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1.
Adv Emerg Nurs J ; 46(1): 49-57, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38285423

RESUMEN

Chest pain is a common complaint for consultation of emergency medical services worldwide. Currently, ambulance nurses (AN) base their decision to transport a patient to the hospital on their own professional experience. The HEART score could improve prehospital risk stratification and patient treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the interrater reliability and predictive accuracy of the HEART score between AN and emergency physicians (EP). A retrospective analysis on data of 569 patients 18 years and older included in two prehospital HEART score studies. The endpoints are interrater reliability (intraclass correlation [ICC]) and predictive accuracy for major adverse cardiac events within 30 days of the HEART score calculated by AN versus EP. Predictive accuracy is sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value (PPV) and negative predicted value (NPV). Interrater reliability was good for total HEART score (ICC 0.78; 95% CI 0.75-0.81). However, focusing on the decision to transport a patient, the ICC dropped to 0.62 (95% CI 0.62-0.70). History and Risk factors caused the most variability. Predictive accuracy of HEART differed between AN and EP. The HEART score calculated by AN was sensitivity 91%, specificity 38%, PPV 26%, and NPV 95%. The HEART score calculated by EP was sensitivity 98%, specificity 32%, PPV -26%, and NPV 99%. With a cut-off value of 0-2 for a low HEART score, predictive accuracy significantly improved for the HEART score calculated by AN: sensitivity 98%, specificity 18%, PPV 22%, and NPV 98%. Our study shows a moderate interrater reliability and lower predictive accuracy of a HEART score calculated by AN versus EP. AN underestimate the risk of patients with acute chest pain, with the largest discrepancies in the elements History and Risk factors. Reconsidering the cut-off values of the low-risk HEART category, as well as a carefully developed training program, will possibly lead to a higher interrater reliability of the HEART score and higher predictive accuracy used by AN.


Asunto(s)
Ambulancias , Médicos , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Dolor en el Pecho/diagnóstico
2.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg ; 32(1): 50-58, 2023 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35872171

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) exhibits high rates of success and low complication rates. rTSA has undergone numerous design adaptations over recent years, and lateralization of implant components provides theoretical and biomechanical benefits in stability and range of motion (ROM) as well as decreased rates of notching. However, the magnitude of implant lateralization and its effect on these outcomes is less well understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how increasing glenohumeral offset affects outcomes after rTSA, specifically in a lateralized humerus + medialized glenoid implant model. METHODS: Primary rTSA using a lateralized humeral + medialized glenoid implant model performed at a single academic institution between 2012 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient-reported outcome (PRO) parameters and clinical outcomes including ROM were evaluated both pre- and postoperatively. Pre- and postoperative radiographs were analyzed for measurement of glenohumeral offset, defined as the acromial-tuberosity offset (ATO) distance on the anteroposterior radiograph. RESULTS: A total of 130 rTSAs were included in the analysis, with a mean follow-up of 35 mo. The mean postoperative absolute ATO was 16 mm, and the mean delta ATO (difference from pre- to postoperatively) was 4.6 mm further lateralized. Among all study patients, improvements in all ROM parameters and all PROs were observed from pre- to postoperative assessments. When assessing for the effects of lateralization on these outcomes, multivariate analysis failed to reveal a significant effect from the absolute postoperative ATO or the delta ATO on any outcome parameter. CONCLUSIONS: rTSA using a lateralized humeral + medialized glenoid implant model exhibits excellent clinical outcomes in ROM and PROs. However, the magnitude of lateralization as measured radiographically by the ATO did not significantly affect these outcomes; patients exhibited universally good outcomes irrespective of the degree of offset restoration.


Asunto(s)
Artroplastía de Reemplazo de Hombro , Articulación del Hombro , Prótesis de Hombro , Humanos , Artroplastía de Reemplazo de Hombro/efectos adversos , Articulación del Hombro/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación del Hombro/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Escápula/cirugía , Húmero/cirugía , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Prótesis de Hombro/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento
3.
Inn Med (Heidelb) ; 63(12): 1307-1311, 2022 Dec.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36194294

RESUMEN

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) remains a serious illness with potentially life-threatening complications. The following case of a TTP patient describes a serious relapse with exacerbation in spite of adequately initiated therapy and highlights the necessity of interdisciplinary expertise in the treatment of the disease.


Asunto(s)
Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica , Humanos , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/diagnóstico , Recurrencia
4.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc ; 29(12): 4182-4187, 2021 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33682047

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to (1) report on the incidence of concurrent surgical pathology at the time of adolescent ACL reconstruction, (2) evaluate patient risk factors for concurrent pathology, and (3) measure the effect of BMI on operating room (OR) time. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the NSQIP database for the years 2005-2017 was conducted. Nine-hundred and seventeen patients 18 years of age and younger who underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) were identified using CPT code 29888 and patients undergoing surgery for multi-ligamentous knee injuries were excluded. The mean patient age was 17.6 years (range 14-18, standard deviation 0.52) and consisted of 546 males (59.5%) and 371 females (40.5%). Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between BMI and additional CPT codes for internal derangement at the time of surgery. Internal derangement was defined as any procedure for the treatment of a meniscal tear, chondral lesion, or loose body removal. Linear regression analysis was then performed to evaluate the effect of BMI on operative time. RESULTS: 43.7% of patients undergoing ACLR required an associated procedure for internal derangement. Additionally, the risk of requiring additional procedures for internal derangement increased by 3.1% per BMI point. BMI was also predictive of operative time, independent of the number of additional procedures. Specifically, the operative time increased by nearly one minute for every point increase in BMI (58.0 s). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent patients with an elevated BMI were much more likely to require additional surgical procedures for internal derangement at the time of ACL reconstruction. Additionally, BMI was a significant predictor for longer operative times. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.


Asunto(s)
Lesiones del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Reconstrucción del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Lesiones de Menisco Tibial , Adolescente , Lesiones del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/epidemiología , Lesiones del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirugía , Índice de Masa Corporal , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Tempo Operativo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Lesiones de Menisco Tibial/cirugía
5.
HNO ; 69(8): 633-641, 2021 Aug.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33502578

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: From spring 2020, SARS-CoV­2 began to spread worldwide, with what is now known as the first wave of the pandemic, starting in March 2020. This resulted in restructuring and shift of resources at many hospitals. The aim of our work was to detect the effects of the pandemic on the german Oto-Rhino-Laryngology (ORL) university hospitals in terms of research, student teaching and further specialist training. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The chairmen of the 39 ORL university hospitals in Germany were asked about the effects of the pandemic on research, student teaching and ORL specialist training (residency) in the period from March to April 2020 using a structured online survey. RESULTS: All 39 chairmen took part in the survey. Of these, 74.4% (29/39) stated that their research activities had deteriorated as a result of the pandemic. In 61.5% (24/39) pandemic-related research issues were addressed. All hospitals reported a restriction for in-house teaching and 97.5% (38/39) introduced new digital teaching methods. During the observation period, 74.4% of the chairmen did not see ORL specialist training (residency)at risk. CONCLUSION: Our results provide an insight into the heterogeneous effects of the pandemic. The fast processing of pandemic-related research topics and the introduction of innovative digital concepts for student teaching impressively demonstrates the great innovative potential and the ability of the ORL university hospitals to react quickly in order to maintain their tasks in research, student teaching and ORL specialist training in the best possible way even during the pandemic.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Otolaringología , Alemania/epidemiología , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Estudiantes , Enseñanza
6.
ChemistryOpen ; 10(1): 28-45, 2021 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33448132

RESUMEN

The conversion of the 1 : 1-complex of Cisplatin with 1-methyluracil (1MeUH), cis-[Pt(NH3 )2 (1MeU-N3)Cl] (1 a) to the aqua species cis-[Pt(NH3 )2 (1MeU-N3)(OH2 )]+ (1 b), achieved by reaction of 1 a with AgNO3 in water, affords a mixture of compounds, the composition of which strongly depends on sample history. The complexity stems from variations in condensation patterns and partial loss of NH3 ligands. In dilute aqueous solution, 1 a, and dinuclear compounds cis-[(NH3 )2 (1MeU-N3)Pt(µ-OH)Pt(1MeU-N3)(NH3 )2 ]+ (3) as well as head-tail cis-[Pt2 (NH3 )4 (µ-1MeU-N3,O4)2 ]2+ (4) represent the major components. In addition, there are numerous other species present in minor quantities, which differ in metal nuclearity, stoichiometry, stereoisomerism, and Pt oxidation state, as revealed by a combination of 1 H NMR and ESI-MS spectroscopy. Their composition appears not to be the consequence of a unique and repeating coordination pattern of the 1MeU ligand in oligomers but rather the coexistence of distinctly different condensation patterns, which include µ-OH, µ-1MeU, and µ-NH2 bridging and combinations thereof. Consequently, the products obtained should, in total, be defined as a heterogeneous mixture rather than a mixture of oligomers of different sizes. In addition, a N2 complex, [Pt(NH3 )(1MeU)(N2 )]+ appears to be formed in gas phase during the ESI-MS experiment. In the presence of Na+ ions, multimers n of 1 a with n=2, 3, 4 are formed that represent analogues of non-metalated uracil quartets found in tetrastranded RNA.


Asunto(s)
Complejos de Coordinación/química , Uracilo/análogos & derivados , Amoníaco/química , Cisplatino/química , Complejos de Coordinación/síntesis química , Ligandos , Estructura Molecular , Nitrato de Plata/química , Uracilo/síntesis química , Uracilo/química , Agua/química
7.
Laryngorhinootologie ; 99(10): 694-706, 2020 10.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32767296

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Since December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been rapidly spreading worldwide. In Germany, an exponential increase in the number of infections was registered at the beginning of March 2020 and led to a call of the Ministry of Health to create more capacity for intensive medical treatment in hospitals. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on Oto-Rhino-Laryngology (ORL) university hospitals regarding patient care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An online survey was sent out to all chairmen of the 39 ORL university hospitals in Germany. The answers to the questions referred to the defined period from March 15th to April 15th 2020 and were carried out using the online survey tool "SurveyMonkey". 87 questions focused on general information, health care, and structural effects in the respective institution. RESULTS: All chairmen of the 39 university hospitals in Germany participated in the survey. The collected data prove the considerable impact on organizational, structural and medical aspects of patient care. For example, the surveyed clinics reported a decrease in outpatient cases by 73.8 % to 26.2 ±â€Š14.2 % and in surgical treatments by 65.9 % to 34.1 ±â€Š13.9 %. In contrast, emergency treatment remained unchanged or even increased in 80 % of the facilities and surgical treatment of emergency patients remained unchanged or even increased in more than 90 %. Emergency outpatient and surgical treatment of patients was provided throughout the pandemic in all facilities. In total, about 35 000 outpatients and about 12 000 surgical cases were postponed. As a result of the acute structural changes, the potential danger of falling below current treatment standards was seen in individual areas of patient care. DISCUSSION: The assessment of the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is heterogeneous. The majority of the chairmen are critically aware of the risk of falling below current medical treatment standards or guidelines. In the phase of an exponential increase in the number of infections, significant changes in treatment processes had to be accepted for understandable reasons. However, with the currently significantly reduced number of infections, falling below treatment standards and guidelines should not be allowed to remain constant and tolerated. SUMMARY: This study shows a differentiated picture with regard to the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on outpatient, inpatient and operative patient care at the ORL university hospitals in Germany and illustrates the importance of these institutions for ensuring patient care during this critical phase.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus , Otolaringología , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral , Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave/epidemiología , Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave/terapia , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Alemania , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2
8.
J Comput Chem ; 41(21): 1921-1930, 2020 Aug 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32542776

RESUMEN

Density-functional theory calculations of (TiO2 )n clusters (n = 1-5) in the gas phase and adsorbed on pristine graphene as well as graphene quantum dots are presented. The cluster adsorption is found to be dominated by van der Waals forces. The electronic structure and in particular the excitation energies of the bare clusters and the TiO2 /graphene composites are found to vary largely in dependence on the size of the respective constituents. This holds in particular for the energy and the spatial localization of the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. In addition to a substantial gap narrowing, a pronounced separation of photoexcited electrons and holes is predicted in some instances. This is expected to prolong the lifetime of photoexcited carriers. Altogether, TiO2 /graphene composites are predicted to be promising photocatalysts with improved electronic and photocatalytic properties compared to bulk TiO2 .

9.
Ann Surg Oncol ; 27(2): 451-457, 2020 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31538289

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Patients with recurrent oropharyngeal cancer often require extensive salvage surgery. For patients with clinically N0 necks, the indication for concurrent neck dissection remains unclear. This study aimed to determine predictors, prevalence, and distribution of nodal disease in patients treated with salvage oropharyngectomy. METHODS: In a case series with data collection at a single tertiary academic National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated comprehensive cancer center, this study analyzed patients treated with prior radiation or chemoradiation who had persistent, recurrent, or second primary squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx requiring oropharyngeal resection between 1998 and 2017 (n = 95). Clinical and oncologic characteristics and treatment outcomes were collected, and statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS: The overall rate of nodal positivity was 21% (24/95), and the rate of occult nodal disease was 6% (4/65). Ipsilateral and contralateral level 2 were the most common areas harboring positive nodes. Bivariate analysis showed female sex (p = 0.01), initial overall stage (p = 0.02), and N status (p = 0.03), as well as recurrent overall and T stage (p = 0.05) to be predictors of nodal disease. In the multivariate analysis, recurrent T stage continued to be significantly predictive of pathologic nodal disease. Both computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT were moderately accurate in predicting nodal disease in the salvage setting (area under the curve, 0.79 and 0.80, respectively). CONCLUSION: Occult nodal disease is observed in few patients undergoing salvage oropharyngeal resection. This study identified factors predictive of nodal disease in patients undergoing salvage oropharyngectomy and appropriate diagnostic tests in this setting.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Enfermedades Linfáticas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Linfáticas/epidemiología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/cirugía , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/cirugía , Faringectomía/efectos adversos , Terapia Recuperativa/efectos adversos , Canadá/epidemiología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Enfermedades Linfáticas/etiología , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/patología , Prevalencia , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos
10.
Z Rheumatol ; 79(2): 160-167, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31388735

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The initial presentation of patients with symptoms indicative of a rheumatic disease is in most cases not directly to a rheumatologist. This study evaluated the following questions: I. Which medical specialists refer patients to a department of rheumatology? II. Evaluation of the accordance of the presumptive referral diagnosis and the final diagnosis by a rheumatologist. METHODS: A total of 947 patients (279 men and 668 women) who initially presented to a university hospital for rheumatological diagnostics were included in the study. The referring medical specialist fields were identified. Furthermore, a kappa analysis was performed to evaluate the accordance of the presumptive referral diagnosis and the final diagnosis generated after a rheumatological evaluation of the patients. RESULTS: Of the referrals 73% were initiated by general practitioners or internists functioning as general practitioners. The other referrers were 5% specialists in internal medicine (excluding rheumatology), 4% orthopedic/trauma surgeons, 1% other surgeons and 4% other specialist fields. A rheumatological diagnosis was made in 58% of the patients and rheumatological inflammatory joint diseases (26%), collagenosis (14%) and vasculitides (5%) were the most frequently diagnoses. The accordance of the presumptive diagnosis of the general practitioners and the final diagnosis after rheumatological evaluation was a kappa coefficient of κ = 0.304. Lower kappa values were evaluated for orthopedic surgeons (κ = 0.277) and other specialists (κ = 0.200). CONCLUSION: The referrals to a rheumatology institution were frequently initiated by general practitioners and internists functioning as general practitioners. In this context the presumptive diagnosis of general practitioners showed a low accordance with the final rheumatological diagnosis. In contrast, a detailed presumptive diagnosis is desirable for optimal use of the limited resources for rheumatological care.


Asunto(s)
Derivación y Consulta , Enfermedades Reumáticas , Reumatología , Femenino , Humanos , Medicina Interna , Masculino , Derivación y Consulta/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades Reumáticas/diagnóstico , Reumatólogos
11.
J Microbiol Methods ; 169: 105728, 2020 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31629909

RESUMEN

Beneficial effects of cold atmospheric argon plasma (CAAP) on wound healing and its capacity for bacterial decontamination has recently been documented. First, in vivo studies in small animals did not prove any decontamination effect in canine bite wounds. The present study evaluated the overall decontamination effect of CAAP for different bacteria frequently encountered in canine bite wounds with respect to growth phase, initial bacteria concentration and treatment duration. Standard strains of Escherichia (E.) coli, Staphylococcus (S.) pseudintermedius, S. aureus, Streptococcus (S.) canis, Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa and Pasteurella multocida were investigated. To evaluate the influence of the bacterial growth phase, each bacterium was incubated for three and eight hours, before CAAP treatment. Three different bacterial concentrations were created per bacterium and growth phase, and were exposed to CAAP for 30 s, 1 min and 2 min. CAAP treatment resulted in acceptable decontamination rates (range 98.9-99.9%) in all bacteria species in vitro; however, differences in susceptibility were detected. Decontamination rate was mainly influenced by initial bacterial concentration and treatment time. Growth phase only influenced decontamination in S. pseudintermedius. Treatment time significantly (P < .05) correlated with the decontamination rate in E. coli, S. canis and S. aureus, with an exposure time of 2 min being most effective. Initial bacterial concentration significantly (P < .05) influenced decontamination in Pasteurella multocida and P. aeruginosa, in which treatment time was not as important. CAAP exerts effective antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria strains in vitro, with species specific effects of treatment time, growth phase and concentration.


Asunto(s)
Argón/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Mordeduras y Picaduras/microbiología , Desinfección/métodos , Gases em Plasma/farmacología , Animales , Descontaminación/métodos , Desinfectantes/farmacología , Perros , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos
12.
Schmerz ; 33(5): 415-423, 2019 Oct.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31432246

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In Germany, physicians who prescribe cannabis-based medicines at the expense of the statutory health insurance are obliged to take part in an accompanying survey. Pain was the most commonly reported diagnosis, making an interim evaluation for the indication of pain feasible. METHODS: Patient-related data was transmitted to the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices via an online portal. In addition to demographic data, information on the treated disease or symptoms, the course of therapy, adverse reactions and treatment success were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 3138 data sets were evaluated for the main diagnosis of pain. Dronabinol was the most frequently (64%) prescribed cannabis-based drug. On average, patients were 57 years old and women and men were equally represented. Patients treated with cannabis flowers were significantly younger (48 years). The proportion of men in this group was 68% and 83% in the group of 18- to 40-year-olds. According to the assessment by treating physicians, pain was significantly improved in 35.5% of the patients. The most frequent side effects (fatigue, dizziness, nausea) corresponded to those already known from the product information of the cannabis-based medicinal products authorized under the pharmaceutical law. Treatment was discontinued in 1179 patients within 1 year. CONCLUSION: Physicians should comply with their legal obligation to participate in the accompanying survey. Pain is by far the most common diagnosis in cannabis drugs. For about one third of these patients, physicians reported a clear improvement in pain. Due to the amount of data hitherto and the limitations in the accompanying survey, the results should not be overinterpreted in terms of efficacy and should always be related to existing reviews. The lower age and higher proportion of men among patients treated with cannabis flowers were remarkable. At 37.6%, the overall drop-out rate was high. The most frequent side effects related to vigilance and are therefore highly relevant in terms of driving ability, work ability and risk of falling. For a differentiated evaluation of treatment success, more data needs to be available.


Asunto(s)
Cannabis , Marihuana Medicinal , Manejo del Dolor , Dolor , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adolescente , Adulto , Demografía , Femenino , Alemania , Humanos , Masculino , Marihuana Medicinal/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor/tratamiento farmacológico , Manejo del Dolor/estadística & datos numéricos , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven
13.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol ; 240: 357-363, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31398573

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To get a preliminary understanding of the amniotomy-to-delivery interval, patients' experiences and risks by awaiting spontaneous contractions after amniotomy and to explore the need and feasibility for a larger randomised controlled trial. METHODS: We performed a randomised controlled pilot trial in a peripheral teaching hospital in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Women with term, singleton pregnancy in vertex position undergoing labour induction for one of the five following indications: prolonged pregnancy, mild hypertensive disorders, diabetes, expected macrosomia, maternal request, were randomised to amniotomy with 12-hours delayed oxytocin (DO), or amniotomy with immediate oxytocin (IO). RESULTS: A total of 64 women was included in the analysis. The median amniotomy-to-delivery interval for the DO-group was 15 h (IQR 8-21), and 6 h (IQR 5-11) for the IO-group (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.24-0.70), with equal patient reported childbirth perception in the overall group (P=0.43). Parous women reported a significantly less positive perception of labour (P=0.02) and used pain relief more often (RR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.05-8.19) in the DO-group. The proportion of women delivered within 24 h was not significantly different between groups (RR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.05-1.83). Other delivery and neonatal outcomes did not differ significantly between groups, possibly due to being underpowered. CONCLUSION: Preliminary results show that amniotomy-to-delivery interval was prolonged with 9 h in the DO-group, with equal patient reported childbirth perception in the overall group. Parous women have a less positive perception of their delivery and used pain relief more often when oxytocin was delayed. Delaying oxytocin infusion after amniotomy should be further investigated in an adequately powered randomised trial.


Asunto(s)
Amniotomía , Trabajo de Parto Inducido/métodos , Oxitócicos/administración & dosificación , Oxitocina/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto , Embarazo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento
14.
J Am Chem Soc ; 141(22): 8907-8913, 2019 06 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31067401

RESUMEN

Fullerenes and their derivatives are of tremendous technological relevance. Synthetic access and application are still hampered by tedious purification protocols, peculiar solubility, and limited control over regioselective derivatization. We present a modular self-assembly system based on a new low-molecular-weight binding motif, appended by two palladium(II)-coordinating units of different steric demands, to either form a [Pd2L14]4+ cage or an unprecedented [Pd2L23(MeCN)2]4+ bowl (with L1 = pyridyl, L2 = quinolinyl donors). The former was used as a selective induced-fit receptor for C60. The latter, owing to its more open structure, also allows binding of C70 and fullerene derivatives. By exposing only a fraction of the bound guests' surface, the bowl acts as fullerene protecting group to control functionalization, as demonstrated by exclusive monoaddition of anthracene. In a hierarchical manner, sterically low-demanding dicarboxylates were found to bridge pairs of bowls into pill-shaped dimers, able to host two fullerenes. The hosts allow transferring bound fullerenes into a variety of organic solvents, extending the scope of possible derivatization and processing methodologies.

15.
Anaesthesist ; 68(2): 104-107, 2019 02.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30683963

RESUMEN

After a minor blow to the neck from the handlebars of a bike, a 5-year-old boy developed a massive subcutaneous emphysema with respiratory distress. Orotracheal intubation was performed. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck and thorax showed a pneumomediastinum and a bilateral pneumothorax. No injury to the large airways was identified. The patient was stabilized by insertion of chest tubes and controlled ventilation. The endoscopic examination of the trachea revealed a tear of the pars membranacea, which was successfully treated conservatively. The specific features of the injury and the airway management are discussed based on a review of the current literature.


Asunto(s)
Traumatismos del Cuello/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfisema Subcutáneo/terapia , Manejo de la Vía Aérea , Preescolar , Endoscopía , Humanos , Intubación Intratraqueal , Masculino , Traumatismos del Cuello/terapia
16.
J Am Chem Soc ; 141(5): 2097-2103, 2019 02 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30620873

RESUMEN

Photochromic [Pd2L4] coordination cages based on dithienylethene (DTE) ligands L allow triggering guest uptake and release by irradiation with light of different wavelengths. The process involves four consecutive electrocyclic reactions to convert all chromophores between their open and closed photoisomeric forms. So far, guest affinity of the fully switched species was elucidated, but mechanistic details concerning the intermediate steps remained elusive. Now, a new member of the DTE cage family allows unprecedented insight into the interplay between photoisomerization steps and guest location inside/outside the cavity. Therefore, the intrinsic chirality of the DTE backbones was used as reporter for monitoring the fate of a chiral guest. In its "open" photoisomeric form ( o-L, [Pd2( o-L)4] = o-C), the C2-symmetric DTE chromophore quickly converts between energetically degenerate P and M helical conformations. After binding homochiral 1 R-( -) or 1 S-( +) camphor sulfonate ( R-CSA or S-CSA), guest-to-host chirality transfer was observed via a circular dichroism (CD) signal for the cage-centered absorption. Irradiating the R/S-CSA@ o-C host-guest complexes at 313 nm produced configurationally stable "closed" photoisomers, thus locking the induced chirality with an enantiomeric excess close to 25%. This value (corresponding to chiral induction for one out of four ligands), together with DOSY NMR, ion mobility mass spectrometry, and X-ray structure results, shows that closure of the first photoswitch is sufficient to expel the guest from the cavity.

18.
HNO ; 67(1): 45-50, 2019 Jan.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30402811

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Dysphagia is a common symptom reported by patients in various medical fields, raising the question of diagnosis. In addition to otorhinolaryngologic examination with a mirror, the current gold standards videofluoroscopy and fiber optic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) are available. Ultrasound is frequently used in everyday clinical practice, although its application for swallowing diagnostics needs addressing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between April 2012 and February 2014, 81 subjects (age 19-66 years) with no indication of a swallowing disorder were sonographically examined. The anatomic representation of swallowing structures was evaluated and videos of the cervical part of the esophagus during swallowing of different consistencies (saliva, water, jelly) were recorded and analyzed. In a pilot study, the examination was tested on 3 dysphagia patients. RESULTS: The base of the tongue, the intralaryngeal structures, the cervical spine, and the thyroid glands were well visualized. Sonographic representation of the cervical esophagus section was particularly successful. Its length could be detected at 5.78 ± 1.66 cm, the diameter measured at 0.88 ± 0.10 cm. Sonographic inspection of the sinus piriformis was most difficult; it could not be seen in 39.5% of cases. Visualization of the sinus piriformis was better in cases of normal weight and age <25 years (odds ratios 5.6 and 11.3, respectively). In the examination of patients with a swallowing disorder, three different pathologies (Forestier's disease, esophageal stenosis, and motor neuron disease) were identified as the cause of complaints. CONCLUSION: Sonography enables very good visualization of swallowing and evaluation of the cervical esophagus. Where available, the otorhinolaryngologist should consider ultrasound as a diagnostic option, as it enables repeated evaluation of swallowing and can complement previously available diagnostic tools.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos de Deglución , Deglución , Ultrasonografía , Adulto , Anciano , Deglución/fisiología , Trastornos de Deglución/diagnóstico por imagen , Endoscopía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos Piloto , Adulto Joven
19.
Internist (Berl) ; 59(11): 1204-1207, 2018 Nov.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29872889

RESUMEN

Treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors is a well-established therapeutic strategy for various autoimmune diseases. However, little is known about renal complications and possible causality of renal injury due to this treatment. The following case of a patient with psoriasis demonstrates the difficulties in classifying renal complications of anti-TNF-α therapy versus kidney involvement caused by the underlying disease.


Asunto(s)
Adalimumab/uso terapéutico , Psoriasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Renal/inducido químicamente , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/uso terapéutico , Ustekinumab/uso terapéutico , Glomerulonefritis por IGA , Humanos , Infliximab , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidores
20.
J Dent Res ; 97(6): 627-634, 2018 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29533731

RESUMEN

The recent Food and Drug Administration's approval of monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) offers exciting promise to improve patient outcome and reduce morbidities. A favorable response to ICR blockade relies on an extensive collection of preexisting tumor-specific T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). ICR blockade reinvigorates exhausted CD8+ T cells and enhances immune killing. However, resistance to ICR blockade is observed in about 85% of patients with HNSCC, therefore highlighting the importance of characterizing the mechanisms underlying HNSCC immune escape and exploring combinatorial strategies to sensitize hypoimmunogenic cold HNSCC to ICR inhibition. Cancer vaccines are designed to bypass the cold TME and directly deliver cancer antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs); these vaccines epitomize a priming strategy to synergize with ICR inhibitors. Cancer cells are ineffective antigen presenters, and poor APC infiltration as well as the M2-like polarization in the TME further dampens antigen uptake and processing, both of which render ineffective innate and adaptive immune detection. Cancer vaccines directly activate APC and expand the tumor-specific T-cell repertoire. In addition, cancer vaccines often contain an adjuvant, which further improves APC function, promotes epitope spreading, and augments host intrinsic antitumor immunity. Thus, the vaccine-induced immune priming generates a pool of effectors whose function can be enhanced by ICR inhibitors. In this review, we summarize the major HNSCC immune evasion strategies, the ongoing effort toward improving HNSCC vaccines, and the current challenges limiting the efficacy of cancer vaccines.


Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra el Cáncer/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/prevención & control , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/prevención & control , Vacunas contra el Cáncer/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra el Cáncer/inmunología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/inmunología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/inmunología , Humanos
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