Streptomyces griseicoloratus sp. nov., isolated from soil in cotton fields in Xinjiang, China.

A novel bacterium of the genus Streptomyces, designated TRM S81-3T, was isolated from soil in cotton fields of Xinjiang, China. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain TRM S81-3T is most closely related to Streptomyces viridiviolaceus NBRC 13359T (98.9% sequence similarity); however, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) between strains TRM S81-3T and S. viridiviolaceus NBRC 13359T is relatively low (91.6%). Strain TRM S81-3T possesses LL-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid, MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6), and MK-9(H10) as the major menaquinones, and polar lipids including diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylmethyl ethanolamine (PME), phosphotidylinositolone (PI), phospholipid of unknown structure containing glucosamine (NPG), and two unidentified phospholipids (PLs).The major fatty acids are iso-C16:0, anteiso-C15:0, anteiso-C17:1 ω9c, anteiso-C17:0, iso-C15:0, and C14:0. The genomic DNA G + C content is 72.1%. Based on the evidence from this polyphasic study, strain TRM S81-3T represents a novel species of Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces grisecoloratus is proposed. The type strain is TRM S81-3T (= CCTCC AA 2020002T = LMG 31942T).

BSR and Full-Length Transcriptome Approaches Identified Candidate Genes for High Seed Ratio in Camellia vietnamensis.

(1) Background: C. vietnamensis is very suitable for growth in the low hilly areas of southern subtropical regions. Under appropriate conditions, the oil yield of C. vietnamensis can reach 1125 kg/ha (the existing varieties can reach 750 kg/ha). Moreover, the fruit of C. vietnamensis is large and the pericarp is thick (>5 cm). Therefore, a high seed ratio has become the main target economic trait for the breeding of C. vietnamensis. (2) Methods: A half-sibling population of C. vietnamensis plants with a combination of high and low seed ratios was constructed by crossing a C. vietnamensis female parent. Bulked segregant RNA analysis and full-length transcriptome sequencing were performed to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying a high seed ratio. (3) Results: Seed ratio is a complex quantitative trait with a normal distribution, which is significantly associated with four other traits of fruit (seed weight, seed number, fruit diameter, and pericarp thickness). Two candidate regions related to high seed ratio (HSR) were predicted. One spanned 140.8−148.4 Mb of chromosome 2 and was associated with 97 seed-yield-related candidate genes ranging in length from 278 to 16,628 bp. The other spanned 35.3−37.3 Mb on chromosome 15 and was associated with 38 genes ranging in length from 221 to 16,928 bp. Using the full-length transcript as a template, a total of 115 candidate transcripts were obtained, and 78 transcripts were predicted to be functionally annotated. The DEGs from two set pairs of cDNA sequencing bulks were enriched to cytochrome p450 CYP76F14 (KOG0156; GO:0055114, HSR4, HSR7), the gibberellin phytohormone pathway (GO:0016787, HSR5), the calcium signaling pathway (GO:0005509, HSR6), the polyubiquitin-PPAR signaling pathway (GO:0005515, HSR2, HSR3), and several main transcription factors (bZIP transcription factor, HSR1) in C. vietnamensis.

[Dissolution and differentiation of phytochemical components from mixture of Radix Paeoiae Alba and Radix Glycyrrhizae with different ratios].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate dissolution properties among different components with various polarities and to distinguish these groups from each other. METHOD: Ultraviolet fingerprint spectra (UV FPS) of the components from Baishao (Radix Paeoiae Alba) and Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) with various proportions, extracted with chloroform, ethanol and water successively, were obtained. The analysis was performed on the absolute and relative absorptions of peaks in UV FPS. RESULT: Dissolutions in different rates and in synergy among chemical components were observed, by which different components can be distinguished. CONCLUSION: Dissolution kinetics and processes of the various chemical components from medicinal herbs are of great difference.