Asunto(s)
Aterosclerosis/terapia , Colesterol/sangre , Dislipidemias/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Aterosclerosis/prevención & control , Biomarcadores/sangre , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Niño , Ésteres del Colesterol/sangre , Dislipidemias/sangre , Dislipidemias/prevención & control , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Femenino , Ácidos Fíbricos/metabolismo , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/sangre , Hipertrigliceridemia/sangre , Esperanza de Vida , Lipoproteínas/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Triglicéridos/sangreAsunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Aterosclerosis/terapia , Colesterol/sangre , Dislipidemias/terapia , Aterosclerosis/prevención & control , Biomarcadores/sangre , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Ésteres del Colesterol/sangre , Dislipidemias/sangre , Dislipidemias/prevención & control , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Ácidos Fíbricos/metabolismo , Hipercolesterolemia/sangre , Hipertrigliceridemia/sangre , Esperanza de Vida , Lipoproteínas/metabolismo , Factores de Riesgo , Triglicéridos/sangreAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Grasas de la Dieta/efectos adversos , Aterosclerosis/etiología , Aterosclerosis/prevención & control , Biomarcadores/sangre , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Humanos , Factores de RiesgoAsunto(s)
Humanos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Grasas de la Dieta/efectos adversos , Aterosclerosis/etiología , Aterosclerosis/prevención & control , Biomarcadores/sangre , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Factores de RiesgoAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/prevención & control , Promoción de la Salud , Aspirina/uso terapéutico , Brasil , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/prevención & control , Metaanálisis como Asunto , Calidad de Vida , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/diagnóstico , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/terapia , Brasil , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Humanos , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/genética , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/mortalidad , Metabolismo de los Lípidos/fisiología , Necesidades Nutricionales , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the formation of cholesterol oxides (ChOx) as biomarkers of oxidative stress in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes. METHODS: Blood plasma levels of cholesterol oxidation products were determined in the following groups: type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), type 2 diabetes (DM2), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), children without diabetes (C1) and adults without diabetes (C2). The serum levels of cholest-5-ene-3alpha,7alpha-diol (7alpha-hydroxycholesterol, 7alpha-OH), cholest-5-ene-3beta,7beta-diol (7beta-hydroxycholesterol, 7beta-OH), 3beta-hydroxycholest-5-7-one (7-ketocholesterol, 7-K), 5alpha-cholestane-3beta,5,6beta-triol (cholestanetriol), 5,6alpha-epoxy-5alpha-cholestan-3alpha-ol (cholesterol-5alpha,6alpha-epoxide,), 5,6beta-epoxy-5beta-cholestan-3beta-ol (cholesterol-5beta,6beta-epoxide) and cholest-5-eno-3beta,25-diol (25-hydroxycholesterol, 25-OH) (trivial name and abbreviations indicated in parentheses) were quantified by gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. RESULTS: The levels of total ChOx were elevated in the DM1 and DM2 groups compared to age-matched subjects without diabetes (p < 0.05). The concentrations of 7beta-hydroxycholesterol, cholesterol-alpha-epoxide and cholesterol-beta-epoxide were higher in the blood plasma of subjects in the DM2 group than in the blood plasma of subjects in the C2 and IGT groups (p < 0.05). Treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with oral hypoglycemic drugs associated with insulin resulted in lower concentrations of nitrotyrosine in the blood plasma without significant changes in the concentrations of glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Moreover, combination with statins in both treatments decreased the concentrations of ChOx. CONCLUSIONS: ChOx are suitable biomarkers of oxidative stress and may be useful in clinical studies to follow drug effects on lipid oxidative modifications in diabetic patients.
Asunto(s)
Colesterol/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina/uso terapéutico , Biomarcadores , Niño , Colestanoles/sangre , Colesterol/análogos & derivados , Colesterol/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Intolerancia a la Glucosa/sangre , Humanos , Hidroxicolesteroles/sangre , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Insulina/uso terapéutico , Cetocolesteroles/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Background Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the formation of cholesterol oxides (ChOx) as biomarkers of oxidative stress in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes. Methods Blood plasma levels of cholesterol oxidation products were determined in the following groups: type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), type 2 diabetes (DM2), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), children without diabetes (C1) and adults without diabetes (C2). The serum levels of cholest-5-ene-3£/,7£/-diol (7£/-hydroxycholesterol, 7£/-OH), cholest- 5-ene-3£],7£]-diol (7£]-hydroxycholesterol, 7£]-OH), 3£]-hydroxycholest-5-7- one (7-ketocholesterol, 7-K), 5£/-cholestane-3£],5,6£]-triol (cholestanetriol), 5,6£/-epoxy-5£/-cholestan-3£/-ol (cholesterol-5£/,6£/-epoxide,), 5,6£]-epoxy- 5£]-cholestan-3£]-ol (cholesterol-5£],6£]-epoxide) and cholest-5-eno-3£],25-diol (25-hydroxycholesterol, 25-OH) (trivial name and abbreviations indicated in parentheses) were quantified by gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. Results The levels of total ChOx were elevated in the DM1 and DM2 groups compared to age-matched subjects without diabetes (p < 0.05).The concentrations of 7£]-hydroxycholesterol, cholesterol-£/-epoxide and cholesterol-£]-epoxide were higher in the blood plasma of subjects in the DM2 group than in the blood plasma of subjects in the C2 and IGT groups (p < 0.05). Treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with oral hypoglycemic drugs associated with insulin resulted in lower concentrations of nitrotyrosine in the blood plasma without significant changes in the concentrations of glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Moreover, combination with statins in both treatments decreased the concentrations of ChOx.Conclusions ChOx are suitable biomarkers of oxidative stress and may be useful in clinical studies to follow drug effects on lipid oxidative modifications in diabetic patients. Copyright ÆÉ 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
