Effects of Cyfluthrin Exposure on Neurobehaviour, Hippocampal Tissue and Synaptic Plasticity in Wistar Rats.

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Cyfluthrin (Cy) exposure on neurobehaviour, hippocampal tissue and synaptic plasticity in Wistar rats. First, it was found that high-dose Cy exposure could cause nerve injury, resulting in symptoms such as deficits in learning and memory ability, spatial exploration and autonomic motor function. Moreover, it was found that medium- and high-dose Cy exposure could cause an abnormal release of the neurotransmitter Glu. Second, brain tissue pathology showed that the middle and high doses of Cy caused tissue deformation, reduced the number of hippocampal puramidal cells, caused a disorder of these cells, decreased the number of Nissl bodies, and caused pyknosis of the hippocampal cell nuclear membrane and serious damage to organelles, indicating that exposure to these doses of Cy may cause hippocampal tissue damage in rats. Third, as the exposure dose increased, morphological changes in hippocampal synapses, including blurred synaptic spaces, a decreased number of synaptic vesicles and a decreased number of synapses, became more obvious. Moreover, the expression levels of the key synaptic proteins PSD-95 and SYP also decreased in a dose-dependent manner, indicating obvious synaptic damage. Finally, the study found that medium and high doses of Cy could upregulate the expression of A2AR in the hippocampus and that the expression levels of inflammatory factors and apoptosis-related proteins increased in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the expression of A2AR mRNA was correlated with neurobehavioural indicators and the levels of inflammatory factors, synaptic plasticity-related factors and apoptosis-related factors, suggesting that Cy may cause nerve damage in rats and that this effect is closely related to A2AR.

The Role of G3BP1 Gene Mediates P38 MAPK/JNK Pathway in Testicular Spermatogenic Dysfunction Caused by Cyfluthrin.

In recent years, male infertility has received global attention and seriously affected the quality of human fertility, and pyrethroids (type II pyrethroids), as recognized environmental endocrine disruptors, may threaten male reproductive health. Therefore, in this study, we established an in vivo model for the development of testicular and germ cell toxicity induced by cyfluthrin and explored the role and mechanism of the G3BP1 gene-mediated P38 MAPK/JNK pathway in testicular and germ cell damage caused by cyfluthrin to find early and sensitive indicators and new therapeutic targets for the development of testicular damage. Firstly, 40 male Wistar rats (about 260 g) were divided into a control group (corn oil), low dose group (6.25 mg/kg), middle dose group (12.5 mg/kg) and high dose group (25 mg/kg). The rats were anesthetized and executed after 28 days of poisoning on alternate days. Then, HE staining, transmission electron microscopy, ELISA, q-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, double-immunofluorescence and TUNEL were used to observe the pathology, androgen levels, oxidative damage and altered expression of the key factors of the G3BP1 and MAPK pathways in rat testes. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the testicular tissue and spermatocytes were superficially damaged with an increasing dose of cyfluthrin; furthermore, it could interfere with the normal secretion of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (serum GnRH, FSH, T and LH levels) and cause hypergonadal dysfunction. A dose-dependent increase in MDA and a dose-dependent decrease in T-AOC indicated that the oxidative-antioxidative homeostatic balance was disrupted. The Western blot and qPCR analysis revealed that G3BP1, p-JNK1/2/3, P38 MAPK, p-ERK, COX1 and COX4 proteins and mRNA expression were decreased, and p-JNK1/2/3, p-P38MAPK, caspase 3/8/9 proteins and mRNA expression were significantly increased. The double-immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry results showed that the protein expression of G3BP1 decreased with an increasing dose of staining, while the expression of JNK1/2/3 and P38 MAPK were increased significantly. The positive expressions of G3BP1 were mainly located in the testicular germinal epithelium and germ cell layer, and the positive expressions of JNK1/2/3 were mainly located in the testicular germinal epithelium and sperm cells, while the positive expressions of P38 MAPK were located in all levels of the germ cells and spermatozoa. Our results demonstrated that exposure to cyfluthrin caused testicular and spermatocyte damage in rats, which could cause pathomorphology, altered androgen levels and a decreased antioxidant capacity. When the intracellular antioxidant capacity was impaired, G3BP1 expression and activity were inhibited, causing activation of the P38 MAPK/JNK pathway and activation of the intracellular apoptotic pathway, which, in turn, led to germ cell apoptosis.

The role of stimulator of interferon genes-mediated AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K autophagy pathway in cyfluthrin-induced testicular injury.

Cyfluthrin is widely used in the field of sanitary pest control by its wide insecticidal spectrum, high efficiency and low toxicity, low residue, and good biodegradability. But, as a double-edged sword, a large amount of cyfluthrin remains are still in the environment. The residual cyfluthrin is absorbed into the food chain through vegetation and then poses a risk to soil organisms and human health. Several studies have suggested that cyfluthrin is one of the main factors causing testicular damage, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we established in vivo and in vitro models of testicular injury in rats and GC-2 cells exposed to cyfluthrin to explore whether stimulator of interferon genes (STING) gene mediates the regulation of AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K autophagy pathway, which lays a foundation for further study of the mechanism of testicular injury induced by cyfluthrin. The results showed that the activity of super oxide dismutase in testis decreased and the activity of malonic dialdehyde increased with the increase of concentration in vivo and in vitro. At the same time, the levels of mitochondrial damage and inflammation in the testis also increased, which further activated autophagy. In this process, the increased level of inflammation is related to the increased expression of STING gene, and AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K autophagy pathway is also involved. To sum up, cyfluthrin has certain reproductive toxicity, and long-term exposure can induce testicular cell damage. STING gene can participate in cyfluthrin-induced testicular injury through AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K autophagy pathway.

Ankylosing spondylitis with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease: A case report with literature review.

We present the case of a patient diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) along with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), possibly triggered by infection or autoimmunity. Both AS and KFD involved a similar immune pathway. Hence, clinicians should consider the possibility of KFD when lymphadenopathy is observed, especially in patients with infection or underlying autoimmune diseases.

Case report: Successful treatment with tofacitinib and colchicine in a patient with Schnitzler syndrome.

We report a case of late-onset Schnitzler syndrome successfully treated with Janus-activated kinase (JAK) inhibitors and colchicine. Schnitzler syndrome should be considered for recurrent chronic urticaria when accompanied by fever, fatigue, rapid weight loss, and poor response to antihistamine treatment. Skin biopsy, bone marrow biopsy, and electrophoresis help confirm the diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment can lead to complete resolution of symptoms. Besides interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 inhibitors, JAK inhibitors and colchicine may be considered as other choices of treatment.

Comparative analysis on indoor and outdoor thermal comfort in transitional seasons and summer based on multiple databases: Lessons learnt from the outdoors.

In environments with similar physical parameters, thermal comfort and sensation feelings may differ indoors and outdoors. How indoor and outdoor thermal perception differ from each other remains unclear. This study compared and discussed 29,536 field survey data, including 19,191 sets of indoor data, and 10,345 sets of outdoor data, covering five Köppen climate zones during transitional seasons and summer. Indoor data points were collected from two databases: the ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort II and the SCATs (Smart Controls and Thermal Comfort), while outdoor data points were collected from the RUROS database (Rediscovering the Urban Realm and Open Spaces) and five individual projects executed in Singapore, Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Changsha, and Tianjin. The concepts of neutral rate (NR) and comfort rate (CR) were developed to help categorize "neutral" and "comfort" across different studies. The results of this study show that people are less sensitive to changes in thermal environment outdoors than indoors. Moreover, thermal comfort cannot be simply treated as thermal neutral, particularly for outdoor spaces. Compared with MM (mixed-mode) and NV (naturally ventilated) spaces, outdoor space does not have the highest NR, but its CR is much higher, with a wide range of SET* (Standard Effective Temperature) corresponding to CR over 80 %, from 15.5 °C to 23.4 °C. In the Cfa (humid subtropical) climate zone, significantly higher CR are recorded for outdoor spaces, although the NR are similar or even lower than those of indoors. Natural thermal resources in the outdoor thermal environment may hold the key to extending indoor comfort ranges.

5-Aza-dC promotes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell invasion via downregulation of DNMT1 and upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) is a demethylation agent known to deplete DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in leukemia cancer cells, and can restore the expression of their target genes in Jurkat cells. The goal of this study was to discern the potential effect of 5-Aza-dC on the invasion of T-ALL cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The role of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and DNMT1 in cell invasion was determined using loss- and gain-of-function investigations in Jurkat- and Sup-T1-R cells. A nude mouse model of ALL was established for further exploration of their roles in vivo. MMP-2 and MMP-9 exhibited high expression and low DNA methylation levels in 5-Aza-dC-resistant T-ALL cells. DNMT1 was poorly expressed in 5-Aza-dC-resistant T-ALL cells and exhibited decreased enrichment in the promoter region of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Silencing of MMP-2 and MMP-9 or DNMT1 overexpression reduced T-ALL cell invasion. After treatment of Sup-T1 cells with 5-Aza-dC, MMP-2 and MMP-9 presented with reduced DNA methylation levels but increased expression, and DNMT1 expression was identified to be suppressed. Further, in vivo assays revealed that DNMT1 alleviated T-ALL by reducing the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in vivo. All in all, 5-Aza-dC activates MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression by reducing DNMT1-dependent DNA methylation levels and, hence, promotes the invasion of T-ALL cells.

Serum Levels of Mitochondrial Fission- and Fusion-Related Genes of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis and Risk Factor Analysis Based on a Generalized Linear Model.

Objective: We aimed to explore the risk factors for coal workers' pneumoconiosis and to further explore the significance of mitochondrial fission and fusion factors in CWP and verify the feasibility of mitochondrial fission and fusion factors as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Methods: The data of 168 cases were collected, and they were divided into a healthy control group (40 cases), dust exposure control group (61 cases), and CWP group (67 cases) and entered into SPSS 24.0. The statistical data were analyzed by the chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability method. The variables with statistically significant differences of the univariate analysis results were included in the generalized linear model. Test level was α = 0.05. Blood samples were collected to detect the ROS content, MDA content, and SOD activity. The mRNA expression levels of OPA1, Drp1, MFN2, Fis1, Col I, Col III, and α-SMA were determined by q-PCR. The protein expression levels of OPA1, Drp1, MFN2, Fis1, Col I, Col III, and α-SMA were detected by western blot. Results: Generalized linear regression analysis showed that lower school education, no respiratory protective measures, the working age beyond 15 years, and the type of work like coal mine drillers were the risk factors for CWP. With the aggravation of CWP, the degree of fibrosis and inflammation increased oxidative damage, increased mitochondrion division, and decreased fusion, which were more sensitive in the second and third stages of CWP. Conclusion: The results in this found that mitochondria are injured by fission and fusion in the CWP patients. Detection of the mitochondria fission and fusion factors provides the application value to evaluate the injury degree and progress of CWP and the clues for finding the real and effective screening and diagnosis biomarkers.

Association of iKIR-mismatch model and donor aKIRs with better outcome in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia.

Objectives: Killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor (KIR) can trigger the alloreactivity of NK cells. However, there is no clear consensus as to their function. Here, we investigated the potential influence of KIR mismatch and KIR alleles on the outcome of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Method: Data from 79 AML patients treated with haplo-HSCT were retrospectively analyzed. HLA-C genotyping was determined by the PCR-rSSO method. KIR, HLA-A and HLA-B genotyping was performed by the PCR-SSP method. Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used for analysis. Results: Both KIR ligand mismatch (KLM) group and KIR receptor-ligand mismatch (RLM) group were associated with a decreased risk in aGVHD and relapse rate (RR), and better overall survival (OS) compared to the KIR ligand matching and receptor-ligand matching groups, respectively (aGVHD: KLM: p=0.047, HR:0.235; RLM: p<0.001, HR:0.129; RR: KLM: p=0.049, HR:0.686, RLM: p=0.017, HR:0.200;OS:KLM: p=0.012, HR: 0.298, RLM: p=0.021, HR:0.301). RLM was more accurate at predicting relapse and aGVHD compared with KLM (aGVHD: p=0.009; RR: p=0.039). Patients with greater number of donor activating KIRs (aKIR) had a lower incidence of aGVHD and relapse, and the benefits correlated with the increase in the number of donor aKIRs (aGVHD: p=0.019, HR:0.156; RR: p=0.037, HR:0.211). Patients with RLM and the highest number of donor aKIRs had the lowest RR, lowest incidence of aGVHD and best OS. Conclusions: Both KLM and RLM reduced the risk of aGVHD and relapse after haplo-HSCT in AML patients, and RLM showed superiority in predicting HSCT outcome. The synergistic effects of RLM and donor aKIRs can provide a better donor selection strategy to improve haplo-HSCT outcome in AML patients.

Effects of mask wearing duration and relative humidity on thermal perception in the summer outdoor built environment.

During the pandemic, face masks are one of the most significant self-protection necessities, but they also cause heat stress. By using the ERA5 (ECMWF Reanalysis 5th Generation) database and the local weather bureau data, the effect of mask wearing on outdoor thermal sensation has been investigated by a survey conducted in the hot summer and cold winter region of eastern China in the summer of 2020. Results show that wearing a face mask for a longer period result in a higher level of discomfort, and the primary source of discomfort is hot and stuffy feelings. The effect of relative humidity is crucial for mask wearers in warm-biased thermal environments, as mean thermal sensation vote (TSV) peaks when environmental relative humidity reaches the range of 70% to 80% and decreases after this range due to the evaporation within the microclimate created by a face mask. Meanwhile, prolonged mask wearing increases participants' hot feelings, especially in warm environments. Specifically, participants wearing face masks for less than 30 min feel hot at a physiological equivalent temperature (PET) value of 34.4 °C, but those who wear them for over 60 min express hot feelings even at a PET value of 24.7 °C. The participants who wear a face mask while walking slowly outdoors have similar thermal sensations to those who do not wear a mask, but are in a higher activity level. The findings demonstrate that mask wearing has a crucial impact on outdoor thermal comfort assessment in a warm-biased outdoor thermal environment.

Dynamic thermal pleasure in outdoor environments - temporal alliesthesia.

Thermal comfort research has been historically centred around the concept of "thermal neutrality". Thermal neutrality originates from the steady-state indoor environment and is increasingly questioned when used to define the optimum sensation in outdoor environments. This calls for new criteria, designated for non-steady state and dynamically evolving outdoor settings. To address this need, we investigated thermal pleasure dynamics in outdoor environments based on thermal alliesthesia - a psychophysiological framework for understanding the hedonic responses elicited by non-steady-state thermal exposures. Detailed field studies were conducted in Sydney, Australia, during a 30-day period covering both summer and winter with a total of 35 subjects. The thermal sensation scale was quantitatively divided into four alliesthesial potential areas - two with moderate and two with strong alliesthesial potential - based on their divergence to the preferred sensation. We find that the temporal pleasure change (dP) can be predicted using thermal sensation change (dT). The results showed that linear regression performed strongly (R2 = 0.77 for summer and R2 = 0.79 for winter) in predicting dP when subjects' preceding sensation was in the strong alliesthesial potential zones - namely the 'Hot' and 'Cold' areas. When subjects' prior thermal sensation fell in the thermoneutral zone with moderate alliesthesial potential, a quadratic fit against dT provides a more reasonable prediction of dP (R2 = 0.61 for summer and R2 = 0.56 for winter). The dynamic thermal pleasure models provide a more nuanced subjective interpretation of outdoor urban spaces that includes thermal pleasure and delight. This study contributes further empirical support to the thermal alliesthesia framework and extends its application scope into outdoor thermal comfort research.

Health status among greenhouse workers exposed to different levels of pesticides: A genetic matching analysis.

(1) Objective: Greenhouse workers are considered a special occupational group who are exposed to more toxic and harmful substances than ordinary farmers. The health problem of this group is a public health problem that warrants attention. Taking greenhouse workers in Ningxia, China, as the research sample, this study analyzed the health risk to practitioners posed by the greenhouse working environment. (2) Method: To analyze the relationship between pesticide exposure and the health of greenhouse workers, the genetic matching method was used to exclude the influence of covariates on the results. (3) Results: The results showed a statistical significance regarding the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), skeletal muscle system diseases (SMSD) and digestive diseases between the different exposure groups. Researching the disease symptoms found that different levels of exposure to pesticides in greenhouses could cause multisystem and multisymptom discomfort. In addition to some irritant symptoms such as eye itching, itching, and sneezing, there were also differences in terms of the frequency of discomfort such as back pain, a decline in sleep quality, memory loss, joint pain, swelling and weakness, upper abdominal pain and flatulence, in the different exposure groups. (4) Conclusion: Different levels of exposure to pesticides in greenhouses may be one of the risk factors for practitioners to suffer from various systemic diseases, affecting their health and work efficiency. This hazard is manifested not only in some acute irritant symptoms but also in chronic diseases due to long-term exposure.

Epidermal growth factor stimulates exosomal microRNA-21 derived from mesenchymal stem cells to ameliorate aGVHD by modulating regulatory T cells.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs), a subset of CD4+ T cells, may exert inhibitory effects on alloimmune responses including acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), and several microRNAs are implicated in the pathophysiological process of GVHD. Therefore, we aimed in the present study to characterize the functional relevance of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated microRNA-21 (miR-21) in regulating bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a mouse model of aGVHD. We first isolated and cultured BMSCs and Tregs. Then, we examined effects of miR-21 knockdown or overexpression and EGF on cell activities of BMSCs and the expression of PTEN, Foxp3, AKT phosphorylation, and extent of c-jun phosphorylation by gain- and loss-of-function approaches. The results showed that miR-21 promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of BMSCs. Furthermore, miR-21 in BMSCs-derived exosomes inhibited PTEN, but enhanced AKT phosphorylation and Foxp3 expression in Tregs. In addition, EGF enhanced c-jun phosphorylation to elevate the miR-21 expression. Furthermore, EGF significantly increased the efficacy of BMSCs in a mouse model of aGVHD, manifesting in reduced IFN-γ expression and lesser organ damage. Moreover, EGF treatment promoted the Foxp3 expression of Tregs in BMSCs-treated aGVHD mice. Taken together, EGF induced the BMSCs-derived exosomal miR-21 expression, which enhanced Foxp3 expression in Tregs, thereby improving the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on aGVHD.

Measuring and decomposing the effort regarding the equity of inpatient benefits based on the adjustment of the new cooperative medical scheme in western rural China.

BACKGROUND: The ultimate objective of rural health reform and development is to establish a mature healthcare service system that adapts to the socialist market economy and the developmental level of the Chinese economy and meets the health demands of the people. Reform of the payment system is one of the key elements. This article explores the effect of the system and the causes of benefit inequity, provides an objective evaluation of policy implementation and offers data support for policy adjustment. METHODS: A two-stage stratified random sampling data collection method comprising a survey in 2009 (the sample size was 3832 families) and a follow-up survey in 2015 (the sample size was 3992 families) was used. Qualitative data are presented as rates or ratios and the χ2 test was used for descriptive statistics. Quantitative data were analysed using a t test. A generalized linear model (GLM) with gamma distribution of the log connection function was adopted to analyse the factors of the compensation benefit inequity. The degree of the compensation benefit inequity contribution was analysed using the concentration index (CI) decomposition method and the Oaxaca decomposition method. RESULTS: Reimbursement refers to the reimbursement expense received by inpatients from the New Cooperative Medical System (NCMS). In the GLM, there were some positive factors for reimbursement in the NCMS, including economic level, level of health facility and deductibles. The CI decomposition analysis results show that the main factors that increased the compensation benefit inequity were economic levels and deductibles over the past 2 y. However, inpatient days (2009) and the actual reimbursement ratio (2015) decreased the inequity. The Oaxaca decomposition analysis results suggest that changes in compensation benefit inequity between 2009 and 2015 were more attributable to changes in economic status and variables related to policy compensation than to demographic variables. Conclusions: This study showed that inequity decreased from 2009 to 2015, which could be the result of adjustment of the compensation policy. However, we should remain vigilant lest the gap between the rich and the poor leads to an increase in inequity.

Vaccination coverage and associated factors of rural children under 7 years old in Ningxia / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the vaccination coverage and associated factors among children under 7 years old in rural areas of Ningxia in 2019, so as to provide a basis for better immunization plans and corresponding strategies in this region.@*Methods@#A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 1 144 children under 7 years old and their families in three rural counties of Ningxia. Demographic information, as well as primary and secondary immunization was investigated. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted on the relevant factors.@*Results@#In Ningxia, the coverage rate of primary vaccines for children under 7 years of age for hepatitis B vaccine, BCG vaccine and dpt vaccine was above 95%, polio vaccine 83.7%, measles vaccine 38.6%, "five vaccines" 33.8%, and the coverage rate of secondary vaccines was only 4.9%. There were statistically significant differences in the total vaccination rates of "five seedlings" in different ages, per capita annual income of different families, and whether they had received a health examination in the past year (χ2=33.60,13.17,29.96,P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the vaccination rates of secondary vaccines among different age groups, different inoculation units and whether received a physical examination in the last year (χ2=18.58, 8.45, 60.04, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the age of children and whether received physical examination in the last year were the relevant factors affecting the total inoculation of five seedlings(P<0.05). Age of children and inoculation unit were the relevant influencing factors affecting the secondary immunization(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The primary vaccination rate for children under the age of 7 in rural areas of Ningxia is kept at a high level, but the secondary vaccination rate is relatively low. It is suggested to strengthen publicity and education and establish effective mechanisms to improve the vaccination rate and protect the health of children in rural areas.

The association between awareness and behavior concerning the need for protection when using pesticide sprays and neurologic symptoms: A latent class cluster analysis.

Pesticide exposure is a major health risk factor among agricultural workers, and poor protective behavior and a lack of awareness concerning the risks of pesticide use in developing countries may increase the intensity of pesticide exposure. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationship between neurologic symptoms and protective behavior and awareness in relation to pesticide use in China. Latent class cluster analysis was used to categorize participants into 3 latent cluster subgroups, namely, a poor protective behavior subgroup, an excellent protective awareness and behavior subgroup, and a poor protective awareness subgroup, using a person-centered approach. Multivariate regression models were used to detect the association between the latent class cluster subgroups and self-reported neurologic symptoms. The results showed that poor protective behavior in pesticide use was an important negative predicator of neurologic symptoms such as reduced sleep quality, frequency of nightmares, debility, hypopsia, and hypomnesis. These findings suggest that targeted interventions for agricultural workers, especially local greenhouse farmers, are urgently needed to improve pesticide protection behavior.

Comparison of Self-Rated Health among Characteristic Groups of Vegetable Greenhouse Farmers Based on Exposure to Pesticide Residuals: A Latent Profile Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The current study was aimed at using a latent profile analysis (LPA) model to classify greenhouse farmers into a potential cluster according to their exposure to pesticide residuals. Further, the association between self-rated health (SRH) and the cluster exposed to pesticide residual was explored. METHODS: Four hundred sixty-four farmers from vegetable greenhouses were selected, their SRH information was gathered through questionnaires from the "Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS)" Version 1.0, and the corresponding pesticide residuals were detected in a laboratory. The linear mixed regression model was employed for association assessment. RESULTS: Two latent clusters were extracted as samples, and the results showed that a high amount of pesticide residual accounted for poor physical health, but did not show statistical significance. In addition, an inverse significant association was observed between psychosocial symptoms and negative emotion and pesticide residual level. Furthermore, a diversity of significant relationship was observed in social health and its corresponding dimensions with latent cluster. CONCLUSIONS: LPA offers a holistic and parsimonious method to identify high-risk health clusters of greenhouse workers in various health aspects and allows for a personality-targeted intervention by a local health department.

Relationships of urinary VEGF/CR and IL-6/CR with glomerular pathological injury in asymptomatic hematuria patients.

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have important functions in injury and repair processes of glomerular intrinsic cells. A study was conducted to analyze the urinary VEGF/creatinine (CR) and IL-6/CR levels in simple hematuria patients after excluding the interference of creatinine. We aimed to investigate the function and relationships of the above indices in the glomerular pathological injury process, and to elaborate the values of urinary VEGF and IL-6 changes in the diagnosis of asymptomatic hematuria or hematuria with proteinuria. MATERIAL/METHODS: A total of 121 renal hematuria patients diagnosed by clinical and laboratory tests were included as research subjects. The midstream fresh morning urine was collected on the day renal biopsy was performed. RESULTS: The IL-6/CR value of the group III was significantly greater than in group I (Z=-2.478, P<0.05), with a statistically significant difference between these 2 groups. The VEGF/CR value of group III was significantly greater than in group II (P<0.01). Compared with group I, the VEGF/CR of group III was significantly greater (Z=-4.65, P<0.01), with a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: The VEGF/CR and IL-6/CR values in simple hematuria patients were positively correlated with glomerular pathological injury scores. VEGF/CR and IL-6/CR might be used as biological diagnostic indicators in determining the extent of simple hematuria glomerular injury.