[Effects of Biochar on Antibiotic Environmental Behaviors in Soil: A Meta-analysis].

Biochar, as a soil amendment for synergizing the reduction of pollution and carbon emissions, shows great potential and future prospects in controlling antibiotic contamination. In order to research the effects of biochar on antibiotic behaviors in soil systematically, a Meta-analysis was conducted based on 20 studies published from 2011 to 2021. The results showed that the adsorption and degradation of antibiotics in the soil were significantly affected by the application rate and property of biochar. A 2% biochar application dose seemed to be the highest effect size (ES) of 0.19 on adsorption, while there was a significant effect (ES=0.23) on the degradation when the application rate was 5%. The specific surface area, polarity, stability, and aromaticity of biochar could increase the partition coefficient significantly, and the ES was 0.11, 0.13, 0.09, and 0.18, respectively, whereas the effects of antibiotic transport on the dose and property of biochar were insignificant. Biochar also indirectly controlled antibiotic behavior by altering the soil environment. However, the response of the coupling mechanism in antibiotic behaviors on biochar application into soil is still unclear. Moreover, the long-term and negative effects of biochar application in the field are still lacking basic data.

LncRNAs and cancer.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs composed of >200 nucleotides. Recent studies have revealed that lncRNAs exert an important role in the development and progression of cancer. In this review, the involvement of the most extensively investigated lncRNAs in cancers of the digestive, respiratory, reproductive, urinary and central nervous systems are discussed. LncRNAs function via molecular and biochemical mechanisms that include cis- and trans-regulation of gene expression, epigenetic modulation in the nucleus and post-transcriptional control in the cytoplasm. Although the detailed biological functions and molecular mechanisms of the majority of lncRNAs remain to be elucidated, this review aims to provide a novel insight into the diagnosis and treatment of cancer using lncRNAs.

Loss of large tumor suppressor 1 promotes growth and metastasis of gastric cancer cells through upregulation of the YAP signaling.

Accumulating evidence shows that large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1) as a novel resident governor of cellular homeostasis is implicated in multiple tumorigenic properties including cell growth, apoptosis and metastasis. However, the contribution of LATS1 to gastric carcinoma (GC) remains unclear. The correlation of LATS1 expression with clinicopathologic characteristics, GC prognosis and recurrence was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, Univariate and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Functional experiments were performed to investigate biological behaviors of GC cells and underlying molecular mechanisms. Tumor growth and metastasis was assessed in vivo using orthotopic implantation GC models in severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice. Consequently, decreased LATS1 expression was significantly associated with the lymph node metastasis, poor prognosis and recurrence. Ectopic expression of LATS1 decreased GC cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and inhibited tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo, but depletion of LATS1 expression restored the invasive phenotype. Further observation indicated that YAP pathway was required for LATS1-induced inhibition of cell growth and invasion, and LATS1 restrained nuclear transfer of YAP, downregulated YAP, PCNA, CTGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, Bcl-2 and CyclinD1 expression and upregulated p-YAP and Bax expression. Our findings suggest that LATS1 is a potential candidate tumor suppressor and inhibits the growth and metastasis of GC cells via downregulation of the YAP signaling.

[A new 6,6a-offbenzophenanthridine alkaloid from Macleaya cordata].

A new alkaloid was isolated from the leaves of Macleaya cordata with 95% ethanol extracted and its isolation was by column chromatography and preparation HPLC. The new structure was elucidated as 6'-hydroxy-2',3'-dimethoxyarnottianamide on the basis of its spectroscopic date.