The Comparative Double-Blind Clinical Study in Antihelmintic Efficacy Between Thai Traditional Herbal Formulae and Mebendazole.

This study was carried out in Mahasarakham Primary Healthcare Centre, Mahasarakham province in the area of Northeastern of Thailand. The experiment was randomized controlled trial in the clinical study to examine the efficacy of Thai Traditional Herbal Formula (TTHF) in the treatment of antihelmintic activity of mixed worm infections in human. The 2 experimental groups consisted of 10 patients, and 5 patients for control group with inclusion and exclusion criteria, who were screened by the selection of mixed worm infection symptom samples. The investigation and extraction of worm eggs per gram (EPG) of patient feces method were performed with Ether-Formalin Sedimentation test. The percentage of reduction of EPG of patient feces were collected, counted, and confirmed by parasitologist, and the clinical efficacy was investigated by the physician and the pharmacist. The percent EPG data were collected before and after the treatment with TTHF and with mebendazole. The result showed that TTHF had higher efficacy in antihelmintic activity than mebendazole and placebo, which had the percent reduction of EPG of feces as 93.69 in TTHF and percent reduction of EPG of feces as 87.50 in mebendazole. The suggestion of this study should increase the number of samples of worm-infected patients, which the samples can be identified with the specific helminths genus and species to obtain the efficacy by the treatment using TTHF and mebendazole comparatively.

Formation, antioxidant property and oxidative stability of cold pressed rice bran oil emulsion.

Cold pressed rice bran oil (CPRBO) is used in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals due to its desirable health and functional attributes. The purpose of this work was to study the formation, antioxidant property and oxidative stability of oil-in-water emulsion of CPRBO. The influence of oil (10-40 % CPRBO) and surfactant (1-5 % glyceryl monostearate (GMS)) concentration on the properties of emulsions were studied. The lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) of CPRBO emulsions decreased as GMS concentration increased, which was attributed to a decrease in droplet size after homogenization. The CPRBO emulsion was stable during storage at room temperature for 30 days. Increasing the oil concentration in the CPRBO emulsions increased their antioxidant activity, which can be attributed to the corresponding increase in phytochemical content. However, GMS concentration had little impact on the antioxidant activity of CPRBO emulsions. The storage of CPRBO emulsion at room temperature showed that lipid oxidation markers gradually increased after 30 days of storage, which was correlated to a decrease in gamma oryzanol content and antioxidant activity. These results have important implications for the utilization of rice bran oil (RBO) as a function ingredient in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products.

Simultaneous determination of carotenoids, tocopherols, and gamma-oryzanol in crude rice bran oil by liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and mass spectrometric detection employing silica C30 stationary phases.

Crude rice bran oil contains tocopherols (vitamin E), carotenoids (vitamin A), and phytosterols, which possess antioxidant activities and show promising effects as preventive and therapeutic agents. The aim of this work was to establish methods and to compare C18 and C30 silica stationary phases in order to separate and detect tocopherols, carotenoids, and gamma-oryzanol in one single run. Comparing RP-LC on silica C18 and C30, higher resolution between all target compounds was obtained using the C30 stationary phase. Methanol was used as eluent and the elution strength was increased by the addition of tert-butyl methyl ether for highly hydrophobic analytes such as gamma-oryzanol. Detection was accomplished by diode array detection from 200 to 500 nm. Absorbance maxima were found at 295 nm for tocopherols, 324 nm for gammaoryzanol, and 450 nm for carotenoids. Furthermore, compounds were characterized and identified on the basis of their UV-spectra. Both RP systems were coupled to MS (LC-MS) by using an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface.

Quantitative analysis of aglycone quercetin in mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) by capillary zone electrophoresis.

A capillary zone electrophoresis method was established for analysis of aglycone quercetin in mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.). The influence of, e.g., background electrolyte concentrations and pH, surfactant concentrations, organic solvents, temperature, and voltage on the separation of aglycone quercetin, rutin, quercitrin, kaempferol, catechin, and gallic acid was systematically investigated. The optimum condition providing baseline separation of all compounds within 16.5 min was obtained in 150 mM boric acid (pH 10.0) using a fused-silica capillary with an effective length of 42.5 cm (50 microm inner diameter), temperature of 32 degrees C, and voltage of 15 kV. Method assessment was performed by standard addition method using rutin as an internal standard. Linearity of the method was excellent (r(2) > 0.999) over the concentration tested (40-160 microg/mL). The relative standard deviations (%RSDs) from injection, intraday, and interday precision were less than 2.5%. Recoveries were good (asymptotically equal to 100.0%,%RSD = 0.8%) with a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.86 and 3.16 microg/mL (%RSD = 1.8%), respectively. The aglycone quercetin found in the mulberry leaves was 0.452 g/100 g (%RSD = 0.6%) on dry weight.