Survey on satisfaction of clinical interns under the merging mode of standardized residency training and clinical practice / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the satisfaction of clinical interns to the department and teachers under the merging mode of standardized residency training and clinical practice, and to explore the feasibility to further implement the mode in clinical practice.Methods:Cluster sampling was used to design the scale, which included the importance attached by department to the teaching work, the rationality of the arrangement of practice content, the implementation of teaching activities, the quality of teaching activities, the status of out-department examination, the demonstration of medical ethics of teachers, the teaching attitude and knowledge lecturing of teachers, the revision of medical records and the guidance of skills operation, etc. The questionnaire survey was conducted among clinical interns in a hospital from July 2018 to June 2019. SPSS 22.0 was used to conduct t test or rank sum test of two independent samples, and the analysis of multiple groups of data was performed by means of variance analysis. Results:A total of 1 230 questionnaires were sent out, and 1 195 were returned, with an effective recovery rate of 97.15%. The overall satisfaction of interns was (9.62±0.39). The interns gave the highest evaluation on the medical ethics and medical style of the teacher (9.75±0.78), and the lowest evaluation on the teaching quality of all departments (9.52±1.15). There were significant differences among the evaluations ( F=7.30, P<0.001). Conclusion:Under the merging mode of standardized residency training and clinical practice management, all teaching and research sections and departments have fulfilled various teaching tasks according to the requirements, but the teaching quality and connotation construction need to be further strengthened.

Expression of thrombospondin-1 in vaginal wall of bilateral ovariectomy rats / 中国现代医生

Objective To explore the possible role of thrombospondin-1(THBS1)in the excessive fibrosis of vaginal wall induced by estrogen deficiency in rats,the morphological structure of collagen fibers and the expression of THBS1 in the vaginal wall were detected in the estrogen deficiency model of rats.Methods Twenty-four SD rats aged 3 months without delivery were randomly divided into sham operation group and experimental group,with 12 rats in each group.After 12 weeks of modeling,the rats were killed and the vaginal walls were taken for analysis.Masson staining was used to observe the morphological and structural changes of collagen fibers in vaginal wall of rats.Immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting were used to detect the expression level of THBS1 protein.Results After 12 weeks of modeling,the uterine atrophy of experimental group was obvious,the increase of body mass was significantly higher than that of sham operation group,and the level of estradiol was significantly lower than that of sham operation group(P<0.01).Compared with the sham operation group,the upper cortex of vaginal wall of experimental group was significantly atrophy,the smooth muscle bundles were thinner,the muscle gap was wider,the collagen fiber deposition in lamina propria and muscle layer was increased,and the arrangement and distribution were disordered and fragmented.THBS1 expression in vaginal wall of experimental group was significantly higher than that of sham operation group(P<0.05).Conclusion Estrogen deficiency may mediate excessive fibrosis of vaginal wall by upregulating THBS1 expression,thereby damaging the biomechanical properties of vaginal wall and leading to an increased susceptibility to pelvic organ prolapse development.

Regulation and mechanism of mannose-binding lectin on autophagy during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effects and mechanism of mannose-binding lectin(MBL) on autophagy during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and provide the feasibility for targeting autophagy to prevent obesity and related pathological conditions in natural immunity.Methods:3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured in vitro and induced to differentiation. Cell differentiation and lipid accumulation were analyzed by oil red O staining and CCK-8 was used to detect the effect of different concentrations of MBL (0, 1, 5, 10 μg/ml) on cell proliferation ability at different differentiation stages. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of MBL(10 μg/ml) on the key autophagy factors LC3B, Beclin1 and p62 protein at different stages of differentiation, and the changes of lipid droplet accumulation under the intervention of MBL were observed by oil red O staining. The protein and mRNA expression of autophagy key factors under the intervention of different concentrations of MBL were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR. And autophagy flow analysis based on autophagic degradation was used to further illustrate the autophagic activity. The expression and phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signaling molecules were analyzed by Western blot. Results:The results of oil red O staining showed that 3T3-L1 preadipocytes could achieve complete differentiation after 10 days of induction. CCK-8 showed that the concentration of MBL (1-10 μg/ml) in the experimental group had no effect on cell proliferation at different differentiation stages. During the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, Western blot and qRT-PCR showed that the expression of autophagy-related proteins and mRNA levels was enhanced in the MBL treated group, and presented a concentration-dependent relationship. Oil red O staining showed that the lipid droplets in adipocytes at different stages of differentiation are reduced to varying degrees under the intervention of MBL. Fluorescence microscopy results further confirmed that MBL enhanced the autophagy activity of adipocytes by increasing the synthesis of autophagosomes. Moreover, under the intervention of MBL, the phosphorylation level of AMPK was significantly up-regulated, while the phosphorylation level of mTOR was significantly down-regulated, also showing a concentration-dependent relationship.Conclusions:MBL accelerates the autophagy process during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, reduces lipid accumulation, providing a possible functional pathway for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic diseases.

Analysis of the effect and prognosis of lymph tracing in different lymph regions of esophageal cancer with nano carbon suspension / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:In the operation of esophageal cancer, nano carbon suspension was used for lymph tracing, and the effect of lymph tracing in different regions and its influence on prognosis were analyzed.Methods:From July 2013 to August 2014, 100 patients under esophageal cancer surgery in our department were analyzed. Randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 50 cases each. During the operation, nano carbon suspension was used to trace the lymph nodes in the experimental group, while conventional operation was only used in the control group. The general baseline data, the number of lymph nodes and positive lymph nodes in each region in the two groups were compared, the lymph node metastasis and survival were followed up, and the prognosis of the two groups were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups( P>0.05). The average number of lymph nodes in the experimental group was 18.6 per case, and that in the control group was 15.1 per case. There was significant difference between the two groups( P=0.003). There was no significant difference in the number and degree of metastasis between the two groups( P=0.233, P=0.463). The effect of nano carbon suspension on tracing lymph nodes around the lower mediastinal esophagus was better. In the experimental group, 4.38 lymph nodes were removed in this area on average, 0.34 of which were metastatic lymph nodes. In the control group, 2.52 lymph nodes were removed in each case on average, 0.10 of which were metastatic lymph nodes. The comparison between the two groups was significantly higher than that of the control group( P=0.001, P=0.011 respectively). In the upper mediastinum, abdominal cavity and other mediastinal lymph nodes, there was no significant difference in the number of lymph nodes, the number of lymph nodes and the degree of metastasis between the two groups( P>0.05). The time of lymph node metastasis in the experimental group was significantly later than that in the control group( P=0.048, log rank test). There was no significant difference in survival time between the two groups( P=0.692, log rank test) . Conclusion:The results show that the nano carbon suspension has a good effect on the lymph node tracing during the operation of esophageal cancer, and the effect on the lymph node tracing around the lower mediastinal esophagus is better.In the area close to the lung drainage area, the tracer effect is poor, and it has certain effect in reducing or delaying lymph node metastasis.

To Understand the Modulatory Effect of Probiotics on Irritable Bowel Syndrome

No abstract available.

Preparation and identification of amyloid-β protein 1-42 oligomers and their effect on astrocytes / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To explore the preparation and identification of amyloid-β protein 1-42 (Aβ1-42) oligomers and their effect on in vitro cultured astrocytes in mice.Methods (1) Aβ1-42peptides were dissolved and 100 μ mol/L Aβ1-42 polypeptide was chosen as mother liquor;and then,they were incubated under different conditions (4 ℃ for 24 h,4 ℃ for 72 h,37 ℃ for 24 h and 37 ℃ for 72 h);the form of Aβ-42 was observed under electron microscope and the degrees of Aβ1-42 polymerization were detected by Western blotting.(2) Aβ1-42 oligomers of different concentrations (Aβ1-42 polypeptide as mother liquor being incubated under condition of 4 ℃ for 24 h) were added into the in vitro cultured astrocytes;CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effects ofAβ1-42 oligomers (0,0.1,0.5,1,5,10,50,and 100 μmol/L) on astrocytic viability;after 0,1,10,and 50 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomers treatment,immunofluorescence was employed to detect the morphological changes of astrocytes and Western blotting was used to detect the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expressions.Results (1) Different forms and degrees of polymerization of Aβ1-42 could be observed by electron microscope and Western blotting:100 μmol/L Aβ1-42 polypeptides could induce 10 nm granulated mixture of Aβ1-42 oligomers at 4 ℃ incubation for 24 h;proteins with relative molecular mass of 10 000 had decreased expression,and those of 15 000-25 000 had increased expression.(2) Twenty-four h after Aβ1-42oligomers treatment,the viability of astrocytes was increased gradually:as compared with the 0 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment group,the 10,50 and 100 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment groups had significantly increased viability of astrocytes (P＜0.05);immunofluorescent staining indicated that as compared with the 0 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment group,the one,10,and 50 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment groups had activated astrocytes:enlarged soma,increased cell processes and increased GFAP fluorescence intensity were noted;Western blotting indicated that following the increased oligomer concentrations,the protein expressions of GFAP and AQP4 increased:as compared with the 0 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment group,the 10 and 50 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment groups had significantly increased GFAP protein expression (P＜0.05);and as compared with the 0 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment group,the one,10,and 50 μmol/L Aβ1-42 oligomer treatment groups had significantly increased AQP4 protein expression (P＜0.05) Conclusions The Aβ1-42 oligomers could be prepared with 100 μmol/L peptide under 4 ℃ for 24 h.Aβ1-42 oligomers could activate astrocytes and up-regulate the AQP4 expression,which might be a self protective mechanism.

Analysis on the changes of serum diamine oxidase and correlation with CTSI scoring,gastrointestinal function in severe acute pancreatitis patients / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of serum diamine oxidase(DAO) levels in patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) and their relationship with computed tomography severity index(CTSI) score and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Methods A total of 60 SAP patients were recruited into group SAP,the other 40 healthy people were recruited into control group,DAO,lactic acid,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),intestinal trilobites factor(ITF),cream ball epidermal growth factor 8(MFG-E8) were compared in the two groups.Results DAO,lactic acid,TNF-α in SAP group with onset within 72 hours were(3.09±1.33)U/mL,(928.50±69.37)ng/mL and (269.41±31.85)pg/mL,which were significantly higher than(1.20±0.58)U/mL,(311.64±38.25)ng/mL and (38.24 ± 3.03)pg/mL in the control group,the differences were statistical significant(P<0.05).The serum levels of ITF,MFG-E8 in SAP group were(3.60±0.35)ng/mL,(81.49±27.32)pg/mL,which were significant lower than(4.39±0.26)ng/mL,(234.17±49.08)pg/mL in the control group,the differences were statistical significant(P<0.05).In the SAP group,the serum levels of DAO showed significant positive correlations with D-lactate,TNF-α levels,CTSI score,APACHEⅡ score,gastrointestinal dysfunction score(P<0.05),but had significant negative correlation with ITF,MFG-E8(P<0.05).Conclusion Serum DAO level evaluated significantly in patients with SAP,and closely related to the severity of the disease and the dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract.

Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy by Using Fluorinated Nanoplatform.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive therapeutic modality with fast healing process and little or no scarring. The production of reactive oxygen species is highly dependent on oxygen concentration, and thus, the therapeutic efficacy of PDT would be retarded by inefficient oxygen supply in hypoxic tumor cell and the oxygen self-consuming mechanism of PDT. It is well-known that perfluorocarbons are endowed with properties of enhanced oxygen solubility and transfer capacity. Herein, we prepared a series of nanoplatforms of spherical micelles with different ratios of pentafluorophenyl to porphyrin in the core and utilized these micelles as models to examine the influence of content of fluorinated segments on the PDT effect of porphyrins. It was found for the first time, as far as we are aware, that the production efficacy of singlet oxygen increased with the rising in the ratio of pentafluorophenyl to porphyrin. Thus, this work presents a new avenue to improve PDT efficacy by enhancing oxygen solubility and diffusivity of nanoplatforms with the incorporation of perfluorocarbon segments.

Content determination of Forsythoside A in Yinqiaosan granules by HPLC / 药学实践杂志

Objective To establish a method for determination of the content of Forsythoside A in Yinqiaosan granules . Methods HPLC method was adopted to carry on the determination .Welch Ultimate XB‐C18 column (250 mm × 4 .6 mm ,5μm) was used with the mobile phase of methanol‐0 .2% Glacial acetic acid solution by gradient elution . The flow rate was 1 .0 ml/min ,the detection wavelength was 330 nm ,and the column temperature was 20 ℃ .Results Forsythoside A showed a good linear relationship at the range from 0 .080 3~3 .211 μg (r=1 .000) .The average recovery rates were 103 .78% ,and RSD=0 .82% .Conclusion The method was convenient and accurate .Meanwhile ,it also has good specificity and reproducibili‐ty .It can be used effectively for the quality control of Yinqiaosan granules .

Impacts of the transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on EC50 in the remifentanil inhibition of tracheal intubation response / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the impacts on EC50 in the remifentanil inhibition of tracheal intubation response by the transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) at Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty patients with selective surgery undergoing endotracheal intubation with intravenous general anesthesia were divided into I to II degree by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) and were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 20 cases in each one. Before general anesthesia induction, in the observation group, the transcutaneous electric stimulation was applied to bilateral Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) for 30 min, with dense-disperse wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency; in the control group, the sham-stimulation was applied to the acupoints, with the lamp on, but without electric current output. Afterwards, the general anesthesia induction started. When the target concentration of propofol and remifentanil was stabilized at the preset value, the endotracheal intubation was conducted. Dixon sequential method was applied for the determination of ECs in remifentanil inhibition of tracheal intubation response.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The level of EC50 in remifentanil inhibition of tracheal intubation response was 3. 46 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval was 2. 80 ng/ml to 4. 27ng/mL in the observation group; those were 4. 18 ng/mL and 3. 30 ng/mL to 5. 29 ng/mL in the control group separately. The differences were significant in comparison of the two groups (P<0. 01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TEAS apparently reduces EChe in the remifentanil inhibition of tracheal intubation response by around 17%as.</p>

Intraperitoneal injection via a paravertebral approach in rabbits / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore a simple and reliable method for intraperitoneal injection through a paravertebral approach in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty New Zealand rabbits were randomized into conventional group and modified groups to receive intraperitoneal injections through conventional and paravertebral approaches, respectively. In the conventional group, the injection site was on the abdominal wall 3~4 cm lateral from the umbilicus bilaterally, while that in the modified group was located dorsally at L5/L6 level 3-4 cm lateral from the midline. Abdominal CT scan was performed in the post-injection rabbits, which were sacrificed after 24 h for abdominal dissection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Success with a single puncture was achieved in 13 out of the 20 rabbits in the conventional group, and the rest required at least two punctures, with a mean rank sum of 23.50. With the modified approach, a single attempt was successful in all the 40 rabbits, with a mean rank sum of 34.0, showing a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). The success rates of a single injection differed significantly between the two groups (P<0.01). CT scan and abdominal dissection showed that the injection site with the modified approach was far away from the vital organs and large vessels with less peritoneal hyperemia and exudation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Paravertebral intraperitoneal paracentesis is a convenient and reliable method for intraperitoneal injection in rabbits.</p>

Pathological study of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in rat models of Alzheimer's disease / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine cerebral pathologies in cerebral amyloid angiopathy in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat models of Alzheimer's disease was established by stereotactic Aβ1-42 fiber injection in the bilateral hippocampus. The cognitive function of the rats was evaluated with water maze test. HE staining, Congo red staining and double-labeling indirect immunofluorescence were used to examine the dynamic distribution of Aβ fiber deposit in the brain.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The model rats showed significant differences from the control rats in the escape latency and the times of crossing platform in waster maze test. HE staining revealed a decreased number and degeneration of the granular cells with increased glial cells in the model rats. Congo Red staining showed that the Aβ fiber was deposited gradually in the small vessels in the brain parenchyma to cause thickening, stenosis or occlusion of the small vessels. Immunofluorescence staining detected Aβ fiber migration from the parenchyma to the walls of the small arteries in the rat models.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a major pathological feature in Alzheimer's disease.</p>

Research on Formulation Process of Wuzibushen Capsules / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To optimize the forming process of Wuzibushen Capsules. Methods Category and ratio of accessories were investigated by taking moisture absorption percentage as index. The inspected angle of repose, bulk density and critical relative humidity were also investigated. Results Starch was used as the excipien. Remedium cardinale and starch in the ratio of 1.15∶1.25 was more appropriate, 60% alcohol was added, dried at 60 ℃. Granules had a good fluidity, critical relative humidity was about 62%. Conclusion The forming technology was reasonable and provide reliable basis for production.

Ultrastructure of periosteal cells induced by bone morphogenetic protein 7 in vitro / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Study confirms that bone morphogenetic protein can induce osteogenesis;however the ultrastructure of periosteal cells induced by bone morphogenetic protein-7 remains poorly reported. OBJECTIVE:To study the bioactivity and ultrastructure of periosteal cells induced by bone morphogenetic protein-7 in vitro. METHODS:The primary periosteal cells isolated from adult tibial bone were in vitro cultured, and then divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, cells were cultured with bone morphogenetic protein-7 and culture adjuvant;while cells in the control group were only cultured with the adjuvant. Three samples in each group were tested at 5, 10, 15 days, respectively. The general structure of cultured cells was observed using von Kossa staining, and the ultrastructure was observed under transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The periosteal cells in the two groups grew wel in vitro, showing uniform morphology. Early cells were spindle-shaped, with strong three-dimensional sense and ful transparency;mitotic cells were short columnar or cubic shaped, there were a lot of rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex in osteoblasts under electron microscope. Later stage of cells developed from long fusiform into wide shuttle and irregular shape, there were a large number of matrix vesicles within the cells under the electron microscope. The membrane coating, alkaline phosphatase and calcium-binding protein in the cytoplasm, as wel as calcium crystals were found. The osteogenesis basement and lateral sides appeared projections, which were connected with adjacent bone cells. Induction of bone morphogenetic protein-7 in vitro promotes the osteoblasts proliferation, division and bone formation speed. The results suggest that bone morphogenetic protein-7 can significantly enhance the proliferation ability of osteoblasts in vitro.

Preliminary results of radiotherapy plus ultrasound hyperthermia for malignant tumors / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To investigate the therapeutic effect a nd toxicity of radiotherapy plus ultrasound hyperthermia for treatment of malign ant tumors. Methods:41 cases of locally advanced, recurrent or radioresista nt cancer treated from January 1997 to January 2000 were given radiotherapy plus Sonotherm 1000 ultrasound hyperthermia. The mean radiation dose was 61?12 Gy;h yperthermia was administered within 30 minutes following radiotherapy with mean heating time of (52.4?6) minutes at 1-2 times/week. 3-year local control and survival were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test, factors affec ting prognosis were analyzed by Cox regression. The significance of differences between temperatures was tested by one-way ANOVA. Results:There was significant difference between Tmin and Tmax on tumor local response. Tumor complete response was 58.5%, the 3-year local co ntrol and survival were 13.6%% and 32.69% respectively. There is significant cor relation between radiation dose, tumor volume, Tmin and 3-year local control ( P

Study on Quality Standards for Pugan Tablets / 中成药

Objective: To establish the quality standards for Pugan Tablets. Methods: Two main components, acetaminophen and chlorpheniramine maleate in Pugan Tablets were identified by physico chemical methods and TLC, and determined by ist derivative spectrography directly and TLC scanning, respectively. Results: The average recoveries were 98.23% (RSD was 1.38%, n was 9) for acetamnophen and 98.83% (RSD was 1.78%, n was 5) for chlorpheniramine maleate. Conclusion: These methods are simple and feasible with good results, and can be used for the quality control of the tablet.

Quality standard for Naolibao Pill / 中成药

AIM: To consummate the quality standard for Naolibao Pill. METHODS: Fructus Schisandrae sphenantherae,Rhizoma Acori tatarinowii,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Vitamin E were identified by one TLC at lock in time.The Diamonsil C_(18) column was used mobile phases: methanol-isopropanol(70∶30),flow rate:1.0 mL/min,detection wavelength:284 nm for determining vitamin E;mobile phases:0.5% glacial acetic acid,flow rate:1.0 mL/min,detection wavelength:246 nm for determining Vitamin B_1. The content of Vitamin E and Vitamin B_1 were determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The average recoveries of added sample were 99.96% and 99.54%(RSD were 1.66% and 1.87%). CONCLUSION: The methods are accurate with a good reproducibility.They could be used for quality control of Naolibao Pill.

Quality standard improvement of Danshitong Capsule / 中成药

AIM: To consummate the quality standard for Danshitong Capsule (Fulvis Fellis Anseris,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Fructus Auranth,etc,). METHODS: The extract method of Furctus Auranth was improved.Fulvis Fellis Anseris,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Scutellariae,Radix Bupleuri in this preparation were identified by TLC.The contents of emodin and chrysophanol were determined by TLC-Scanning. RESULTS: The average recoveries of added sample were 98.50% and 99.65% and RSD were 0.82% and 0.74%,respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is convenient,reliable and accurate for the quality control of Danshitong Capsule.