Appropriate mowing can promote the growth of Anabasis aphylla through the auxin metabolism pathway.

Anabasis aphylla (A. aphylla), a species of the Amaranthaceae family, is widely distributed in northwestern China and has high pharmacological value and ecological functions. However, the growth characteristics are poorly understood, impeding its industrial development for biopesticide development. Here, we explored the regenerative capacity of A. aphylla. To this end, different lengths of the secondary branches of perennial branches were mowed at the end of March before sprouting. The four treatments were no mowing (M0) and mowing 1/3, 2/3, and the entire length of the secondary branches of perennial branches (M1-M3, respectively). Next, to evaluate the compensatory growth after mowing, new assimilate branches' related traits were recorded every 30 days, and the final biomass was recorded. The mowed plants showed a greater growth rate of assimilation branches than un-mowed plants. Additionally, with the increasing mowing degree, the growth rate and the final biomass of assimilation branches showed a decreasing trend, with the greatest growth rate and final biomass in response to M1. To evaluate the mechanism of the compensatory growth after mowing, a combination of dynamic (0, 1, 5, and 8 days after mowing) plant hormone-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics was performed for the M0 and M1 treatment. Overall, 26 plant hormone metabolites were detected, 6 of which significantly increased after mowing compared with control: Indole-3-acetyl-L-valine methyl ester, Indole-3-carboxylic acid, Indole-3-carboxaldehyde, Gibberellin A24, Gibberellin A4, and cis (+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. Additionally, 2,402 differentially expressed genes were detected between the mowed plants and controls. By combining clustering analysis based on expression trends after mowing and gene ontology analysis of each cluster, 18 genes related to auxin metabolism were identified, 6 of which were significantly related to auxin synthesis. Our findings suggest that appropriate mowing can promote A. aphylla growth, regulated by the auxin metabolic pathway, and lays the foundation for the development of the industrial value of A. aphylla.

JS-K activates G2/M checkpoints through the DNA damage response and induces autophagy via CAMKKß/AMPKα/mTOR pathway in bladder cancer cells.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of JS-K, a nitric oxide donor prodrug, on DNA damage and autophagy in bladder cancer (BCa) cells and to explore the potential related mechanisms. Through detecting proliferation viability, cell morphology observation and colony formation assay low concentrations of JS-K significantly inhibited BCa growth while having no effect on normal cells. JS-K induced an increase in the level of DNA damage protein γH2AX and a decrease in the level of DNA damage repair-related proteins PCNA and RAD51 in BCa cells, indicating that JS-K can induce DNA damage in BCa cells and inhibit DNA damage repair. JS-K induced G2/M phase block and calcium overload using flow cytometry analysis. Moreover, we also investigated the levels of cell G2/M cycle checkpoint-related protein and autophagy-associated protein by western blot. The results of our study demonstrated that JS-K induced BCa cells G2/M phase arrest due to upregulating proteins related to DNA damage-related G2/M checkpoint activation (p-ATM, p-ATR, p-Chk1, p-Chk2, and p-Cdc2) and down-regulation of Cyclin B1 protein. In addition, our study demonstrated that JS-K-induced autophagy in BCa cells was related to the CAMKKß/AMPKα/mTOR pathway.

Hyper-accuracy three-dimensional reconstruction as a tool for better planning of retroperitoneal liposarcoma resection: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Well-differentiated liposarcoma is the second most common pathologic type of retroperitoneal sarcoma. It is characterized by a huge mass, but multiple organ invasions are common. Surgery is the only treatment option for potential cure. Hyper-accuracy three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is widely used in robotic partly nephrectomy owing to its ability to visualize overlapping anatomy. CASE SUMMARY: A 54-year-old man was admitted for progressive abdominal distension over the preceding 2 mo. Computed tomography revealed a 32 cm × 21 cm × 12 cm lipomatous mass. Hyper-accuracy 3D reconstruction was performed because of the complex relationship between the mass and nearby tissue. The patient underwent surgical resection, and the tumor did not recur for over 16 mo. CONCLUSION: Hyper-accuracy 3D reconstruction is useful for operative planning owing to its intuitiveness and precise determination of anatomical structures in both tumors and nearby tissues.

Circ-APBB1IP as a Prognostic Biomarker Promotes Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression Through The ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway.

Circular RNA (circRNA), a member of non-coding RNA, plays an essential regulatory role in many human physiological and pathological processes; however, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) still unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanisms of circRNA on ccRCC progression. A human circRNA microarray was used to discover differential expression circRNA, and a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the expression of circRNA. The function and mechanism of circRNA were explored by cell transfection, cell counting kit-8, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) Annexin V apoptosis detection, wound healing, transwell, and western blot. The result indicated that circ-APBB1IP was significantly up-regulated in ccRCC. In vitro, knockdown of circ-APBB1IP by siRNA suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion and increased the apoptosis of ccRCC cells. Further study found that knockdown of circ-APBB1IP up-regulated protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-7, cleaved caspase-8, cleaved caspase-9, Bax, Bad, Bak, E-cadherin and down-regulated expression of Bcl-2, N-cadherin, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-ERK1/2. Our result indicates that circ-APBB1IP has a vital function in ccRCC tumorigenesis. These findings suggest that circ-APBB1IP represents a novel potential biomarker and therapeutic target of ccRCC.