RESUMEN
Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a life-threatening infection remaining as one of the most neglected tropical diseases around the world. Despite scientific advances, an accurate diagnosis of VL remains a challenge. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has emerged as a promising diagnostic tool with the possibility of becoming a point-of-care test to guide VL diagnosis and treatment.Areas covered: We conducted a systematic review assessing LAMP systems for diagnosing VL from 2000 to 2019. We performed structured searches in PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science without language restriction. Two reviewers screened articles, completed the data extraction and assessment of the risk of bias. A qualitative summary of the included studies was performed.Expert opinion: LAMP could be used as a screening test for VL diagnosis, so tissue aspiration could be performed only for those who are LAMP negative. We recommend more studies about the performance of the Loopamp™ Leishmania Detection kit and the Brazilian LAMP assay. Thus, we expect in the future the constitution of an international consortium to share experiences, projects, and other LAMP approaches mainly among researchers and institutions located within VL endemic countries.
Asunto(s)
Leishmaniasis Visceral/diagnóstico , Leishmaniasis Visceral/parasitología , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico , Brasil , Humanos , Leishmania , Leishmania donovani/genética , Pruebas en el Punto de Atención , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Snake envenomings are a health problem in rural areas of tropical and subtropical countries, but little is known regarding the immune response presented by bitten individuals. The IgM production of patients bitten by Bothrops erythromelas snake was analyzed to identify the effectiveness of treatment in this type of envenomation. METHODS: Bothrops erythromelas venom was submitted to electrophoresis and transferred to a nitrocellulose sheet, following incubation with patients' sera. RESULTS: A 38 KDa protein was detected before and 24 h after therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The result suggests that this protein could be used as a marker for individuals envenomed by Bothrops. erythromelas.
Asunto(s)
Antivenenos/inmunología , Bothrops , Venenos de Crotálidos/inmunología , Inmunidad Humoral/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina M/biosíntesis , Mordeduras de Serpientes/inmunología , Animales , Antivenenos/administración & dosificación , Western Blotting , Humanos , Mordeduras de Serpientes/tratamiento farmacológico , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Snake envenomings are a health problem in rural areas of tropical and subtropical countries, but little is known regarding the immune response presented by bitten individuals. The IgM production of patients bitten by Bothrops erythromelas snake was analyzed to identify the effectiveness of treatment in this type of envenomation. METHODS: Bothrops erythromelas venom was submitted to electrophoresis and transferred to a nitrocellulose sheet, following incubation with patients' sera. RESULTS: A 38 KDa protein was detected before and 24 h after therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The result suggests that this protein could be used as a marker for individuals envenomed by Bothrops. erythromelas.
INTRODUÇÃO: Envenenamentos ofídicos consistem problema de saúde pública em áreas rurais de países tropicais e subtropicais, mas pouco sabe-se sobre a resposta imune apresentada pelos indivíduos picados, por isso a avaliação da produção de IgM por pacientes picados por Bothrops erythromelas identificando a eficácia do tratamento nesse tipo de envenenamento. MÉTODOS: O veneno de Bothrops erythromelas foi submetido a eletroforese e transferido para nitrocelulose, seguindo incubação com soro de pacientes. RESULTADOS: Foi observada proteína de 38KDa antes e 24 horas após o tratamento. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados sugerem que essa proteína poderia ser utilizada como marcador para indivíduos envenenados pela serpente Bothrops erythromelas.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Humanos , Antivenenos/inmunología , Bothrops , Venenos de Crotálidos/inmunología , Inmunidad Humoral/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina M/biosíntesis , Mordeduras de Serpientes/inmunología , Antivenenos/administración & dosificación , Western Blotting , Mordeduras de Serpientes/tratamiento farmacológico , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Specific IgG and IgM responses to soluble egg antigen (SEA) and keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) were measured by ELISA in patients with acute and chronic schistosomiasis. The tests based upon IgM and IgG antibodies responses to KLH presented the best diagnostic discrimination, and can be used in conjunction with clinical and epidemiological data to the differential diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Helmínticos/sangre , Proteínas del Helminto/sangre , Hemocianinas/inmunología , Schistosoma mansoni/inmunología , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Aguda , Animales , Anticuerpos Antihelmínticos/inmunología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Enfermedad Crónica , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Hemocianinas/análisis , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/sangre , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Specific IgG and IgM responses to soluble egg antigen (SEA) and keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) were measured by ELISA in patients with acute and chronic schistosomiasis. The tests based upon IgM and IgG antibodies responses to KLH presented the best diagnostic discrimination, and can be used in conjunction with clinical and epidemiological data to the differential diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Animales , Antígenos Helmínticos , Schistosoma mansoni , Esquistosomiasis mansoni , Enfermedad Aguda , Anticuerpos Antihelmínticos , Biomarcadores , Enfermedad Crónica , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Inmunoglobulina G , Inmunoglobulina M , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Sm8 is a major tegumental antigen of Schistosoma mansoni. The partial cDNA was isolated and analyzed. Sequence analysis revealed transmembrane compatible hydrophobic domains and a putative leucine zipper pattern. The mRNA and the protein are predominantly expressed in adult worms.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Helmínticos/análisis , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/química , Proteínas del Helminto/química , Schistosoma mansoni/inmunología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Antígenos Helmínticos/genética , Secuencia de Bases , Western Blotting , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/genética , ADN Complementario/análisis , Proteínas del Helminto/genética , Datos de Secuencia MolecularRESUMEN
Sm8 is a major tegumental antigen of Schistosoma mansoni. The partial cDNA was isolated and analyzed. Sequence analysis revealed transmembrane compatible hydrophobic domains and a putative leucine zipper pattern. The mRNA and the protein are predominantly expressed in adult worms
Asunto(s)
Animales , Antígenos Helmínticos , Proteínas del Helminto , Schistosoma mansoni , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Antígenos Helmínticos , Secuencia de Bases , Western Blotting , ADN Complementario , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , ARN de HelmintoRESUMEN
Sm15 and Sm13 are recognized by antibodies from mice protectely vaccinated with tegumental membranes, suggesting a potencial role in protective immunity. In order to raise antibodies for immunochemical investigations, the genes for these antigens were expressed in pGEX and pMAL vectors so that comparisons could be made among different expression systems and different genes. The fusion proteins corresponding to several parts of the gene for the precursor of Sm15 failed in producing antibodies recognizing the parasite counterpart. On the other hand, antibodies raised against Sm13 MBP-fusion proteins recognized the 13 kDa tegumental protein. Thus the peculiarities of the gene of interest are important and the choice of the expression system must sometimes be decided on an impirical basis.
