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BACKGROUND: Although exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with mental disorder, little is known about its potential effects on children and adolescents, especially in Chinese population. We aimed to reveal the relationship of air pollutants with hospital outpatient visits for child and adolescence psychiatry (HOVCAP) in Shenzhen. METHODS: A case-crossover study based on time-series data was applied, and a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to evaluate the non-linear and delayed effects of 4 major air pollutants (NO2, PM2.5, SO2 and O3) on HOVCAP. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to control the multicollinearity between covariates and to filter variables. RESULT: A total of 94,660 cases aged 3-18 were collected from 2014 to 2019 in the Mental Health Center of Shenzhen. Results of pollutants at mode value (M0) showed that in the single lag effect result, when the average daily concentration of NO2 at 24 µg/m3, there was a significant effect on HOVCAP over lag 1, lag 4 and lag 5, respectively. The cumulative RR of NO2 M0 value to the outpatient visits were 1.438 (1.137-1.818) over lag 0-2, 1.454 (1.120-1.887) over lag 0-3, 1.466 (1.084-1.982) over lag 0-4, 1.680 (1.199-2.354) over lag 0-5, 1.993 (1.369-2.903) over lag 0-6, and 2.069 (1.372-3.119) over lag 0-7. However, PM2.5, SO2, O3 were not associated with HOVCAP over neither single lag effects nor cumulative effects. The RR values both shown an increase either when NO2 increases by 10 units or when the maximum concentration of NO2 is reached. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that exposure to the normal air quality of NO2 in Shenzhen may associated with the risk of HOVCAP. However, PM2.5, SO2, O3 were not associated with HOVCAP.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Contaminación del Aire , Psiquiatría , Niño , Adolescente , Humanos , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Estudios Cruzados , Pacientes Ambulatorios , Dióxido de Nitrógeno , Contaminación del Aire/análisis , China/epidemiología , Hospitales , Material Particulado/análisisRESUMEN
Because the large number of people is suffering from asthma, and about half of them are not well controlled, new therapeutic approach and more effective medicines are therefore urgently needed. Recent studies have shown that bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) are expressed in various tissues, and T2Rs might be used as the new targets for asthma treatment since some bitter compounds show therapeutic potential for asthma therapies. In this study, the relationship between the development and exacerbation of asthma and bitter signal transduction was analyzed by establishing the asthma model in the C57BL/6 mice. The present results showed that the total number of white blood cells and the number of eosinophil, neutrophil, lymphocyte and macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were significantly increased (P < 0. 05), accompanied with the up-regulation of Muc5ac gene expression (P< 0. 01) and asthma-like pathologically changes in mice lungs in OVA or OVA+SO
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BackgroundAs the novel coronavirus triggering COVID-19 has broken out in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly worldwide, it threatens the lives of thousands of people and poses a global threat on the economies of the entire world. However, infection with COVID-19 is currently rare in children. ObjectiveTo discuss the latest findings and research focus on the basis of characteristics of children confirmed with COVID-19, and provide an insight into the future treatment and research direction. MethodsWe searched the terms "COVID-19 OR coronavirus OR SARS-CoV-2" AND "Pediatric OR children" on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, NIH, CDC, and CNKI. The authors also reviewed the guidelines published on Chinese CDC and Chinese NHC. ResultsWe included 25 published literature references related to the epidemiology, clinical manifestation, accessary examination, treatment, and prognosis of pediatric patients with COVID-19. ConclusionThe numbers of children with COVID-19 pneumonia infection are small, and most of them come from family aggregation. Symptoms are mainly mild or even asymptomatic, which allow children to be a risk factor for transmission. Thus, strict epidemiological history screening is needed for early diagnosis and segregation. This holds especially for infants, who are more susceptible to infection than other age groups in pediatric age, but have most likely subtle and unspecific symptoms. They need to be paid more attention to. CT examination is a necessity for screening the suspected cases, because most of the pediatric patients are mild cases, and plain chest X-ray do not usually show the lesions or the detailed features. Therefore, early chest CT examination combined with pathogenic detection is a recommended clinical diagnosis scheme in children. The risk factors which may suggest severe or critical progress for children are: Fast respiratory rate and/or; lethargy and drowsiness mental state and/or; lactate progressively increasing and/or; imaging showed bilateral or multi lobed infiltration, pleural effusion or rapidly expending of lesions in a short period of time and/or; less than 3 months old or those who underly diseases. For those critical pediatric patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, polypnea may be the most common symptom. For treatment, the elevated PCT seen in children in contrast to adults suggests that the underlying coinfection/secondary infection may be more common in pediatric patients and appropriate antibacterial treatment should be considered. Once cytokine storm is found in these patients, anti-autoimmune or blood-purifying therapy should be given in time. Furthermore, effective isolation measures and appropriate psychological comfort need to be provided timely.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical features of children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and related recurrence factors.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data and prognosis of 73 children with ADEM who were hospitalized from November 2011 to January 2017.@*RESULTS@#Among the 73 children, 41 (56%) had a history of infection before onset and 7 (10%) had a history of vaccination. All children had the symptoms of encephalopathy, including disturbance of consciousness in 47 children (64%) and mental and behavioral disorders in 54 children (74%). Pyrexia was observed in 53 children (73%), dyskinesia in 47 children (64%), headache in 47 children (64%) and vomiting in 40 children (55%). Brain MRI was performed for 65 children and the results showed involvement of the subcortical white matter (83%, 54/65), the deep nuclei (60%, 39/65), the brain stem (58%, 38/65) and the cerebellum (42%, 27/65). Spinal cord involvement was observed in 20 children (20/43, 47%). A total of 15 children experienced recurrence during follow-up. Compared with the non-recurrence group, the recurrence group had significantly higher percentages of children with deep nucleus involvement (P2 weeks (P2 weeks) may be associated with the recurrence of ADEM.
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Niño , Humanos , Encefalomielitis Aguda Diseminada , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Pronóstico , Recurrencia , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Objective To explore the effects of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) on central sensitivity and allodynia in rats with skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR)-induced persistent pain, so as to provide reference for elucidating the potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets of postoperative chronic pain. Methods A postoperative chronic pain rat model was induced by SMIR. Thirty-six male SD rats were randomized into sham group, 1, 5, 10, and 20 d after SMIR groups and SMIR+intrathecal injection of SDF-1 neutralizing antibody group, with six rats in each group. The mechanical allodynia was determined with up-down method, and the expressions of SDF-1 were detected by Western blotting after surgery. Furthermore, 18 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=6), SMIR group (n=6) and SMIR+anti-SDF-1 group (SDF-1 neutralizing antibody was given on the surface of the spinal cord, n=6). The long-term potentiation (LTP) of C-fiber-evoked potentials in the rat spinal dorsal horn was detected in the three groups. Results The SDF-1 expressions were significantly increased on the 5, 10 and 20 days after SMIR versus the sham group (all P<0.05). The pain threshold of rats was significantly reduced after SMIR versus the sham group (P<0.01). Compared with the sham group, intrathecal injection of SDF-1 neutralizing antibody significantly suppressed the mechanical allodynia induced by SMIR (P<0.05). The LTP was significantly increased one hour after SMIR (P<0.01), and SDF-1 neutralizing antibody given on the surface of the spinal cord significantly inhibited the increased LTP induced by SMIR (P<0.01). Conclusion SDF-1 of the spinal dorsal horn is involved in SMIR-induced central sensitivity and allodynia in rats, but the specific mechanism is still unclear.
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Objective The aim of this research is to identify and compare the adjustment levels in patients with temporary and permanent colostomy, and to provide evidence to improve nursing performance. Methods In the First, Second, and Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 52 patients with colorectal stoma participated in the research and completed the questionnaire of OAS (Ostomy Adjustment Scale) and demographic data. The data were established using Epidata 3.1, then analyzed with SPSS 17.0. The results were described using frequency, mean, stand deviations, and p values.Results Patients with permanent colostomy gained higher scores in OAS scores and psychological adaptation. Patients with temporary colostomy had higher scores in physical adaptation and social adaptation. Conclusion The nursing staff will promote the quality of life for this population from multiple perspectives in the future.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analyze the capabilities of Plasmodium microscopic examinations in medical and health organizations in Dongxihu District, Wuhan City, so as to provide evidences for achieving the standard of malaria elimination and malaria control in the future. METHODS: The basic information of the laboratorians and the hardware facilities in 15 microscopic examination stations of Plasmodium were collected and analyzed from 2010 to 2015. Meanwhile, the quality of making, dyeing, cleanliness of all the negatives blood smears were evaluated, and all the positive smears were re-checked in the district during the period above mentioned. RESULTS: Totally, there were 28 laboratorians and 9 qualified microscopes in 15 microscopy stations in Dongxihu District. The age of the laboratorians in the first-level and third-level organizations was mainly from 40 to 50 years old, but the age of those in the second-level organizations was from 20 to 30 years old. The years for microscopic examination working of most of the laboratorians in the first-level and third-level organizations were more than 15 years, while the working years of those in the second-level organizations were mainly less than 10 years. The education level of the laboratorians in the first-level organization was mainly (50.00%) junior college, while the education levels of those in the second and third organizations were mainly bachelor. From 2010 to 2015, 8 561 blood smears were produced and 539 of them were reviewed, the coincidence rates of review were all 100%, and the average qualified rates of making, dyeing, and cleanliness of the negative blood smears were 82.08%, 79.92% and 83.33%, respectively. All the rates mentioned above in 2015 were higher than those in 2010 (χ2 = 26.45, 16.85, 13.93, all P ï¼ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The capability of microscopic examinations of Plasmodium has improved obviously in Dongxihu District, but the human resources construction and hardware input in this district should be improved, meanwhile, the check on the quality control of microscopic examinations of Plasmodium should be continued, so as to guarantee the sustainable and healthy development of malaria control work in this district.
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Malaria/diagnóstico , Microscopía/normas , Plasmodium/aislamiento & purificación , Competencia Profesional , Adulto , China , Ciudades , Humanos , Malaria/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , Control de Calidad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a refractory glaucoma. The management of NVG is very difficult, and it is more difficult when combined with vitreous hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ranibizumab plus combined surgery for NVG with vitreous hemorrhage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 26 eyes of 26 NVG patients with vitreous hemorrhage were recruited in this study. The patients aged from 36 to 63 years with a mean age of 51.97 ± 7.60 years. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was 46.38 ± 5.75 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) while being treated with the maximum medical therapy. The mean best-corrected visual acuities converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR BCVA) was 2.62 ± 0.43. All the patients underwent intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg (0.05 ml) ranibizumab combined with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), pars plana lensectomy (PPL) with a preserved anterior capsule, panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), and trabeculectomy (intravitreal ranibizumab [IVR] + PPV + PPL + PRP + trabeculectomy). The IOP and logMAR BCVA were the main outcome measures in this study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The follow-up period was 12 months. The mean postoperative IOPs were 26.38 ± 3.75 mmHg, 21.36 ± 3.32 mmHg, 18.57 ± 3.21 mmHg, and 16.68 ± 2.96 mmHg, respectively at 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 12 months after PPV + PPL + PRP + trabeculectomy. At the last follow-up, the mean IOP was significantly lower than the preoperative one (t = 6.612, P = 0.001). At 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 12 months after PPV + PPL + PRP + trabeculectomy, the mean logMAR BCVA were 1.30 ± 0.36, 1.29 ± 0.37, 1.29 ± 0.39, and 1.26 ± 0.29, respectively. At the last follow-up, the mean logMAR BCVA was significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant compared with preoperative one (t = 6.133, P = 0.002). The logMAR BCVA improved in 22 eyes (84.62%), and remained stable in 4 eyes (15.38%). The neovascularization in the iris and the angle regressed significantly in all patients 7 days after ranibizumab injection. No serious complications occurred during 12 months of the study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IVR + PPV + PPL + PRP + trabeculectomy can control IOP well and improve BCVA without severe complication for NVG patients with vitreous hemorrhage.</p>
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Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Glaucoma Neovascular , Quimioterapia , Cirugía General , Presión Intraocular , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Ranibizumab , Usos Terapéuticos , Trabeculectomía , Vitrectomía , Hemorragia Vítrea , Quimioterapia , Cirugía GeneralRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the molecular mechanism of curcumin in human esophageal carcinoma cell line (EC109).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EC109 cells were cultivated in vitro. When 80%-90% confluence was reached, they were treated with curcumin in different concentrations (15-120 µmol/L). The effects on cell proliferation were examined by CCK-8 colorimetry. The ultrastructure of EC109 cells were detected with transmission electron microscope(TEM). The cells apoptosis was observed with laser confocal microscope(LCM) by AnnexinV-FITC/PI double staining. The proteins level of PTEN, AKT, GSK3β and Caspase 3 were tested by flow cytometry(FCM) .</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CCK-8 test showed that curcumin could inhibit the proliferation of EC109 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. TEM and LCM examinations indicated that curcumin could make EC109 cells apoptosis. The data of FCM showed that curcumin could increase the expression of PTEN, GSK3β and Caspase 3, decreased the expression of AKT.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The effects of curcumin on inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of EC109 cells were related with increased expression of PTEN and inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.</p>
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Humanos , Apoptosis , Caspasa 3 , Metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Curcumina , Farmacología , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Metabolismo , Glucógeno Sintasa Quinasa 3 , Metabolismo , Glucógeno Sintasa Quinasa 3 beta , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN , Metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt , Metabolismo , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibition effect of curcumin on the proliferation of the human esophageal carcinoma cell line Ec109 and its impact on PEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Esophageal carcinoma Ec109 cells were cultured in vitro conventionally and were treated with curcumin at different concentrations. The cell proliferation level was examined by MIT colorimetry, the ultrastructure of curcumin-treated Ec109 cells were detected with transmission electron microscope (TEM) and cell apoptosis was observed by FCM with AnnexinV-FITC/PI double staining. The protein levels of PTEN, Akt, GSK3P and Caspase 3 of curcumin-treated Ec109 cells were detected by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MTT test showed that curcumin could inhibit the proliferation of Ec109 cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner. TEM examination indicated that curcumin could induce Ec109 cell apoptosis. FCM detection showed that Ec109 cell apoptotic rate increased significantly with the increase of drug concentration. On the other hand, curcumin could promote the expression of PTEN, GSK3beta and Caspase 3 yet reduce the expression of Akt.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Curcumin could obviously up-regulate the expression of PTEN, GSK3beta and Caspase 3, surpress PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and hence inhibit the proliferation of Ec109 cells.</p>
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Humanos , Apoptosis , Caspasa 3 , Metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Curcumina , Farmacología , Glucógeno Sintasa Quinasa 3 , Metabolismo , Glucógeno Sintasa Quinasa 3 beta , Proteína Oncogénica v-akt , Metabolismo , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN , Metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Metabolismo , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Objective To observe the influence of U75302, blocker of leukotriene B4 receptor 1, on immune function in septic mice, so as to explore the implication of blocking leukotriene B4 receptor 1 for treatment of sepsis. Methods Experimental sepsis model was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). A total of 18 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham group (n=6), CLP group (n=6) and CLP + U75302 intraperitoneal injection group (n = 6). The peripheral blood cytokine tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels, peritoneal lavage fluid Gr-1+ cell count and thymus T lymphocytes apoptosiswere detected in mice of three groups 24 h after surgery. Results Compared with the CLP group, CLP + U75302 intraperitoneal injection group had significantly reduced blood TNF-α level (by 43%, P< 0. 05), significantly increased IL-10 levll (by 88%, P<0. 05), signficantly decreased Gr-1+ cell counts in peritoneal lavage fluid (P<0. 05), and significantly decreased apoptosis of thymus T lymphocytes (P<0. 01). Conclusion Blocking leukotriene B4 receptor 1 with U75302 may decrease peripheral TNF-α level, increase IL-10 level, and improve cellular immunity, which may be involved in inflammation of sepsis.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Myopia is a common disorder and the incidence has increased yearly, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-Met in the development of lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty one-week-old guinea pigs were chosen. The right eyes were treated with -10.0 diopters (D) lenses as the lens-induced myopia group; the left eyes remained untreated as the control group. Six weeks later, refractive status and axial length were determined by streak retinoscopy and A-scan ultrasonography, respectively. The guinea pigs were killed and both eyes collected. Morphological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression levels of HGF, c-Met, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) mRNA and protein in the posterior sclera were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lens-induced myopia group became myopic with a significant increase in axial length and a significant decrease in refraction. Compared with the control group, the posterior retina and sclera were thinner in the lens-induced myopia group. The expression levels of HGF and MMP-2 mRNA and protein and of phosphorylated c-Met protein were significantly higher in the posterior sclera of the lens-induced myopia group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). In the lens-induced myopia group, the expression level of MMP-2 in the posterior sclera positively correlated with the expression level of HGF (r = 0.902, P < 0.05) and phosphorylated c-Met (r = 0.885, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HGF/c-Met might play a role in the development of lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs by upregulating the expression of MMP-2.</p>
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Animales , Cobayas , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito , Metabolismo , Miopía , Metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-met , MetabolismoRESUMEN
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and the interventional effects of hysteria in leftbehind children in Chongqing rural area for early detection,early treatment and prevention of the disease.Methods One hundred and three left-behind children aged from 7 to 17 years were diagnosed as hysteria from Jun.2008 to Jun.2011.Their general information,clinical presentations were analyzed retrospectively.After comprehensive intervention,they were assessed the clinical efficacy in accordance with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale,and some of them were tested by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Symptom Checklist (SCL-90).Results There were many clinical forms of hysteria in 103 left-behind children.Physical dysfunction accounted for 72 cases(69.90%),whose symptoms were mainly paralysis and convulsive seizure,which was significantly higher than mental disorder(5 cases,4.9%).The mixed episode of physical dysfunction and mental disorder accounted for 26 cases (25.40%).Seventy-eight cases (75.73 %) were cured,19 cases (18.45%) improved significantly,and 6 cases (5.83%) improved respectively after intervention of 3 to 12 days.Emotional instability accounted for 12 cases(63.16%) in personality factors with EPQ test in 19 cases.Their factors of somatization,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,and hostility with SCL-90 significantly decreased(all P <0.05) after intervention of 7 to 12 days.Conclusions The main forms of hysteria in leftbehind children in Chongqing rural area are physical dysfunction and mixed episode,which are paralysis and convulsive seizure.Emotional instability is common in personality factors for them.It can be achieved good results of hysteria in left-behind children to pay attention to the emotional exchange between the children and their parents,early detect,early treat and active prevent the disease.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of liver X receptor (LXR) agonist on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) implantation into infarcted hearts of mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>AD-MSC(Fluc+) which stably expressed firefly luciferase (Fluc) were isolated from β-actin-Fluc transgenic mice and characterized by flow cytometry. Male FVB mice were randomly allocated into the following four groups (n = 10 each): (1) sham group; (2) MI + PBS group; (3) MI + AD-MSC(Fluc+) group; (4) MI + AD-MSC(Fluc+) + LXR agonist (T0901317) group. AD-MSC(Fluc+) or PBS were injected intramyocardial into peri-infarcted region of mice heart after permanent left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was performed for quantification of injected cells retention and survival. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The AD-MSC(Fluc+) were positive for CD44 and CD90 by flow cytometry. BLI evidenced the firefly luciferase expression of AD-MSC(Fluc+) which was positively correlated with cell numbers (r(2) = 0.98). The results of BLI in vivo revealed that LXR agonist could improve the survival of AD-MSC(Fluc+) at day 7, 14 and 21 after transplantation compared with AD-MSC(Fluc+) alone group. Cardiac function was further improved in combination therapy group compared with AD-MSC(Fluc+) alone group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LXR agonist T0901317 can improve the retention and survival of intramyocardial injected AD-MSC(Fluc+) post-MI, and the combination therapy of T0901317 and AD-MSC(Fluc+) has a synergetic effect on improving cardiac function in this model.</p>
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Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Hidrocarburos Fluorados , Usos Terapéuticos , Receptores X del Hígado , Trasplante de Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Métodos , Ratones Transgénicos , Infarto del Miocardio , Mortalidad , Cirugía General , Receptores Nucleares Huérfanos , Sulfonamidas , Usos Terapéuticos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the clinical effect of the maltitol chewing gums in plaque control.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty 13-15 years old susceptible adolescent were divided into three groups randomly, group A (maltitol chewing gums), group B (xylitol chewing gums) and group C (gum base chewing gums). Subjects chewed gums 5 times each day, 10 min each time. At baseline and at 4-week, subjects were evaluated for supragingival plaque. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four weeks later, plaque index of the three groups continuously step down. Significant difference was observed between baseline and 4-week (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.006). Four weeks later, there was statistically significant difference in clearance rate of plaque among the three groups (P = 0.015). There was still no statistically significant difference between group A and group B (P = 0.687), but they were both different from C group(P = 0.019, 0.007).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Maltitol chewing gum can lead to similar effect on reduction of plaque as xylitol chewing gum.</p>
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Adolescente , Humanos , Goma de Mascar , Placa Dental , Índice de Placa Dental , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Maltosa , Alcoholes del Azúcar , XilitolRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the anticancerous effect of Fuganchun 6 (FGC-6) and its immunoregulatory effect on tumor-bearing mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The mice inoculated by H22 cells were divided into 5 groups: model group, 5-Fu group and FGC-6 in high dose, medium dose, and low dose groups. The normal mice were also observed. These mice were treated for 10 days. The weight of tumor mass and mouse were examined. The target-cell-killing activity of NK cells. The proliferation activity of lymphocyte and the production of IL-2 of murine splenocytes were detected respectively. The serum containing FGC-6 was prepared and its inhibition effect on H22 cells was examined by MTT assay and growth curve in vitro.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Growth of tumor was inhibited markedly by FGC-6 high dose. The inhibition of serum containing FGC-6 on the proliferation of H22 cells in vitro was observerd in a dose and time-dependent manner. The target-cell-killing activity of NK cells and the production of IL-2 of murine splenocytes of model group were lower than those of normal group (P < 0.05). When compared with model group, FGC-6 in high dose elevated the two indexes above-mentioned, and also enhanced the proliferation activity of lymphocyte markedly (P < 0.05). The production of IL-2 of murine splenocytes was also improved when treated by FGC-6 in medium dose (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FGC-6 can inhibite the growth of H22 cells markedly and also can strengthen the immunity of H22 transplanted mouse.</p>
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Animales , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos , Farmacología , Línea Celular , Proliferación Celular , Combinación de Medicamentos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Farmacología , Interleucina-2 , Metabolismo , Células Asesinas Naturales , Alergia e Inmunología , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentales , Alergia e Inmunología , Patología , Linfocitos , Patología , Plantas Medicinales , Química , Bazo , Biología Celular , MetabolismoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Seizure is a common emergency in children with complicated pathogeny. Seizures are usually caused by complicated etiology and fever and febrile seizure are the commonest causes. Repeated and permanent seizures can damage the brain. So it is important to take active and effective measures to control seizure and high fever. Because most seizures and fever take place at home or out of hospital and it is difficult to administer drugs intravenously, it is important to explore an easy, safe, quick and effective way to control and prevent both seizure and fever. The present study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of rectal administration of mixed ibuprofen and diazepam (IBU-DZP) solution.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) Animal study on the pharmacokinetics in rabbits and pharmacodynamics in rats after rectal administration with the mixed solution and on the irritability of the mixed solution to rectum. (2) Clinical study: Pharmacokinetics of the mixed solution in children after rectal administration were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Animal study: IBU and DZP were both rapidly absorbed from rectum with a peak blood level of (11.7 +/- 1.2) min and (9.4 +/- 2.7) min in rabbits, respectively. The mixed solution could effectively prevent the severity of seizures induced by pentetrazole and significantly suppressed fever induced by yeast. There were no remarkable pathological changes in rectal tissues after repeated rectal administration of the mixed solution. (2) Clinical study: IBU and DZP rapidly reached their peak blood levels at about 30 min and 15 min respectively after rectal administration to the children. The peak values were (57.8 +/- 7.9) mg/L and (450.1 +/- 158.7) microg/L, respectively. In fact, both of them reached levels that were much higher than their therapeutic levels in serum just at 5 min after administration, their blood levels were (41.4 +/- 5.5) mg/L and (321.8 +/- 53.9) microg/L, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IBU-DZP mixed solution administered rectally is an easy, safe, quick and effective way to control and prevent both seizure and fever.</p>