Complete genome sequence of Bifidobacterium animalis B01.

Bifidobacterium, a class of strictly anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, existed mainly in the gut of humans and many mammals. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Bifidobacterium animalis B01, whose genome length is 1,935,423 bp with a GC content of 60.49%.

Complete genome sequence of Enterococcus faecalis B05.

Enterococcus faecalis, a gram-positive bacterium, is the main intestinal bacteria in humans and animals. We report here the complete genome sequence of E. faecalis B05, whose genome length is 2,745,741 bp, containing 2,503 protein-coding genes, with a GC content of 37.64%.

Complete genome sequence of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei A02.

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, a facultative anaerobic gram-positive bacterium, is commonly found in the gut of humans and animals, as well as in dairy products and plant ferments. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of L. paracasei A02, whose total genome length is 3,038,472 bp, with a GC content of 46.41%.

DNMT1 regulates human erythropoiesis by modulating cell cycle and endoplasmic reticulum stress in a stage-specific manner.

The dynamic balance of DNA methylation and demethylation is required for erythropoiesis. Our previous transcriptomic analyses revealed that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is abundantly expressed in erythroid cells at all developmental stages. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of DNMT1 in human erythropoiesis remain unknown. Here we found that DNMT1 deficiency led to cell cycle arrest of erythroid progenitors which was partially rescued by treatment with a p21 inhibitor UC2288. Mechanically, this is due to decreased DNA methylation of p21 promoter, leading to upregulation of p21 expression. In contrast, DNMT1 deficiency led to increased apoptosis during terminal stage by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in a p21 independent manner. ER stress was attributed to the upregulation of RPL15 expression due to the decreased DNA methylation at RPL15 promoter. The upregulated RPL15 expression subsequently caused a significant upregulation of core ribosomal proteins (RPs) and thus ultimately activated all branches of unfolded protein response (UPR) leading to the excessive ER stress, suggesting a role of DNMT1 in maintaining protein homeostasis during terminal erythroid differentiation. Furthermore, the increased apoptosis was significantly rescued by the treatment of ER stress inhibitor TUDCA. Our findings demonstrate the stage-specific role of DNMT1 in regulating human erythropoiesis and provide new insights into regulation of human erythropoiesis.

Unraveling the metabolic potential of biocontrol fungi through omics data: a key to enhancing large-scaleapplication strategies.

Biological control of pests and pathogens has attracted much attention due to its green, safe and effective characteristics. However, it faces the dilemma of insignificant effects in large-scale applications. Therefore, an in-depth exploration of the metabolic potential of biocontrol fungi based on big omics data is crucial for a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the specific modes of action operated by various biocontrol fungi. This article analyzes the preferences for extracellular carbon and nitrogen source degradation, secondary metabolites (nonribosomal peptides, polyketide synthases) and their product characteristics and the conversion relationship between extracellular primary metabolism and intracellular secondary metabolism for eight different filamentous fungi with characteristics appropriate for the biological control of bacterial pathogens and phytopathogenic nematodes. Further clarification is provided that Paecilomyces lilacinus, encoding a large number of hydrolase enzymes capable of degrading pathogen protection barrier, can be directly applied in the field as a predatory biocontrol fungus, whereas Trichoderma, as an antibiosis-active biocontrol control fungus, can form dominant strains on preferred substrates and produce a large number of secondary metabolites to achieve antibacterial effects. By clarifying the levels of biological control achievable by different biocontrol fungi, we provide a theoretical foundation for their application to cropping habitats.

Complete genome sequence of Bacillus cereus A01.

Bacillus cereus, a class of facultative aerobic gram-positive bacteria, is frequently isolated from soil, growing plants, and the intestinal tract of insects and mammals. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of B. cereus A01, whose total genome length is 6,097,808 bp, with a GC content of 34.92%.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Relation to Health Behaviour Patterns among Canadian Children.

Poor health behaviours in childhood, including sedentary behaviour, low physical activity levels, inadequate sleep, and unhealthy diet, are established risk factors for both chronic diseases and mental illness. Scant studies have examined the importance of such health behaviour patterns for health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to examine the association of health behaviour patterns with HRQoL among Canadian children. Data from 2866 grade five students were collected through a provincially representative school-based survey of the 2014 Raising Healthy Eating and Active Living Kids in Alberta study. Latent class analysis was used to identify health behaviour patterns based on 11 lifestyle behaviours: sedentary behaviour (using a computer, playing video games, watching TV), physical activity (with and without a coach), sleep (bedtime on weekdays and weekends), and diet (fruit and vegetables intake, grain products, milk and alternatives, meat and alternatives). Multivariable multilevel logistic regression was applied to examine the associations of health behaviour patterns with HRQoL. Three groupings with distinct health behaviour patterns were identified: the first grouping (55%) is characterized by relatively healthy levels of sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sleep, but a less healthy diet ("activity-focused" group). The second grouping (24%) is characterized by a relatively healthy diet, but moderately healthy levels of sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sleep ("diet-focused" group). The third grouping (21%) is characterized by mostly unhealthy behaviours ("not health-focused" group). Students in the third and second groupings ("not health-focused" and "diet-focused") were more likely to report lower HRQoL relative to students in the first grouping ("activity-focused"). The findings suggest that health promotion strategies may be more effective when considering the patterns of health behaviours as distinct targets in the efforts to improve HRQoL. Future research should include prospective observational and intervention studies to further elucidate the relationship between health behaviour patterns and HRQoL among children.

Engineering the Relatively Conserved Residues in Active Site Architecture of Thermophilic Chitinase SsChi18A Enhanced Catalytic Activity.

Chitinase plays a vital role in the efficient biotransformation of the chitin substrate. This study aimed to modify and elucidate the contribution of the relatively conserved residues in the active site architecture of a thermophilic chitinase SsChi18A from Streptomyces sp. F-3 in processive catalysis. The enzymatic activity on colloidal chitin increased to 151%, 135%, and 129% in variants Y286W, E287A, and K186A compared with the wild type (WT). Also, the apparent processive parameter G2/G1 was lower in the variants compared to the WT, indicating the essential role of Tyr-286, Glu-287, and Lys-186 in processive catalysis. Additionally, the enzymatic activity on the crystalline chitin of F48W and double mutants F48W/Y209F and F48W/Y286W increased by 35%, 16%, and 36% compared with that for WT. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the driving force of processive catalysis might be related to the changes in interaction energy. This study provided a rational design strategy targeting relatively conserved residues to enhance the catalytic activity of GH18 processive chitinases.

Evaluating the effects of S-ketamine on postoperative delirium in elderly patients following total hip or knee arthroplasty under intraspinal anesthesia: a single-center randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pragmatic study protocol.

Introduction: Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute, transient brain disorder associated with decreased postoperative quality of life, dementia, neurocognitive changes, and mortality. A small number of trials have explored the role of S-ketamine in the treatment of POD due to its neuroprotective effects. Surprisingly, these trials have failed to yield supportive results. However, heterogeneity in delirium assessment methodologies, sample sizes, and outcome settings as well as deficiencies in S-ketamine use methods make the evidence provided by these studies less persuasive. Given the severe impact of POD on the health of elderly patients and the potential for S-ketamine to prevent it, we believe that designing a large sample size, and rigorous randomized controlled trial for further evaluation is necessary. Methods: This is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pragmatic study. Subjects undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to intervention (n = 186) and placebo (n = 186) groups. This trial aims to explore the potential role of S-ketamine in the prevention of POD. Its primary outcome is the incidence of POD within 3 postoperative days. Secondary outcomes include the number of POD episodes, the onset and duration of POD, the severity and subtype of POD, pain scores and opioid consumption, sleep quality, clinical outcomes, and safety outcomes. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first pragmatic study that proposes to use S-ketamine to prevent POD. We reviewed a large body of literature to identify potential preoperative confounding variables that may bias associations between the intervention and primary outcome. We will use advanced statistical methods to correct potential confounding variables, improving the test's power and external validity of test results. Of note, the patient population included in this trial will undergo intraspinal anesthesia. Although large, multicenter, randomized controlled studies have found no considerable difference in the effects of regional and general anesthesia on POD, patients receiving intraspinal anesthesia have less exposure to at-risk drugs, such as sevoflurane, propofol, and benzodiazepines, than patients receiving general anesthesia. At-risk drugs have been shown to negatively interfere with the neuroprotective effects of S-ketamine, which may be the reason for the failure of a large number of previous studies. There is currently a lack of randomized controlled studies evaluating S-ketamine for POD prevention, and our trial helps to fill a gap in this area.Trial registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2300075796.

Traditional national sports' injuries in college students / Lesões esportivas de esportes nacionais tradicionais em estudantes universitários / Lesiones deportivas en deportes nacionales tradicionales en estudiantes universitarios

ABSTRACT Introduction: There are 56 ethnic groups in China. Many ethnic groups have their sports, which can cause sports injuries to the human body. Objective: This paper analyzes the impact of national sports on college students' physical health, investigates the most common sports injuries in college students, and specifies scientifically-based prevention and intervention measures. Methods: 312 college students who regularly participate in various national sporting events at 10 colleges and universities volunteered to investigate common injuries sustained by participating in national sporting activities. The main injury factors were analyzed using statistical methods. Results: The investigation shows that college students' errors of judgment regarding accidents, risky behaviors, and poor sports facilities are the main causes of sports injuries. Injuries are mainly concentrated in the lower limbs and pelvic girdle. Conclusion: College students' participation in national sports activities is conducive to improving their physical and mental health. However, attention to preventing injury factors in the sports process is needed to ensure safe and healthy participation in national sports. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Existem 56 grupos étnicos na China. Muitos grupos étnicos têm os seus próprios esportes, que podem causar lesões esportivas no corpo humano. Objetivo: Este artigo analisa o impacto dos esportes nacionais na saúde física dos estudantes universitários, investiga as lesões esportivas mais comuns nos estudantes universitários praticantes, além de especificar medidas de prevenção e intervenção com embasamento científico. Métodos: 312 estudantes universitários que participam regularmente em vários eventos esportivos nacionais em 10 faculdades e universidades foram voluntários de uma investigação sobre as lesões esportivas comuns sofridas no processo de participação em atividades esportivas nacionais. Analisou-se os principais fatores de lesão utilizando métodos estatísticos. Resultados: A investigação mostra que os erros de julgamento dos estudantes universitários quanto a acidentes, comportamentos de risco e instalações esportivas deficitárias são as principais causas de lesões esportivas. As lesões concentram-se principalmente nos membros inferiores e na cintura pélvica. Conclusão: A participação dos estudantes universitários em atividades esportivas nacionais é propícia à melhoria da sua saúde física e mental, porém é necessária uma atenção quanto à prevenção de fatores de lesão no processo esportivo para garantir uma participação segura e saudável nos esportes nacionais. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: En China hay 56 grupos étnicos. Muchos grupos étnicos tienen sus propios deportes, que pueden causar lesiones deportivas en el cuerpo humano. Objetivo: Este artículo analiza el impacto del deporte nacional en la salud física de los estudiantes universitarios, investiga las lesiones deportivas más comunes en los estudiantes universitarios y especifica las medidas de prevención e intervención con base científica. Métodos: 312 estudiantes universitarios que participan regularmente en diversos eventos deportivos nacionales en 10 colegios y universidades se ofrecieron como voluntarios para una investigación de las lesiones deportivas comunes sufridas en el proceso de participación en actividades deportivas nacionales. Los principales factores de lesión se analizaron mediante métodos estadísticos. Resultados: La investigación demuestra que los errores de apreciación de los estudiantes universitarios en relación con los accidentes, los comportamientos de riesgo y las malas instalaciones deportivas son las principales causas de las lesiones deportivas. Las lesiones se concentran principalmente en los miembros inferiores y la cintura pélvica. Conclusión: La participación de los estudiantes universitarios en actividades deportivas nacionales favorece la mejora de su salud física y mental, pero es necesario prestar atención a la prevención de los factores de lesión en el proceso deportivo para garantizar una participación segura y saludable en los deportes nacionales. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.