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1.
Ann Agric Environ Med ; 31(1): 72-77, 2024 Mar 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38549479

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The Geriatric Depression Scale - 30 (GDS-30) for detecting depressive disorders provides an objective and reliable outcome measure validated by many studies and scientific articles. The aim of the study was to compare the concordance of measurements using the GDS-30 conducted in face-to-face and telephone interviews. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study design was approved by the Bioethical Committee of the University of Rzeszów (Resolution No. 2022/075). Study participants were community-dwelling older people in south-eastern Poland, aged 60 years and over, with a normal cognitive status. They were divided into 2 groups, each examined with the Geriatric Depression Scale - 30 questionnaire. The first group (G1) was examined first by means of direct contact (A), and the second group (G2) by telephone (B). After an average period of 2 weeks, the study was repeated, this time swapping the method of contact: in G1 telephone contact (B) was used, in G2 face-to-face contact (A). RESULTS: The study involved a group of 225 people (128 women and 97 men), mean aged 68.2 years, randomly divided into the 2 groups (G1 and G2). Cohen's kappa coefficient analysis showed good (14 questions) to very good (16 questions) concordance for individual responses to questions. Analysis of Krippendorf's alpha coefficient values showed very good concordance for results on the whole questionnaire. Good concordance of the means of measurement was also confirmed by the Bland and Altman method, where more than 95% of the sample was within the 95% concordance limits. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Findings of the study showed that the GDS-30 questionnaire had a high compliance in both face-to-face and telephone surveys.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Vida Independiente , Masculino , Humanos , Anciano , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Depresión/diagnóstico , Estudios Cruzados , Teléfono , Cognición , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos
2.
BMC Public Health ; 23(1): 1477, 2023 08 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37537582

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, intestinal disorders, mood swings, and sleep disturbances. To the best of our knowledge, the questionnaire used for assessing problems and difficulties in the functioning of people with FM has not been translated and adapted in Poland so far. The aim of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ-Pol). MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study covered 150 people with FM living in Poland. The measurement reliability, internal structure, repeatability, and validity of the Polish version of the FIQ were examined. RESULTS: The scale score reliability of the entire tool for the research group was very good. The alpha Cronbach's test result for the whole scale was 0.84. The repeatability of the scale measured by the test-retest method using the interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) was very good and amounted to 0.96. Internal structure suggested by FIQ-Pol authors was confirmed (Confirmatory factor analysis). After introducing modification indices for the entire scale, satisfactory parameter values were obtained, i.e.: RMSEA (0.06), CFI (0.97) and TLI (0.96). Theoretical validity was assessed by correlating the results of the Polish version of the FIQ with the results of the Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). Both the FIQ-Pol total score and its domains showed strong positive correlations with BDI. CONCLUSION: The Polish FIQ is a reliable and valid tool to measure the functional disability and health status of Polish people with FM.


Asunto(s)
Fibromialgia , Humanos , Fibromialgia/diagnóstico , Polonia , Psicometría , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
3.
Ann Agric Environ Med ; 30(1): 105-110, 2023 Mar 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36999862

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Depression is a common problem among older adults. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS- 30) is a recommended tool for assessing the emotional state of the elderly. To-date, there are no data in literature on the description of GDS-30, according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The aim of the study is to transform the data obtained using the GDS-30 scale into the common scale of the ICF by applying the Rasch measurement theory. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted based on the results of 775 measurements made on people aged 65 and over. The Rasch model with the unconstrained Rasch parameter was used for the study. RESULTS: The GDS-30 scale was transformed into the ICF scale, where 0 points on the ICF scale were assigned to 0 points on the GDS-30 scale, 1 on the ICF scale - 1-4 points on the GDS-30 scale, 2 on the ICF scale - 5-7 on the GDS-30, 3 on the ICF scale, and 8-19 points on the GDS-30, whereas 4 on the ICF scale, 20-30 points on the GDS-30. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the results showed that the GDS-30 scale can be reliably transferred to the universal ICF scale for the b152 Emotional functions code. The ability to transfer the results into the universal language of the ICF category provides a coding system for more efficient information management in health systems, allows for data aggregation, and offers the possibility to compare them. It is also invaluable for clinical practice and research, including creating meta-analyses.


Asunto(s)
Personas con Discapacidad , Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud , Anciano , Humanos , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Actividades Cotidianas , Emociones
4.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 1359, 2023 01 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36693982

RESUMEN

Rehabilitation is considered a key health strategy in the 21st century. The aim of rehabilitation is to optimize the functioning of patients. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a framework for describing and organizing information on functioning and disability. Current international efforts to implement ICF in rehabilitation practise include the implementation of ICF Core Sets and operationalize ICF tools for clinics. The aim of the study is to create simple, intuitive descriptions and an initial reference guide for the assessment of the ICF Rehabilitation Set in Polish practice. The development of the Polish version of ICF Rehabilitation Set involved the following steps: (1) identification of ICF Rehabilitation Set categories; (2) development simple, intuitive descriptions; (3) the drafting of the rating reference guide by a multidisciplinary panel following the process employed to develop the Japanese version. The Polish version of ICF Rehabilitation Set, the simple, intuitive descriptions for 29 categories and the rating reference guides were successfully developed. The Polish version of ICF Rehabilitation Set proposed by us is a reference framework for the harmonization of existing information on the functioning and disability of people participating in the rehabilitation process.


Asunto(s)
Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Personas con Discapacidad , Humanos , Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud , Polonia , Personas con Discapacidad/rehabilitación , Actividades Cotidianas
5.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36498407

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: The percentage of older people in Polish society increases every year. The interaction between the individual health condition and the barriers in the environment of the elderly leads to the development of disability and the limitation of activity and participation in daily activities. AIM: This study was aimed at selecting the category of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) to assess the environment of older adults in Poland in the context of their daily functioning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was designed to develop a user-friendly tool collecting ICF-based data on the living environment of older people, consisting of five phases: (1) the systematic review of the literature, (2) the empirical multicenter study, (3) the qualitative study based on interviews conducted among the elderly, (4) the experts' study-an assessment of selected codes from the perspective of experts, (5) the consensus conference. RESULTS: Consensus was reached for 20 ICF categories, creating a comprehensive core set for the assessment of the living environment of older people, which included six codes from chapter 1, Products and technology, three codes from chapter 2, Natural environment and human-made changes to the environment, four codes from chapter 3, Support and relationships, four codes from Chapter 4, Attitudes, and three codes from Chapter 5, Services, systems, and policies. CONCLUSIONS: The core set for the assessment of the living environment of older people living in Poland is a comprehensive and important set of 20 ICF codes that reflect the most important elements of the environment affecting the health and functioning of the elderly. This set can contribute to the optimal management of care services and support in the area of adapting the environment to the older population. The core set for environmental assessment was developed for use by medical and care facilities, as well as by social workers, who should also pay attention to the elements of the environment that affect the level of functioning of older people. In the future, it may also form the basis of national surveys and screening tests for the assessment of the living environment of older people. Optimizing and enhancing the surrounding environment can contribute to a greater degree of independence, even with existing health problems in the older population.


Asunto(s)
Actividades Cotidianas , Personas con Discapacidad , Humanos , Anciano , Consenso , Polonia , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto
6.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36554802

RESUMEN

The aim of our study is to assess factors determining the uptake of physical activity (PA) by older people living in south-eastern Poland. This is a cross-sectional study. The study included 858 older people aged 75 and over living in south-eastern Poland. PA was assessed by asking about the time spent on any at least moderate PA per week and about doing planned strengthening exercises to improve muscle strength and muscular endurance. Functional status, disability and quality of life in older people were also assessed. Logistic regression models were used to identify the factors related to PA. In the study group, only 25.64% performed a minimum of 150 min of moderate-intensity exercise, while strengthening exercises were performed by 22.49%. The most important factors influencing the uptake of PA were age, number of chronic diseases, place of residence, education, social activity, housing conditions, quality of life and health status. In summary, the study population represents a low level of PA uptake, with the majority not meeting the World Health Organization recommendations for PA uptake by older people. Our findings suggest individualized efforts to promote public health and increase PA among older people over 75 years of age.


Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Anciano , Polonia , Estudios Transversales , Estado de Salud
7.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36293764

RESUMEN

Anaemia is considered a factor that significantly increases the risk of disability and mortality in the elderly. Among the hospitalized elderly, the incidence of anaemia is higher than in the general population, which necessitates extensive diagnostics for anaemia in this group. The aim was to assess the relationship between the occurrence of anaemia in hospitalized females and males, aged 80 years and more, and selected determinants of motor fitness. The analysis covered 91 females and 57 males aged 80 and more. The study implemented haemoglobin level, handgrip strength, a lower limb strength, mobility and balance measurement. The analysis used the logistic regression model and the cut-off point was determined by ROC curve. A 1 kg increase in muscle strength reduced the risk of anaemia in a group of males by 12%. The value of handgrip strength from which anaemia can be predicted in a group of males is 24.4 kg. In the female group, no statistically significant correlations were found. There is a need to continue research in this area with the participation of a larger group of respondents to look for potential factors that may be related to anaemia, in order to find non-invasive diagnostic tools useful for elderly people.


Asunto(s)
Anemia , Fuerza de la Mano , Anciano , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Anemia/epidemiología , Anemia/etiología , Hospitalización , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Rendimiento Físico Funcional
8.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35682064

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Falling is the most common accident that occurs in daily living and the second leading cause of unintentional injury death worldwide. The complexity of the risk factors associated with falling makes older people at risk of falling difficult to identify. The aim of the study was to identify the cut-off scores of standing posturography measures that can be used to predict the risk of falling in older adults. METHODS: This observational study involved 267 elderly people aged 65 to 85 years (73.99 SD 7.51) living in south-eastern Poland. The subjects were divided into two groups: a group with a high risk of falling and a group with a low risk of falling, based on their timed up-and-go test. Postural stability was assessed during eyes-open and eyes-closed trials using the two-plate stability platform CQ Stab 2P. RESULTS: The best accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were observed for the sway path, anterior-posterior sway path, and medial-lateral sway path with open and closed eyes. The clinical cut-off score to predict the risk of falling was 350.63 for the sway path with open eyes, 272.64 for the anterior-posterior sway path, and 159.63 for the medial-lateral sway path. The clinical cut-off score for sway path with closed eyes was 436.11. CONCLUSIONS: Static posturography screenings in clinical practice may also be useful for detecting typical balance changes in older adults.


Asunto(s)
Equilibrio Postural , Anciano , Humanos , Polonia , Factores de Riesgo
9.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 9950, 2021 05 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33976319

RESUMEN

Handgrip strength (HGS) is used as a biomarker for the state of health of older people, but the number of research publications containing the normative values of HGS in older adult populations is limited. The aim of the study was to define reference values and factors associated with HGS in older adults living in southeastern Poland. A cross-sectional study including 405 participants aged 65 and older was conducted. Handgrip strength for the dominant hand was assessed by the average of three trials using a JAMAR dynamometer. The sample was categorized into the following age groups: 65-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years, 80-84 years, 85 and over. The average HGS was 19.98 kg (16.91 kg for women and 26.19 kg for men). There was a decrease in handgrip strength across the age range in both sexes. The average handgrip strength of the older people was 17.97 kg (14.47 kg for women and 25.66 kg for men) for those aged 80-85 and 16.68 kg (13.51 kg for women and 21.77 kg for men) in the group over 85 years old. In both sexes, marital status was an independent factor associated with reduced handgrip strength. In conclusion, this study described, for the first time, handgrip strength values for the southeastern Polish population aged ≥ 65 years according to age and gender.


Asunto(s)
Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Dinamómetro de Fuerza Muscular/normas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Mano/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Polonia/epidemiología , Estándares de Referencia , Valores de Referencia , Sarcopenia/epidemiología
10.
J Clin Med ; 10(5)2021 Mar 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33806307

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Huntington's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that usually manifests in adulthood and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. The main aim of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the 12-item WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 in studying the level of disability in people with Huntington's disease. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study that covered 128 people with Huntington's disease living in Poland. We examined scale score reliability, internal consistency, convergent validity, and known-group validity. The disability and quality of life of people with Huntington's disease were also assessed. RESULTS: The scale score reliability of the entire tool for the research group was high. The Cronbach's α test result for the whole scale was 0.97. Cronbach's α for individual domains ranged from 0.95 to 0.79. Time consistency for the overall result was 0.99 and for particular domains ranged from 0.91 to 0.99, which confirmed that the scale was consistent over time. All of the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 domains negatively correlated with all of the Huntington Quality of Life Instrument (H-QoL-I) domains. All correlation coefficients were statistically significant at the level of p < 0.001. The results obtained in the linear regression model showed that with each subsequent point of decrease in BMI the level of disability increases by an average of 0.83 points on the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 scale. With each subsequent year of the disease, the level of disability increases by an average of 1.39 points. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study assessing disability by means of the WHODAS 2.0 in the HD patient population in Poland, and it is also one of the few studies evaluating the validity of the WHODAS 2.0 scale in assessing the disability of people with HD in accordance with the recommendations of DSM-5 (R). We have confirmed that the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 is an effective tool for assessing disability and changes in functioning among people with Huntington's disease.

11.
Qual Life Res ; 30(8): 2415-2427, 2021 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33719013

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To examine psychometric properties of the Polish version of the 36-item WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) in the population with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: This was a longitudinal study with repeated measures during retest examinations. Subjects from a Polish Specialist Hospital (age = 68.3 ± 9.2years, 71% female, 44.2% knee OA, 55.8% hip OA) were tested three times. They completed the Polish version of the 36-item WHODAS 2.0, the SF-36 Health Survey 2.0, the Western Ontario and Macmaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index 3.1, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Numerical Rating Scale. RESULTS: The 36-item WHODAS 2.0-Polish version demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha for total = 0.94), and test-retest reliability (Total ICC2,1 = 0.98). High construct validity was found as 12 out of 15 a priori hypotheses (80%) were confirmed. Most domains and Total Scores in the 36-item WHODAS 2.0 (Total ES = - 0.62, SMR = - 1.09) showed a moderate degree of responsiveness. Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the Total WHODAS 2.0 was 3.29 in patients undergoing rehabilitation for knee or hip OA. CONCLUSIONS: The Polish version of the 36-item WHODAS 2.0 assesses disability according to ICF in a reliable, valid and responsive way. Therefore, it provides considerable support in clinical practice and national and international scientific research of patients with hip or knee OA.


Asunto(s)
Osteoartritis de la Cadera , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla , Niño , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Polonia , Psicometría , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
12.
Eur Rev Aging Phys Act ; 17(1): 19, 2020 Nov 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33292174

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Polish clinicians and researchers face challenges in selecting physical activity tools appropriate and validated for older people. The aim of this study is to provide cultural adaptation and validation of the Polish version of the Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE-P). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 115 older adults living in south-eastern Poland. The original version of the scale has been translated into the Polish language following standardized translation procedures. Validation was evaluated by Pearson's rank correlation coefficients between PASE-P, the normal Timed Up and Go test and that with a cognitive task (TUG and TUG cog, respectively), grip strength, basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL and IADL, respectively), Five Times Sit to Stand (5x STS), 10-m Walk Test (10MWT), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS: The mean PASE-P was 91.54 (SD 71.15). Sufficient reliability of the test-retest of the PASE-P questionnaire components was found between the trials. The ICC test was strong and ranged from 0.988 to 0.778 for both major domains and the total scale score. A significant correlation was found between the total PASE-P score and the shorter TUG, TUG cog (r = - 0.514, p < 0.001; r = - 0.481, p < 0.001) and 10MWT (r = 0.472, p < 0.001). The total PASE-P score was also positively correlated with ADL and IADL (r = 0.337, p < 0.001; r = 0.415 p < 0.001), BBS (r = 0.537, p < 0.001) and 5xSTS (r = 0.558, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in the study confirm that the Polish version of the PASE scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the level of physical activity in older adults living in a community.

13.
Ann Agric Environ Med ; 27(4): 621-629, 2020 Dec 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33356070

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: In Poland, the number of the oldest-old people is increasing. The prevalence of health problems increases with age, which expands the cost of medical and social care. Therefore, there is a need to assess factors affecting the level of disability and quality of life in order to modify them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out in a group of 498 people aged 80 and over who live in community in south-eastern Poland. The researchers collected socio-demographic and health data, the WHODAS 2.0 questionnaire was used to assess disability and functioning. Quality of life was studied using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. RESULTS: The general average level of disability was 37.41, with women having a higher level of general disability than men (38.94 vs. 33.94). The highest levels of disability occurred in areas such as mobility, life activity and participation. Statistically, a significantly higher level of disability develops in women who are older, with lower education, social involvement, not able to get help from other people and having more chronic diseases. In men, disability increased with age and greater number of chronic illnesses. The general quality of life of the study group was average (62.53) and comparable for both genders. The lowest quality of life was found in the domain of physical health. A significantly lower quality of life appeared in lonely people, with more chronic diseases, lower education, physical and social inactivity, as well as a lack of help from other people and non-adjustment to the environment. CONCLUSIONS: Factors affecting the disability and quality of life of the oldest-old people should be considered in developing senior health policy in Poland.


Asunto(s)
Personas con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Vida Independiente/estadística & datos numéricos , Calidad de Vida , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Vida Independiente/psicología , Masculino , Polonia
14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33036141

RESUMEN

The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a useful tool for assessing the functioning and disability of the general population as well as the effectiveness of the applied interventions. Until this study, no data regarding the validity of the 36-item WHODAS 2.0 in chronic low back pain (LBP) in Poland have been explored. This study was conducted on 92 patients suffering from chronic LBP admitted to the rehabilitation ward. The Polish version of the 36-item WHODAS 2.0, the Sf-36 Health Survey (SF-36), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) questionnaires were applied to assess patients. The scale score reliability of the entire tool for the study population was very high. The Cronbach's alpha test result for the entire scale was 0.92. For the overall result of the WHODAS 2.0, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC1,2) was 0.928, which confirmed that the scale was consistent over time. The total result and the vast majority of domains of the 36-item WHODAS 2.0 correlated negatively with domains of the SF-36 questionnaire; thus, a higher WHODAS 2.0 score was associated with a lower score on the SF-36 questionnaire. We found that the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the total WHODAS 2.0 score in patients after rehabilitation for LBP was 4.87. Overall, the results indicated that the Polish version of the 36-item WHODAS is suitable for assessing health and disability status in patients with LBP.


Asunto(s)
Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Pacientes , Polonia , Psicometría , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
15.
BMC Public Health ; 20(1): 1203, 2020 Aug 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32758211

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The assessment of disability in a population is an important part of public health management. In this article, we examine the psychometric properties and validation of the Polish version of the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. (12-item WHODAS 2.0). METHODS: A systematic random sample comprised 584 adult urban residents. The Polish version of the 12-item WHODAS 2.0 and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF, Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire were used to assess disability and quality of life, respectively. Basic sociodemographic data and selected health-related data (e.g., pain and depressive moods) were also collected. RESULTS: Good scale score reliability for the entire tool was confirmed in the study population (Cronbach's α = 0.90; Composite reliability = 0.95). In confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), satisfactory values of the fit indices were obtained (comparative fit index, CFI = 0.999; Tucker-Lewis Index, TLI = 0.999; root mean square error of approximation, RMSEA = 0.004; standardized root mean square residual, SRMR = 0.043, p = 0.454). Good consistency was noted over time (correlation coefficient = 0.88). The tool was found to have an appropriate level of validity. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the 12-item WHODAS is short and easy to use, and it is suitable for use in the form of an interview during screening tests. This tool is appropriate for measuring the health status, functioning, and disability of an average population. It may be more relevant for studying populations with health problems. The 12-item WHODAS can be used to successfully obtain information about the general level of disability in a population.


Asunto(s)
Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Personas con Discapacidad , Adulto , Análisis Factorial , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polonia , Psicometría/estadística & datos numéricos , Calidad de Vida , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Organización Mundial de la Salud
16.
Ann Agric Environ Med ; 27(2): 240-247, 2020 Jun 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32588600

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The rapid aging of the human population is an increasing challenge to public health. Effective strategies are required to prevent disability and dependency of the elderly. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of body weight on the prevalence of disability and chronic diseases among 60-80-year-old people living in south-eastern Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 1,800 randomly selected people aged 60-80 years living in the Podkarpackie region of south-eastern Poland. Respondents, holders of a - personal identification number (PESEL), were randomly drawn by the Ministry of Interior and Administration (MSWiA) in Poland. The study was conducted in the form of a face-to-face interview at the respondent's residence. The WHODAS 2.0 questionnaire was used to assess disability and functioning. Socio-demographic data were also collected, and the body weight measured in 5% of the respondents after completion of the study. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10. RESULTS: Respondents with Body Mass Index (BMI) < 18.5 and BMI ≥ 35.0 had significantly higher disability levels than those in the normal weight and overweight categories. The greatest limitations were found in participating in everyday life, household activities, getting along and mobility. There was also a statistically significant relationship between BMI and the number of chronic diseases (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: When planning a healthcare strategy for people aged 60 -80 living in Poland, additional support should be provided to those at risk in the categories of underweight and obesity. The obtained findings indicate that the health behaviour of seniors should be assessed - especially regarding their diet and eating habits, physical activity, and participation in social life - in order to tailor prevention programmes specifically to their needs.


Asunto(s)
Índice de Masa Corporal , Enfermedad Crónica/epidemiología , Personas con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Obesidad Mórbida/complicaciones , Delgadez/complicaciones , Anciano , Peso Corporal , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polonia/epidemiología
17.
J Clin Med ; 9(2)2020 Feb 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32050476

RESUMEN

Older people in institutional care are, for the most part, physically inactive and do not interact with each other or medical staff. Therefore, reducing sedentary behaviour is a new, important, and modifiable lifestyle variable that can improve the health of elderly people. The aim of the project was to assess the degree of improvement in functional performance and the possibility of changing habitual, free time behaviour among elderly people under institutional care by applying physical training with verbal stimulation. The study covered older people, aged 65-85 years, who are living a sedentary lifestyle in care homes in Southeastern Poland. Those who met the eligibility criteria were enrolled in the study and were assigned, at random, to one of four parallel groups: basic exercises (n = 51), basic exercises combined with verbal stimulation (n = 51), functional exercise training (n = 51), and functional exercise training with verbal stimulation (n = 51). No statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics were observed across the groups. Data were collected at baseline and at 12 and 24-weeks following the completion of the intervention. In the group with functional exercise training with verbal stimulation, in comparison to the group with basic exercises, the greatest positive short-term impact of intervention was demonstrated in terms of functional fitness (increased by 1.31 points; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.93-1.70), gait speed (improved by 0.17 m/s, 95% CI = 0.13-0.22), hand grip strength (by over 4 kg; 95% CI = 2.51-4.95), and upper-limb flexibility (by 10 cm; 95% CI = 5.82-12.65). There was also a significant increase in the level of free-time physical activity and an improvement in the quality of life, especially as expressed in the domain of overall physical functioning. Our study showed that a functional exercise program, combined with verbal stimulation, is effective at improving physical fitness and raising the level of free-time physical activity.

18.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon ; 26(1): 210-218, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30259799

RESUMEN

Purpose. This study aimed to compare the level of disability and occurrence of chronic diseases in employed and unemployed people aged 60-70 years living in the society in the southeastern part of Poland (Podkarpackie region). Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study of 1000 randomly selected people (aged 60-70 years) was performed. The World Health Organization disability assessment schedule questionnaire and a metric questionnaire were used. Results. Only 9.20% of people were employed, more often men and those with tertiary/vocational education. The level of disability was significantly lower in employed people than in unemployed people (p = 0.023). There were significant differences in favor of employed people concerning mobility (p < 0.001), participation in social life (p = 0.002), ability to perform normal household activities (p = 0.006) and self-service activities (p = 0.026). Unemployed people showed increased times of incapacity for their usual activities/work compared to employed people. Conclusions. In Poland, people aged 60-70 years who remain in the labor market have lower levels of disability, fewer chronic diseases, tertiary education (or vocational education) and higher income levels than those who are unemployed.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crónica/epidemiología , Personas con Discapacidad , Empleo , Desempleo , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Personas con Discapacidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Empleo/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polonia , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Desempleo/estadística & datos numéricos
19.
BMC Geriatr ; 19(1): 297, 2019 10 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31672121

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The extension of the life span has led to an increase in the number of older people and an increase in the prevalence of disability in people over 60 years of age. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ADL and IADL disability and to analyze its determinants among people aged 60 and older living in southeastern Poland. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out among a randomly selected, representative population of people aged 60 and older living in southeastern Poland. Disability was assessed using the Katz Index of Independence in Basic Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. Logistic regression models were used to identify the factors related to ADLs and IADLs. For the variables that were included in the above models, their clustered influence on the increase in the odds ratio for the occurrence of an ADL or IADL limitation was also examined. RESULTS: The research results show that 35.75% of the participants reported at least one problem with IADLs. At least one problem with ADLs was reported by 17.13% of the participants. The most significant modifiable factors influencing the occurrence of disability were the presence of barriers in the participant's environment, poor relations with relatives, a lack of social contacts, multimorbidity and pain. A multiple increase in the odds ratio of disability was found with the presence of pairs of analyzed factors. The highest odds ratio of at least one ADL limitation was observed for the combination of barriers in the participant's environment with multimorbidity (OR 74.07). With regard to IADL disability, the highest odds ratio was observed for the combination of pain on the VAS scale ≥3 points with older age (OR 19.47). CONCLUSIONS: The study showed a high prevalence of ADL and IADL disability in older people living in southeastern Poland. It also indicated the extent to which modifiable factors influenced the occurrence of disability and the extent to which the risk of disability increased with the presence of pairs of factors, especially those that included environmental barriers in the participant's environment.


Asunto(s)
Actividades Cotidianas , Envejecimiento , Ambiente , Medio Social , Anciano , Envejecimiento/fisiología , Envejecimiento/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Femenino , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Evaluación Geriátrica/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Polonia/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo
20.
Acta Bioeng Biomech ; 21(2): 45-53, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31741484

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The aim of the research was to assess the postural stability indicators of older women and men receiving i nstitutional care. METHODS: The study involved 123 people aged 65-85, living in residential care homes in Rzeszów district. The main research tool was the CQ-Stab 2P 2-platform posturograph. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between women and men in the total statokinesiogram path length, the statokinesiogram path length in the anteroposterior direction, the mean COP displacement in the anteroposterior direction as well as the mean velocity of the COP point in the anteroposterior direction under eye control (p = 0.04). In the case of absence of visual control, men were characterized by significantly worse parameters in the area of mean COP displacement in the anteroposterior and lateral directions as well as the maximal COP displacement in the anteroposterior and lateral directions. It indicated that without visual control, body balance parameters in men significantly worsened along with increasing age. A statistically significant difference was found between both genders in terms of the statokinesiogram path length, the mean COP displacement and the mean COP velocity (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Gender differences in postural stability of older people under institutional care were noticed. Men were characterized by a lower level of postural stability compared to women. Elimination of visual control significantly worsened the balance of the body. The results obtained indicate the necessity of introducing therapeutic programs in nursing homes, taking proprioceptive exercises and exercises without visual input into account.


Asunto(s)
Institucionalización , Equilibrio Postural/fisiología , Caracteres Sexuales , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Factores Sexuales
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