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With the successive development of chemotherapy drugs, good results have been achieved in clinical application. However, myocardial toxicity is the biggest challenge. Anthracyclines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and platinum drugs are widely used. Targeted drug delivery, nanomaterials and dynamic imaging evaluation are all emerging research directions. This article reviews the recent literature on the use of targeted nanodrug delivery and imaging techniques to evaluate the myocardial toxicity of antineoplastic drugs, and discusses the potential mechanisms.
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Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), mainly triggered by vascular occlusion or thrombosis, is the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality among all cardiovascular diseases. The devastating consequences of AMI are further aggravated by the intricate cellular processes involved in inflammation. In the past two decades, many studies have reported that regulatory T cells (Tregs), as the main immunoregulatory cells, play a crucial role in AMI progression. This review offers a comprehensive insight into the intricate relationship between Tregs and AMI development. Moreover, it explores emerging therapeutic strategies that focus on Tregs and their exosomes. Furthermore, we underscore the importance of employing noninvasive in vivo imaging techniques to advance the clinical applications of Tregs-based treatments in AMI. Although further research is essential to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of Tregs, therapies tailored to these cells hold immense potential for the treatment of patients with AMI.
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Infarto del Miocardio , Linfocitos T Reguladores , Humanos , Linfocitos T Reguladores/inmunología , Infarto del Miocardio/inmunología , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Animales , Exosomas/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Typically, the tailorable versatility of biomass aerogels is attributed to the tunable internal molecular structure, providing broad application prospects. Herein, a simple and novel preparation strategy for developing multifunctional dual-network chitosan/itaconic acid (CSI) aerogel with tunability by using freeze-drying and vacuum heat treatment techniques. By regulating the temperature and duration of amidation reaction, electrostatic interactions between chitosan (CS) and itaconic acid (IA) was abstemiously converted into amide bond in frozen aerogel, with IA acting as an efficient in-situ cross-linking agent, which yielded CSI aerogels with different electrostatic/covalent cross-linking ratios. Heat treatment and tuning of the covalent cross-linking degree of CSI aerogel changed their microstructure and density, which led to enhanced performance. For example, the specific modulus of CSI1.5-160 °C-5 h (71.69 ± 2.55 MPa·cm3·g-1) increased by 119 % compared to that of CSI1.5 (32.73 ± 0.718 MPa·cm3·g-1), converting the material from superhydrophilic to hydrophobic (124° ± 3.6°), exhibiting favorable stability and heat transfer performance. In addition, part of -NH3+ of CS was retained in the electrostatic cross-linked network, endowing the aerogel with antibacterial properties. The findings of this study provide insights and a reliable strategy for fabricating biomass aerogel with good comprehensive performance via ingenious structural design and simple regulation methods.
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Quitosano , Amidas , Antibacterianos , BiomasaRESUMEN
Heavy metal contamination from coal mining calls for advanced bioremediation, i.e., using sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) technology. Yet, the interaction of SRB with native soil microbiota during metal sequestration, especially in the presence of plants, remains ambiguous. In this study, we assessed the metal sequestration capabilities, ecological network interactions, and enzymatic functions in soils treated with a predominant SRB consortium, mainly Desulfovibrio (14 OTUs, 42.15%) and Desulfobulbus (7 OTUs, 42.27%), alongside Acacia dealbata (AD) and Pisum sativum (PS) plants. The SRB consortium notably enhanced the immobilization of metals such as Zn, Cu, As, and Pb in soil, with the conversion of metals to residual forms rising from 23.47 to 75.98%. Plant inclusion introduced variability, potentially due to changes in root exudates under metal stress. While AD flourished, PS demonstrated significant enhancement in conjunction with SRB, despite initial challenges. Comprehensive microbial analyses revealed the pivotal role of SRB in influencing microbial networking, underpinning critical ecological links. This interplay between plants and SRB not only enhanced microbial diversity but also enriched soil nutrients. Further, enzymatic assessments, highlighting enzymes like NADH:ubiquinone reductase and non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase, reinforced contribution of SRB to energy metabolism and environmental resilience of the entire soil microbial community. Overall, this research underscores the potential of SRB-driven bioremediation in revitalizing soils affected by coal mining.
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The construction and coal industries generate substantial industrial waste, including coal gangue and construction and demolition (C&D) waste, leading to environmental pollution and high disposal costs. Integrating recycled aggregates (RAs) and coal gangue powder (CGP) into concrete is an effective approach for waste management. However, CGP can affect the performance of traditional recycled concrete. This study primarily aims to optimize the utilization of RAs and CGP while maintaining concrete performance. They utilized orthogonal experimental designs and microscopic characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Orthogonal experimental analysis indicated that with a water-cement ratio (WCR) of 0.5 and replacement rates of 10% for CGP and 60% for RA, compressive and splitting tensile strengths reached 73.6% and 77.4% of ordinary C30 concrete, respectively. This mix proportion minimizes strength decline in coal gangue powder-recycled aggregate concrete (CGP-RAC) while maximizing recycled material replacement. Microscopic analysis revealed that CGP increased the Ca/Si ratio in cement paste, impeding hydration reactions, resulting in a looser internal structure and reduced concrete strength. These findings are anticipated to provide fresh theoretical insights for solid waste recycling and utilization.
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The heavy metal contamination of water systems has become a major environmental concern worldwide. Photocatalysis using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has emerged as a promising approach for heavy metal remediation, owing to the ability of MOFs to fully degrade contaminants through redox reactions that are driven by photogenerated charge carriers. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent developments in MOF-based photocatalysts for removing and decontaminating heavy metals from water. The tunable nature of MOFs allows the rational design of composition and features to enhance light harvesting, charge separation, pollutant absorptivity, and photocatalytic activities. Key strategies employed include metal coordination tuning, organic ligand functionalization, heteroatom doping, plasmonic nanoparticle incorporation, defect engineering, and morphology control. The mechanisms involved in the interactions between MOF photocatalysts and heavy metal contaminants are discussed, including light absorption, charge carrier separation, metal ion adsorption, and photocatalytic redox reactions. The review highlights diverse applications of MOF photocatalysts in treating heavy metals such as lead, mercury, chromium, cadmium, silver, arsenic, nickel, etc. in water remediation. Kinetic modeling provides vital insights into the complex interplay between coupled processes such as adsorption and photocatalytic degradation that influence treatment efficiency. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is also crucial for evaluating the sustainability of MOF-based technologies. By elucidating the latest advances, current challenges, and future opportunities, this review provides insights into the potential of MOF-based photocatalysts as a sustainable technology for addressing the critical issue of heavy metal pollution in water systems. Ongoing efforts are needed to address the issues of stability, recyclability, scalable synthesis, and practical reactor engineering.
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BACKGROUND: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal genetic muscle-wasting disease that affects 1 in 5000 male births with no current cure. Despite great progress has been made in the research of DMD, its underlying pathological mechanism based on the metabolomics is still worthy of further study. Therefore, it is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms or pathogenesis underlying DMD, which may reveal potential therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers. RESULTS: Plasma samples from 42 patients with DMD from a natural history study and 40 age-matched healthy volunteers were subjected to a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based non-targeted metabolomics approach. Acquired metabolic data were evaluated by principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and metabolic pathway analysis to explore distinctive metabolic patterns in patients with DMD. Differentially expressed metabolites were identified using publicly available and integrated databases. By comparing the DMD and healthy control groups, 25 differential metabolites were detected, including amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, carnitine, lipids, and metabolites related to the gut microbiota. Correspondingly, linoleic acid metabolism, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism were significantly altered in patients with DMD, compared with those of healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated the abnormal metabolism of amino acids, energy, and lipids in patients with DMD, consistent with pathological features, such as recurrent muscle necrosis and regeneration, interstitial fibrosis, and fat replacement. Additionally, we found that metabolites of intestinal flora were disordered in DMD patients, providing support for treatment of intestinal microbia disturbance in DMD diseases. Our study provides a new research strategy for understanding the pathogenesis of DMD.
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Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne , Humanos , Masculino , Metabolómica , Aminoácidos , Carnitina , LípidosRESUMEN
Gaseous thallium (Tl) pollution events, primarily caused by non-ferrous mineral refineries and fossil fuel combustion, have increased over the past few decades. To prevent gaseous Tl distribution from flue gas, MnO2/CeO2@HKUST-1 (MCH) was synthesized and found to achieve a gaseous Tl(I) removal level of up to 90% at 423 K, a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 2000 h-1/mL with an Mn dose of 10%, maintained over 10 h. The best Mn/Ce ratio was found to be 9:1. To further investigate surface kinetic behavior, four commonly used kinetic models were applied, including the Eley-Rideal (ER) model, Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH) model, Mars-van Krevelen (MVK) model, and pseudo-first-order (PFO) model. While the ER and LH models had the slightest deviation, the MVK model was the most reliable. The CatMAP software was also used to match the simulation deviation. This work demonstrated the Tl removal mechanism and provided insights into the accuracy of kinetic models on minor-radius heavy metal. Thus, this research may help promote the design of reactors, heavy metal removal rates, and flue gas purification technology selection.
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OBJECTIVES: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has a cardiovascular protective effect by preventing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation. However, it is unclear at what point the agent should be administered to achieve the optimal effect. In this study, we aimed to determine whether administering the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide during the earlier stages would more efficiently inhibit AAA progression in mice. METHODS: Depending on the group, mice were given a daily dose of 300 µg/kg liraglutide for 28 days at 7, 14, and 28 days after aneurysm induction. The morphology of the abdominal aorta was monitored using 7.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during the administration of liraglutide. After 28 days of administration, the AAA dilatation ratio was calculated, and histopathological examination was performed. Oxidative stress levels were evaluated by the expression of malondialdehyde (MDA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The inflammatory response was also evaluated. RESULTS: Liraglutide treatment led to a decrease in AAA formation, including a reduction in abdominal aorta expansion, elastin degradation in the elastic laminae, and vascular inflammation caused by leukocyte infiltration. The expression of MDA and the activity of MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-9) also decreased. Notably, administering liraglutide during the early stages resulted in a significant reduction in the dilatation rate of the aortic wall, as well as in MDA expression, leukocyte infiltration, and MMP activity in the vascular wall. CONCLUSIONS: The GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide was found to inhibit AAA progression in mice by exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, particularly during the early stages of AAA formation. Therefore, liraglutide may represent a potential pharmacological target for the treatment of AAA.
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) in patients in China and identify the cure rate of hypertension after angioplasty. METHODS: Consecutive hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis caused by FMD who underwent catheter-based angiography, and were followed at two Chinese referral centres, were retrospectively analysed. All patients underwent a detailed investigation, including demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, biochemical sampling, Doppler ultrasonography of carotid arteries, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the intracranial artery, and CTA or MRA of the abdominal artery and catheter-based renal angiography. Patients were routinely followed up at 1âmonth, 6âmonths and every year after the procedure. RESULTS: Among 245 study participants, with a mean diagnosed age of 26.9â±â9.9âyears, 137 (55.9%) were women, and 38 (15.5%) were children. All patients were diagnosed with hypertension at a mean age of 23.4â±â8.4âyears. There were 73.5% focal and 15.2% multivessel cases. Aneurysms, arterial dissections and total occlusions were found in 21.6, 4.1 and 12.2% of patients, respectively. Patients with multifocal FMD were older (26.0 vs. 23.7âyears, P â=â0.021) and more often female (70.8 vs. 50.6%, P â=â0.004). Among children with renal FMD, 55.2% were men, and 86.8% were focal. After a median follow-up of 7.0âyears, multifocal FMD had a higher cure rate of hypertension than focal FMD after revascularization (71.7 vs. 55.8%, P â=â0.032). CONCLUSION: In a cohort of mostly young Chinese patients, the prevalence of hypertension associated with renal FMD is similar in both sexes. Focal FMDs were more frequent than the multifocal ones and, after angioplasty, were associated with a worse blood pressure outcome.
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Displasia Fibromuscular , Hipertensión Renovascular , Hipertensión , Obstrucción de la Arteria Renal , Masculino , Niño , Humanos , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Hipertensión Renovascular/epidemiología , Hipertensión Renovascular/etiología , Displasia Fibromuscular/complicaciones , Displasia Fibromuscular/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Angiografía por Resonancia Magnética/efectos adversos , Obstrucción de la Arteria Renal/complicaciones , Obstrucción de la Arteria Renal/diagnóstico por imagen , Obstrucción de la Arteria Renal/epidemiología , Arterias CarótidasRESUMEN
To date, few study has defined the exact role or utility of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in the diagnosis and treatment of renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). We investigated whether using an IVUS would provide additional insights in the hypertensive patients with focal renal artery FMD. A prospective, observational study, including all patients with focal renal artery FMD admitted to the Ruijin hospital during 6 consecutive years (2015-2021). Based on IVUS imaging, focal FMD patients were classified as two subtypes: intima-media thickening (IMT) and negative remodeling (NR) of the whole vessel. A total of 36 consecutive patients (24 ± 7, 13-39 years) with focal renal artery FMD were enrolled. Angiographic unifocal type was present in 22 (61.1%) patients and tubular type was present in 14 (38.9%) patients. Among 22 patients with unifocal, IVUS showed that 18 (81.8%) had IMT and 4 (18.2%) had NR. 14 patients with tubular, IVUS showed 3 (21.4%) had IMT and 11 (78.6%) had NR. No difference in age of onset, gender, BMI, initial BP levels were found between IMT and NR subtypes. However, hypertension cure rates of short-term (48 h after angioplasty) (76.2% vs. 26.7%, p = 0.004) and long-term (1-6years) (90.5% vs. 20.0%, p < 0.001) were higher in patients with IMT than in those with NR subtype. In present study, we described a new classification of focal renal artery FMD into IMT or NR subtype based on IVUS. Renal FMD Patients with IMT subtype were more likely to achieve cure of hypertension. We investigated whether using an IVUS would provide additional insights in the hypertensive patients with focal renal artery FMD. A new classification of focal renal artery FMD into IMT or NR subtype based on IVUS was described. Renal FMD Patients with IMT subtype were more likely to achieve cure of hypertension.
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Displasia Fibromuscular , Hipertensión , Humanos , Arteria Renal/diagnóstico por imagen , Displasia Fibromuscular/complicaciones , Displasia Fibromuscular/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios Prospectivos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Hipertensión/diagnóstico por imagen , Ultrasonografía IntervencionalRESUMEN
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are closely associated with the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and can be regarded as one of its early biomarkers. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is emerging as a powerful tool for the detection of cardiac abnormalities, but the sensitive and direct ROS-response MRI probe remains to be developed. This restricts the early diagnosis of DCM and prevents timely clinical interventions, resulting in serious and irreversible pathophysiological abnormalities. Herein, a novel ROS-response contrast-enhanced MRI nanoprobe (RCMN) is developed by multi-functionalizing fluorinated carbon nanosheets (FCNs) with multi-hydroxyl and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl groups. RCMNs capture ROS and then gather in the heart provisionally, which triggers MRI signal changes to realize the in vivo detection of ROS. In contrast to the clinical MRI agents, the cardiac abnormalities of disease mice is detected 8 weeks in advance with the assistance of RCMNs, which greatly advances the diagnostic window of DCM. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first ROS-response metal-free T2 -weighted MRI probe for the early diagnosis of DCM mice model. Furthermore, RCMNs can timely scavenge excessively produced ROS to alleviate oxidative stress.
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Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Cardiomiopatías Diabéticas , Ratones , Animales , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Cardiomiopatías Diabéticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Cardiomiopatías Diabéticas/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/complicaciones , Estrés Oxidativo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Diagnóstico PrecozRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Collateral growth plays an important role in the recovery of acute myocardial infarction. C1q/TNF-related protein-2 (CTRP2), a CTRP family member, showed some protective effects on cell survival. In this study, the relationship between CTRP2 and collateral growth was examined. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were subjected to myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R), and the expression of CTRP2 and the effect of CTRP2 on infarction size, cardiac function and angiogenesis were examined. The ischaemic hindlimb model was also used to examine the effect of CTRP2. In vitro, CTRP2-mediated regulation of angiogenesis, AKT activation and VEGFR2 expression in endothelial cells was examined. The CTRP2 level associated with good collateral growth was observed in a cohort. RESULTS: I/R reduced CTRP2 expression, and intraperitoneal injection of recombinant CTRP2 protein improved infarction size, cardiac function and angiogenesis. Overexpression of CTRP2 promoted blood refusion and collateral growth in ischaemic hindlimb mice. In vitro, CTRP2 enhanced tube formation and migration in a dose-dependent manner, while CTRP2 increased AKT phosphorylation and VEGFR2 expression. In an observational clinical cohort, CTRP2 levels were significantly increased in patients with good collateral growth, and CTRP2 was negatively associated with poor collateral growth in patients. CONCLUSION: CTRP2 improved cardiac function by promoting collateral growth by promoting AKT-VEGFR2.
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Complemento C1q , Infarto del Miocardio , Animales , Ratones , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Isquemia , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Infarto del Miocardio/prevención & control , Neovascularización Patológica , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , ReperfusiónRESUMEN
Two-dimensional ferromagnetic (FM) half-metals are promising candidates for advanced spintronic devices with small size and high capacity. Motivated by a recent report on controlling the synthesis of FM Cr3Te4 nanosheets, herein, to explore their potential application in spintronics, we designed spintronic devices based on Cr3X4 (X = Se, Te) monolayers and investigated their spin transport properties. We found that the Cr3Te4 monolayer based device shows spin filtering and a dual-spin diode effect when applying a bias voltage, while the Cr3Se4 monolayer is an excellent platform to realize a spin valve. These different transport properties are primarily ascribed to the semiconducting spin channel, which is close to and away from the Fermi level in Cr3Te4 and Cr3Se4 monolayers, respectively. Interestingly, the current in the Cr3Se4 monolayer based device also displays a negative differential resistance effect (NDRE) and a high magnetoresistance ratio (up to 2 × 103). Moreover, we found a thermally induced spin filtering effect and a NDRE at the Cr3Se4 junction under a temperature gradient instead of a bias voltage. These theoretical findings highlight the potential of Cr3X4 (X = Se, Te) monolayers in spintronic applications and put forward realistic materials to realize nanoscale spintronic devices.
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Introduction: Free radicals in oxidative stress are known to play a pathogenic role in sepsis. A major clinical challenge associated with sepsis is sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). The rapid increase of free radicals in the brain promotes SAE progression. Here, macromolecule free radicals in the mouse brain were uniquely detected by immunospin trapping (IST) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: The new strategy uses spin trapping agent DEPMPO-biotin to capture macromolecule free radicals in lesions and form biotin-DEPMPO-radical adducts. Then, a targeting MRI probe, avidin-BSA@Gd-ESIO, was used to detect the radical adducts through the highly specific binding of avidin and biotin. The avidin-BSA@Gd-ESIO probe was synthesized and systematically characterized. The detection capability of the new strategy was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using a confocal microscope and a 7T MRI, respectively. Results: In reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced microglial cells, the accumulation of the avidin-BSA@Gd-ESIO probe in the DEPMPO-biotin-treated group was significantly higher than that of control groups. In vivo MRI T1 signal intensities were significantly higher within the hippocampus, striatum, and medial cortex of the brain in mice with a mild or severe degree of sepsis compared with the sham control group. Histological analysis validated that the distribution of the avidin-BSA@Gd-ESIO probe in brain tissue slices was consistent with the MRI images. The fluorescence signals of ROS and avidin-BSA@Gd-ESIO probe were overlapped and visualized using immunofluorescent staining. By evaluating the T1 signal changes over time in different areas of the brain, we estimated the optimal MRI detection time to be 30 minutes after the probe administration. Discussion: This method can be applied specifically to assess the level of macromolecular free radicals in vivo in a simple and stable manner, providing a pathway for a more comprehensive understanding of the role of free radicals in SAE.
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Encefalopatía Asociada a la Sepsis , Sepsis , Animales , Avidina , Biotina , Radicales Libres/química , Sustancias Macromoleculares , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Ratones , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Sepsis/complicaciones , Sepsis/diagnóstico por imagen , Detección de Spin/métodosRESUMEN
Natural ventilation is considered the first suggestion for COVID-19 prevention in buildings by the World Health Organization (WHO). Solar chimney's viability in aged care centers or similar facilities was analyzed numerically and theoretically. A new solar chimney design was proposed to reduce the cross-infection risk of COVID-19 based on an airflow path through window, ceiling vent, attic, and then chimney cavity. Solar chimney performance, quantified by the natural ventilation rate, presented power function with window area, ceiling vent area, cavity height, and solar radiation. The ceiling vent is suggested to be closer to the corridor to enhance the performance and ventilation coverage of the room. A cavity gap of 1.0 m is recommended to balance the ventilation performance and construction cost. A theoretical model was also developed for aged care centers with multiple rooms and a joint attic. Its predictions obey reasonably well with the numerical results. Solar chimney's viability in aged care center is confirmed as a 7.22 air change per hour (ACH) ventilation can be achieved even under a low solar radiation intensity of 200 W/m2, where its performance fulfills the minimal ventilation requirement (i.e., 6 ACH) suggested by the WHO for airborne infection isolation rooms. This study offers a new design and a guideline for the future implementation of solar chimney in aged care centers or similar facilities.
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BACKGROUND The Frosch approach is a posterolateral surgical procedure performed with or without osteotomy of the fibula for the treatment of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures (PLFs). This retrospective study from a single center aimed to evaluate 23 patients with PLFs who underwent surgical reduction with the Frosch approach between January 2017 and October 2019. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-three patients, 4 with Schatzker type V and 19 with Schatzker type II fractures were enrolled. Postoperative radiographs were performed regularly to measure the medial proximal tibial angle (MTPA), lateral posterior slope angle (LPSA), medial posterior slope angle (MPSA), and articular step-off to evaluate the fracture reduction. At the last follow-up, the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score and knee range of motion (ROM) were used to assess knee function. RESULTS Radiograph examinations indicated excellent reduction and fixation of fractures in all patients. The average HSS scores and ROM of the 23 patients were 88.0±3.5 and 131.8±7.8°, respectively, with an average of 30.5±4.6 months of follow-up. Skin numbness occurred in 3 patients but was recovered within 6 months. One patient sustained superficial wound infection, and another patient had superficial adipose tissue liquefaction necrosis. CONCLUSIONS This experience from a single center demonstrated the advantage of the Frosch approach in visualizing the posterolateral and lateral tibial plateau from a single surgical incision and resulted in excellent postoperative outcomes at follow-up when evaluated by the HSS score, ROM, and radiographic evaluation of the MTPA, LPSA, and MPSA.
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Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Fracturas de la Tibia , Placas Óseas , Peroné/cirugía , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fracturas de la Tibia/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas de la Tibia/cirugíaRESUMEN
Endothelia progenitor cell (EPC)-based revascularization therapies have shown promise for the treatment of myocardial ischemic injury. However, applications and efficacy are limited by the relatively inefficient recruitment of endogenous EPCs to the ischemic area, while implantation of exogenous EPCs carries the risk of tumorigenicity. In this study, we developed a therapeutic protocol that relies on the capacity of neutrophils (NEs) to target lesions and release preloaded EPC-binding molecules for high efficiency capture. Neutrophils were loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to an antibody against the EPC surface marker CD34 (SPIO-antiCD34/NEs), and the therapeutic efficacy in ischemic mouse heart following SPIO-antiCD34/NEs injection was monitored by SPIO-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These SPIO-antiCD34/NEs exhibited unimpaired cell viability, superoxide generation, and chemotaxis in vitro as well as satisfactory biocompatibility in vivo. In a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction (MI), SPIO-antiCD34 accumulation could be observed 0.5 h after intravenous injection of SPIO-antiCD34/NEs. Moreover, the degree of CD133+ EPC accumulation at MI sites was three-fold higher than in control MI model mice, while ensuing microvessel density was roughly two-fold higher than controls and left ventricular ejection fraction was > 50%. Therapeutic cell biodistribution, MI site targeting, and treatment effects were confirmed by SPIO-enhanced MRI. This study offers a new strategy to improve the endogenous EPC-based myocardial ischemic injury repair through NEs mediated SPIO nanoparticle conjugated CD34 antibody delivery and imaging. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The efficacy of endogenous endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-based cardiovascular repair therapy for ischemic heart damage is limited by relatively low EPC accumulation at the target site. We have developed a method to improve EPC capture by exploiting the strong targeting ability of neutrophils (NEs) to ischemic inflammatory foci and the capacity of these treated cells to release of preloaded cargo with EPC-binding affinity. Briefly, NEs were loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to an antibody against the EPC surface protein CD34 (SPIO-antiCD34). Thus, we explored sites targeting with nanocomposites cargo for non-invasive EPCs interception and therapy tracking. We demonstrate that SPIO-antiCD34 released from NEs can effectively capture endogenous EPCs and thereby promote heart revascularization and functional recovery in mice. Moreover, the entire process can be monitored by SPIO-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging including therapeutic cell biodistribution, myocardial infarction site targeting, and tissue repair.
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Células Progenitoras Endoteliales , Lesiones Cardíacas , Infarto del Miocardio , Nanopartículas , Animales , Anticuerpos/metabolismo , Anticuerpos/farmacología , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Compuestos Férricos , Lesiones Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagen , Lesiones Cardíacas/metabolismo , Lesiones Cardíacas/terapia , Ratones , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio/metabolismo , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Volumen Sistólico , Distribución Tisular , Función Ventricular IzquierdaRESUMEN
Calcium sulfate hemihydrate whiskers (CSHW), a multi-functional and high value-added building material, were prepared with flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum by hydrothermal method, which could be a reasonable disposal of FGD gypsum. In order to obtain CSHW of a high aspect ratio, a series of manufacturing parameters such as reaction temperature, stirring speed, material-water ratio, and reaction time were investigated. The effect of stabilizing treatment and glycerol concentration on CSHW morphology were also studied by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and statistical analysis. The results showed that the optimum preparing conditions of reaction temperature, stirring speed, water-material ratio, and reaction time were 160 °C, 200~300 rpm, 11:1 and 1 h, respectively. Furthermore, stabilizing treatment with octodecyl betaine was necessary for the preparation of CSHW. The final prepared whiskers had smooth surface, uniform morphology, a diameter of 260 nm, and a corresponding aspect ratio of 208.2. Moreover, the addition of glycerol reduced the activity of water, contributing to a lower reaction temperature and much smaller diameter.
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Background: Myocardial injury may be caused by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and salvaging such an injury is still a great challenge in clinical practice. This study comprehensively characterized the physiopathologic changes of myocardial injury after IR to explore the underlying mechanism in the early reperfusion phase with particular emphasis on early myocardial inflammation. Methods and Results: The experimental IR model was obtained by the left anterior descending artery's transient ligation of C57BL/6 mice. T2W signals of all mice showed increased signal at different IR stages. It was positively correlated with inflammatory cytokines and cells. T2W imaging by 7.0 T MRI surprisingly detected signal enhancement, but histopathology and flow cytometry did not reveal any inflammatory cells infiltration within 3 h after IR. Cardiomyocyte swelling and increased vascular permeability were observed by WGA staining and ultrastructural analysis, respectively. The 3 h IR group showed that the cardiomyocytes were severely affected with disintegrating myofilaments and mitochondria. Both VEGF and phosphorylated Src protein were markedly expressed in the 3 h IR group in comparison with the sham group, and TUNEL staining displayed little positive cells. Cleaved caspase-3 apoptin also has similar expression levels with that of the sham group. Resident macrophages had notably become M1 phenotype. The T2W signal was still elevated, and we observed that collagen deposition occurred from 1 to 7 days. Conclusions: The inflammation response during the first week after reperfusion injury gradually increase 3 h later, but the main manifestation before that was edema. This study indicated that the first 3 h may be crucial to the early rescue process for reperfusion-induced myocardial injury due to inflammatory cell infiltration absence and apoptosis.