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BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests that elective induction of labor at 39 weeks may lead to more favorable perinatal outcomes compared with the expectant management, however, how to weigh the pros and cons of elective labor induction at 39 weeks, the expectation of spontaneous delivery at 40 or 41 weeks, or delayed labor induction at 40 or 41 weeks on neonatal and maternal outcomes remains a practical challenge in clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVE: We compared neonatal and maternal outcomes between elective induction of labor at 39 weeks and expectant management in a real word setting. We also divided the expectantly managed group and compared outcomes between the spontaneous delivery group at 40 or 41 weeks, and the induced group at 40 or 41 weeks versus the elective induced group at 39 weeks. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study included 21282 participants between January 1, 2019, and June 30, 2022. Participants were initially categorized into three groups at 39 weeks: elective induction of labor, spontaneous delivery, and expectant management, for the primary analysis comparing elective induction with expectant management. Subsequently, the expectant management group at 39 weeks was similarly divided into three groups at 40 weeks, and participants who underwent expectant management at 40 weeks were then divided into two groups at 41 weeks: elective induction and spontaneous delivery. In total, six groups were compared in the secondary analysis, with elective induction at 39 weeks serving as the reference group. RESULTS: At 39 weeks' gestational age, participants who received elective induction of labor had a significantly lower risk of primary composite outcomes compared to participants who received expectant management (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55-0.95), and there was no significant difference in risk of cesarean delivery between the two groups. After further dividing the expectantly managed group, compared to participants with elective induction of labor at 39 weeks, those with spontaneous delivery at 40 weeks had significant lower risks of cesarean delivery (0.61, 0.52-0.71) and chorioamnionitis (0.78, 0.61-1.00), but a higher risk of fetal distress (1.39, 1.22-1.57); those with spontaneous delivery at 41 weeks had a significant higher risk of fetal distress (1.44, 1.16-1.79), postpartum hemorrhage (1.83, 1.26-2.66), and prolonged/arrested labor (1.61, 1.02-2.54). Moreover, compared to participants with elective induction of labor at 39 weeks, participants induced at later weeks had significantly higher risks of neonatal and maternal outcomes, especially at 40 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that elective induction of labor at 39 weeks was significantly associated with lower risks of short-term neonatal and maternal outcomes compared to expectant management. Moreover, our study highlights the nuanced trade-offs in risks and benefits between elective induction at 39 weeks versus waiting for spontaneous labor or delayed induction at 40/41 weeks, thus providing valuable insights for clinical decision-making in practice.
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Amyloid beta (Aß) monomers aggregate to form fibrils and amyloid plaques, which are critical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the important role of Aß1-42 aggregation in plaque formation, leading to brain lesions and cognitive impairment, numerous studies have aimed to reduce Aß aggregation and slow AD progression. The diphenylalanine (FF) sequence is critical for amyloid aggregation, and magnetic fields can affect peptide alignment due to the diamagnetic anisotropy of aromatic rings. In this study, we examined the effects of a moderate-intensity rotating magnetic field (RMF) on Aß aggregation and AD pathogenesis. Results indicated that the RMF directly inhibited Aß amyloid fibril formation and reduced Aß-induced cytotoxicity in neural cells in vitro. Using the AD mouse model APP/PS1, RMF restored motor abilities to healthy control levels and significantly alleviated cognitive impairments, including exploration and spatial and non-spatial memory abilities. Tissue examinations demonstrated that RMF reduced amyloid plaque accumulation, attenuated microglial activation, and reduced oxidative stress in the APP/PS1 mouse brain. These findings suggest that RMF holds considerable potential as a non-invasive, high-penetration physical approach for AD treatment.
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Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Péptidos beta-Amiloides , Disfunción Cognitiva , Animales , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/terapia , Ratones , Péptidos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Ratones Transgénicos , Campos Magnéticos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Placa Amiloide , Encéfalo/metabolismoRESUMEN
The detection of virus RNA in wastewater has been established as a valuable method for monitoring Coronavirus disease 2019. Carbon nanomaterials hold potential application in separating virus RNA owing to their effective adsorption and extraction capabilities. However, carbon nanomaterials have limited separability under homogeneous aqueous conditions. Due to the stabilities in their nanostructure, it is a challenge to efficiently immobilize them onto magnetic beads for separation. Here, we develop a porous agarose layered magnetic graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite that is prepared by agglutinating ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) beads and GO with agarose into a cohesive whole. With an average porous size of approximately 500 nm, the porous structure enables the unhindered entry of virus RNA, facilitating its interaction with the surface of GO. Upon the application of a magnetic field, the nucleic acid can be separated from the solution within a few minutes, achieving adsorption efficiency and recovery rate exceeding 90% under optimized conditions. The adsorbed nucleic acid can then be preserved against complex sample matrix for 3 days, and quantitatively released for subsequent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) detection. The developed method was successfully utilized to analyze wastewater samples obtained from a wastewater treatment plant, detecting as few as 10 copies of RNA molecules per sample. The developed aMGO-RT-qPCR provides an efficient approach for monitoring viruses and will contribute to wastewater-based surveillance of community infections.
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Grafito , Nanocompuestos , ARN Viral , Sefarosa , Aguas Residuales , Grafito/química , Aguas Residuales/virología , Aguas Residuales/química , ARN Viral/análisis , ARN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Sefarosa/química , Nanocompuestos/química , Porosidad , AdsorciónRESUMEN
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are an innovative technology for the efficient degradation of antibiotics. Shewanella oneidensis (S. oneidensis) MR-1 plays a pivotal role in degrading sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in BESs. Our study investigated the effect of BES conditions on SMX degradation, focusing on microbial activity. The results revealed that BESs operating with a 0.05 M electrolyte concentration and 2 mA/cm2 current density outperformed electrolysis cells (ECs). Additionally, higher electrolyte concentrations and elevated current density reduced SMX degradation efficiency. The presence of nutrients had minimal effect on the growth of S. oneidensis MR-1 in BESs; it indicates that S. oneidensis MR-1 can degrade SMX without nutrients in a short period of time. We also highlighted the significance of mass transfer between the cathode and anode. Limiting mass transfer at a 10 cm electrode distance enhanced S. oneidensis MR-1 activity and BES performance. In summary, this study reveals the complex interaction of factors affecting the efficiency of BES degradation of antibiotics and provides support for environmental pollution control.
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Fuentes de Energía Bioeléctrica , Shewanella , Sulfametoxazol , Sulfametoxazol/metabolismo , Shewanella/metabolismo , Electrodos , Biodegradación Ambiental , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Electrólisis , Técnicas ElectroquímicasRESUMEN
Acetaminophen (APAP), the most frequently used mild analgesic and antipyretic drug worldwide, is implicated in causing 46% of all acute liver failures in the USA and between 40% and 70% in Europe. The predominant pharmacological intervention approved for mitigating such overdose is the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC); however, its efficacy is limited in cases of advanced liver injury or when administered at a late stage. In the current study, we discovered that treatment with a moderate intensity static magnetic field (SMF) notably reduced the mortality rate in mice subjected to high-dose APAP from 40% to 0%, proving effective at both the initial liver injury stage and the subsequent recovery stage. During the early phase of liver injury, SMF markedly reduced APAP-induced oxidative stress, free radicals, and liver damage, resulting in a reduction in multiple oxidative stress markers and an increase in the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). During the later stage of liver recovery, application of vertically downward SMF increased DNA synthesis and hepatocyte proliferation. Moreover, the combination of NAC and SMF significantly mitigated liver damage induced by high-dose APAP and increased liver recovery, even 24 h post overdose, when the effectiveness of NAC alone substantially declines. Overall, this study provides a non-invasive non-pharmaceutical tool that offers dual benefits in the injury and repair stages following APAP overdose. Of note, this tool can work as an alternative to or in combination with NAC to prevent or minimize liver damage induced by APAP, and potentially other toxic overdoses.
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Acetaminofén , Analgésicos no Narcóticos , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas , Sobredosis de Droga , Acetaminofén/toxicidad , Animales , Ratones , Analgésicos no Narcóticos/toxicidad , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Campos Magnéticos , Acetilcisteína/uso terapéutico , Acetilcisteína/farmacologíaRESUMEN
In the context of clean air actions in China, vehicle emission limits have been continuously tightened, which has facilitated the reduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions. However, the characteristics of VOC emissions from vehicles with strict emission limits are poorly understood. This study investigated the VOC emission characteristics from vehicles under the latest standards based on tunnel measurements, and identified future control strategies for vehicle emissions. The results showed that the highest percentage of VOCs from vehicle consisted of alkanes (80.9 %), followed by aromatics (15.8 %) and alkenes (3.1 %). Alkanes had the most significant ozone formation potential due to their high concentrations, in contrast to the aromatics that have been dominant in previous studies. The measured fleet-average VOC emission factor was 71.3 mg·km-1, including tailpipe emissions of 39.6 mg·km-1 and evaporative emissions of 31.7 mg·km-1. The VOC emission factors of the subgroups were obtained. The emission of evaporated VOCs accounted for 44.5 % of the total vehicle VOC emissions, which have increased substantially from previous studies. In addition, the emission characteristics of vehicles that are under the latest emission threshold values have changed significantly, and the mixing ratio of toluene/benzene (T/B) has been updated to 3:1. This study updates the VOCs emission factors of vehicles under clean air actions and highlights the future mitigation policies should focus on reducing evaporative VOC emissions.
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All organisms on Earth live in the weak but ubiquitous geomagnetic field. Human beings are also exposed to magnetic fields generated by multiple sources, ranging from permanent magnets to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in hospitals. It has been shown that different magnetic fields can generate various effects on different tissues and cells. Among them, stem cells appear to be one of the most sensitive cell types to magnetic fields, which are the fundamental units of regenerative therapies. In this review, we focus on the bioeffects of static magnetic fields (SMFs), which are related to regenerative medicine. Most reports in the literature focus on the influence of SMF on bone regeneration, wound healing, and stem cell production. Multiple aspects of the cellular events, including gene expression, cell signaling pathways, reactive oxygen species, inflammation, and cytoskeleton, have been shown to be affected by SMFs. Although no consensus yet, current evidence indicates that moderate and high SMFs could serve as a promising physical tool to promote bone regeneration, wound healing, neural differentiation, and dental regeneration. All in vivo studies of SMFs on bone regeneration and wound healing have shown beneficial effects, which unravel the great potential of SMFs in these aspects. More mechanistic studies, magnetic field parameter optimization, and clinical investigations on human bodies will be imperative for the successful clinical applications of SMFs in regenerative medicine.
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Organic afterglow is a fascinating phenomenon with exceptional applications. However, it encounters challenges such as low intensity and efficiency, and typically requires UV-light excitation and facile intersystem crossing (ISC) due to its spin-forbidden nature. Here, we develop a novel strategy that bypasses the conventional ISC pathway by promoting singlet-triplet transition through the synergistic effects of the intra/intermolecular heavy-atom effect in aromatic crystals, enabling the direct population of triplet excited states from the ground state. The resulting materials exhibit a bright organic afterglow with a remarkably enhanced quantum efficiency of up to 5.81%, and a significantly increased organic afterglow lifetime of up to 157 microseconds under visible light. Moreover, given the high-efficiency visible-light excitable organic afterglow emission, the potential application is demonstrated in lifetime-resolved, color-encoded, and excitation wavelength-dependent pattern encryption. This work demonstrates the importance of the direct population method in enhancing the organic afterglow performance and red-shifting the excitation wavelength, and provides crucial insights for advancing organic optoelectronic technologies that involve triplet states.
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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in O2-perturbed subsurface environments has been increasingly documented in recent years. However, the constraining conditions under which abiotic and/or biotic mechanisms predominate for ROS production remain ambiguous. Here, we demonstrate that the ROS production mechanism, biotic and abiotic, is determined by sediment redox properties and sediment compositions. Upon the oxygenation of 10 field sediments, the cumulative H2O2 concentrations reached up to 554 µmol/kg within 2 h. The autoclaving sterilization experiments showed that H2O2 could be produced by both biotic and abiotic processes depending on the redox conditions. However, only the abiotic process could produce significant levels of â¢OH, and the production yield was closely related to the sediment components, particularly sediment Fe(II) and organic matter. Fe(II) bound with organic matter led to high yields of H2O2 and â¢OH production. Sediment oxygenation contributed to the appearance of H2O2 in groundwater, with the abiotic mechanism producing higher instantaneous H2O2 concentrations than the biotic mechanism. These findings reveal that the redox conditions, compositions, and texture of sediments collectively control abiotic and biotic mechanisms for ROS production, which assists the identification of ROS production hotspots and the understanding of ROS distribution and utilization in the subsurface.
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Compuestos Ferrosos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Oxidación-ReducciónRESUMEN
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is involved in hypertension, myocardial infarction and heart failure. It has been reported that circular RNA (circRNA) is a key regulatory factor of MF progression. In this study, we revealed that circ_0002295 and CXCR2 were elevated, and miR-1287 was reduced in MF patients. Knockdown of circ_0002295 effectively suppressed the proliferation, migration and MF progression. Circ_0002295 was the molecular sponge of miR-12878, and miR-1287 inhibitor reversed the biological functions of circ_0002295 on the myocardial fibrosis. CXCR2 was a target gene of miR-1287, and CXCR2 silencing relieved the impacts of miR-1287 inhibitor on cardiac myofibroblasts. Circ_0002295 promoted MF progression by regulating the miR-1287/CXCR2 axis, providing a possible circRNA-targeted therapy for MF.
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Insuficiencia Cardíaca , MicroARNs , Infarto del Miocardio , Humanos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/genética , Corazón , MicroARNs/genética , Receptores de Interleucina-8B/genética , ARN Circular/genéticaRESUMEN
Dioxins, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), are among the most toxic unintentionally produced persistent organic pollutants, and their emission is of great concern. Herein, we discovered abundant dioxin formation in soil and various organic carbon-containing matrices after digestion with aqua regia. Σ17PCDD/Fs concentrations were in the range of 66.6-142,834 pg/g dw (5.6-17,021 pg WHO2005-TEQ/g dw) in 19 soil samples after digestion with aqua regia for 6 h. Σ17PCDD/Fs concentration was significantly and positively correlated with soil organic carbon content (R2 = 0.89; p < 0.01). Compared with cellulose and lignin, humic acid served as an important organic matter component that was converted to PCDD/Fs during soil digestion. Strong oxidation and production of reactive chlorine by aqua regia may be the key factors in the formation of PCDD/Fs. The yearly emission of PCDD/Fs due to digestion with strong acids by the inspection and testing industry was estimated to be 83.8 g TEQ in China in 2021 based on the highest level, which was â¼0.9% of the total dioxin inventory in China. Great attention should be paid to unexpected dioxin formation during digestion processes considering the potential risk of release from laboratories and enterprises.
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Benzofuranos , Dioxinas , Bifenilos Policlorados , Dibenzodioxinas Policloradas , Suelo , Carbono , Dibenzofuranos , Benzofuranos/análisis , China , Dibenzofuranos Policlorados , Digestión , Monitoreo del AmbienteRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the internal adaptation, fracture resistance, and fracture pattern of the residual roots and crowns of molars restored with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) glass fiber post-cores, and compare them with three other post-core restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We selected 32 extracted maxillary first molars and divided them into four groups according to the post-core system: traditional casting titanium (Ti) post-cores (TC group); Ti post-cores fabricated with selective laser melting (SLM group); CAD/CAM glass fiber post-cores of the split type (CCS group); and prefabricated glass fiber posts and composite resin cores (PF group). The internal adaptation was analyzed with microcomputed tomography. Teeth were restored with monolithic zirconia crowns and subjected to thermocycling and cyclic loading. A load was applied consistently along the long axis of the tooth until fracture to record the fracture resistance and pattern. For the statistical analysis, one- and two-way analyses of variance, Tukey's post hoc and chi-square tests were performed to compare the differences among the groups. RESULTS: The CCS, TC, and SLM groups exhibited similar internal adaptations across all sections (P < 0.05). The FP group showed good fit with the root canals in the apical and middle sections but a poor fit with those in the cervical section. The fracture resistance was higher in the CCS, TC, and SLM groups compared to the PF group (P < 0.05). The proportions of restorable fractures in the CCS and PF groups were 62.5% and 50%, respectively. Unrestorable fractures were more frequent in the TC and SLM groups at frequencies of 100% and 87.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The internal adaptation and fracture resistance of the CCS group were similar to those of the TC and SLM groups, and the fracture pattern was mostly restorable, thus meeting the clinical requirements for molar post-core restorations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: CCS can be used to restore residual roots and crowns of molars and exhibit high efficacy in terms of adaptability and mechanical properties. More studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of CCS.
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Técnica de Perno Muñón , Fracturas de los Dientes , Humanos , Microtomografía por Rayos X , Coronas , Resinas Compuestas , Vidrio , Diente Molar , Diseño Asistido por Computadora , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Ensayo de MaterialesRESUMEN
The affordances of social media, have significantly transformed how patients seek and process health information online, including those with chronic diseases like irritable bowel disease (IBD). Few studies have explored how information processing may impact symptom management. Guided by social cognitive theory, this study investigates how Chinese and U.S. patients (N = 838) process health information in a cross-cultural setting and the impact on symptom management. It finds that efficient information processing improves treatment understanding and symptom management for IBD patients, regardless of their cultural backgrounds. It also reveals a U-shaped quadratic relationship between IBD severity and emotional and peer support, indicating varying support needs at different IBD stages. These findings provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals, patients, and caregivers in designing interventions for chronic diseases. The study underscores the importance of recognizing the dynamics of health information processing and the need for a more nuanced approach to patient support and care.
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The softness of sulfur sublattice and rotational PS4 tetrahedra in thiophosphates result in liquid-like ionic conduction, leading to enhanced ionic conductivities and stable electrode/thiophosphate interfacial ionic transport. However, the existence of liquid-like ionic conduction in rigid oxides remains unclear, and modifications are deemed necessary to achieve stable Li/oxide solid electrolyte interfacial charge transport. In this study, by combining the neutron diffraction survey, geometrical analysis, bond valence site energy analysis, and ab initio molecular dynamics simulation, 1D liquid-like Li-ion conduction is discovered in LiTa2 PO8 and its derivatives, wherein Li-ion migration channels are connected by four- or five-fold oxygen-coordinated interstitial sites. This conduction features a low activation energy (0.2 eV) and short mean residence time (<1 ps) of Li ions on the interstitial sites, originating from the Li-O polyhedral distortion and Li-ion correlation, which are controlled by doping strategies. The liquid-like conduction enables a high ionic conductivity (1.2 mS cm-1 at 30 °C), and a 700 h anomalously stable cycling under 0.2 mA cm-2 for Li/LiTa2 PO8 /Li cells without interfacial modifications. These findings provide principles for the future discovery and design of improved solid electrolytes that do not require modifications to the Li/solid electrolyte interface to achieve stable ionic transport.
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The paradoxical effects of cobalt in biological processes have caused controversy regarding the application of cobalt-based biomaterials. Cobalt has recently been shown to be a trace element that promotes bone growth. Qingzhuan Dark Tea polysaccharides (TPS) has been shown to be a biomaterial with antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. In order to develop a novel immunomodulatory biomaterial, we synthesized polysaccharide cobalt complex (TPS-Co) to prevent the paradoxical effects of cobalt while maintaining its beneficial effects, and evaluated its morphology, structure, and antioxidant activity. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that cobalt complexed successfully with TPS. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic mechanical microscopy demonstrated that TPS-Co has a more homogeneous and concentrated morphological distribution compared to TPS. Thermal performance analysis demonstrated that TPS-Co has higher thermal stability. Atomic absorption spectroscopy showed a cobalt content of 3.8%. Ultraviolet spectroscopy indicated that TPS-Co does not contain nucleic acids and proteins. Antioxidant activity assays showed that TPS-Co has better antioxidant activity than TPS in the concentration range of 0.4-2 mg/mL. Proliferation assay of MC3T3-E1 cells demonstrated that TPS-Co has the best cell proliferation effect at a cobalt concentration of 2 ppm. Therefore, TPS-Co may have potential applications in bone regeneration.
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This study describes the construction of a tailor-made clay-based hybrid with advanced dermocompatibility, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory performance by incorporating tunable ratios of tea tree oil (TTO) and salicylic acid (SA) into the naturally occurring porous structure of palygorskite (Pal). Among the three TTO/SA/Pal (TSP) systems constructed, TSP-1 with a TTO : SA ratio of 1 : 3 demonstrated the lowest 3T3 NRU predicted acute oral toxicity and dermal HaCaT cytotoxicity as well as the most pronounced antibacterial activity with a selective inhibitory action against the pathogens (E. coli, P. acnes and S. aureus) over the beneficial (S. epdermidis) species inhabiting on the human skin. Also noticeable is that exposure of these skin commensal bacteria to TSP-1 prevented the antimicrobial resistance evolution compared to the conventional antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Mechanistic investigation of its antibacterial modes of action revealed a synergy between the TTO and SA loadings on the Pal supports in reactive oxygen production, causing oxidative damage to bacterial cell membranes and increased leakage of intracellular compounds. Additionally, TSP-1 significantly decreased the proinflammatory cytokines of IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in a bacterial lipopolysaccharide-stimulated differentiated THP-1 macrophage model, showing the potential to inhibit inflammatory responses in bacterial infections. Overall, this is the first report exploring the potential of constructing clay-based organic-inorganic hybrids as alternatives to antibiotics to combat bacterial resistance with advanced compatibility and anti-inflammatory benefits that are desired for the development of topically applied biopharmaceuticals.
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Aceite de Árbol de Té , Humanos , Aceite de Árbol de Té/farmacología , Aceite de Árbol de Té/química , Trombospondina 1 , Escherichia coli , Ácido Salicílico , Staphylococcus aureus , Arcilla , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Bacterias , AntiinflamatoriosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is one of the most common complications of infection-induced sepsis. An imbalance in inflammatory mediators is the main factor leading to SIC . N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) is closely related to the occurrence and development of sepsis. N 6 -methyladenosine reader YTH domain containing 1 (YTHDC1) is an m 6 A N 6 -methyladenosine recognition protein. However, the role of YTHDC1 in SIC remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that YTHDC1-shRNA inhibits inflammation, reduces inflammatory mediators, and improves cardiac function in a LPS-induced SIC mouse model. Based on the Gene Expression Omnibus database analysis, serine protease inhibitor A3N is a differential gene of SIC. Furthermore, RNA immunoprecipitation indicated that serine protease inhibitor A3N (SERPINA3N) mRNA can bind to YTHDC1, which regulates the expression of SERPINA3N. Serine protease inhibitor A3N-siRNA reduced LPS-induced inflammation of cardiac myocytes. In conclusion, the m 6 A reader YTHDC1 regulates SERPINA3N mRNA expression to mediate the levels of inflammation in SIC. Such findings add to the relationship between m 6 A reader YTHDC1 and SIC, providing a new research avenue for the therapeutic mechanism of SIC.
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Cardiomiopatías , Sepsis , Serpinas , Animales , Ratones , Factores de Empalme de ARN/genética , Factores de Empalme de ARN/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Serina Proteinasa , Lipopolisacáridos/toxicidad , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Sepsis/complicaciones , Sepsis/genética , Cardiomiopatías/genética , Inflamación , Mediadores de Inflamación , Proteínas de Fase Aguda , Serpinas/genética , Serpinas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based gene therapy represents a promising strategy for tumor treatment. Novel gene vectors that can achieve targeted delivery of siRNA to the tumor cells without causing any side effects are urgently needed. To this end, the large amino acid mimicking carbon dots with guanidinium functionalization (LAAM GUA-CDs) are designed and synthesized by choosing arginine and dopamine hydrochloride as precursors. LAAM GUA-CDs can load siRNA through the multiple hydrogen bonds between their guanidinium groups and phosphate groups in siRNA. Meanwhile, the amino acid groups at the edges of LAAM GUA-CDs endow them the capacity to target tumors. After loading siBcl-2 as a therapeutic agent, LAAM GUA-CDs/siBcl-2 has a high tumor inhibition rate of up to 68%, which is twice more than that of commercial Lipofectamine 2000. Furthermore, LAAM GUA-CDs do not cause side effect during antitumor treatment owing to their high tumor-targeting ability, thus providing a versatile strategy for tumor-targeted siRNA delivery and cancer therapy.
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Acetato de Metadil , Neoplasias , Humanos , ARN Interferente Pequeño , Guanidina , Aminoácidos , Carbono/química , Neoplasias/terapia , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Terapia GenéticaRESUMEN
Iodized oil has an excellent X-ray imaging effect, but it shows poor embolization performance. When used as an embolic agent, it is easily washed off by the blood flow and eliminated from the body. Therefore, it is essential to use iodized oil in combination with solid embolic agents such as gelatin sponge or to perform multiple embolization procedures to achieve the therapeutic effect. In the present study, a poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)-co-acrylic acid (PNCAA) temperature-sensitive nanogel was synthesized by emulsion polymerization; the nanogel was then emulsified with iodized oil to prepare a thermosensitive iodized oil Pickering gel emulsion (TIPE). The oil-water (O/W) ratio of an O/W emulsion system can reach 4 : 6. When injected into the body, TIPE transforms into a nonflowing coagulated state at physiological temperature; the iodized oil is locked in the emulsion structure, thereby achieving local embolization and continuous imaging effects, which not only retain the X-ray imaging effect of the iodized oil but also improve its embolization effect. Subsequently, we further evaluated renal artery embolization in a normal rabbit renal artery model, and the results showed that TIPE shows a long-term conformal embolization performance and excellent long-term X-ray imaging ability.