[Content, Distribution, Source Analysis, and Risk Assessment of PAHs in Arable Soils of Taiyuan].

PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) accumulated in arable soils have significant impacts on farmland quality and human health, which has attracted wide attention from scientists and the public. A total of 22 arable soil samples were collected from Taiyuan, an old industrial city, including three districts (industrial zones, hilly areas, and sewage irrigation area), and the contents of 21 PAHs were detected using the GC-MS method. The sources of PAHs in soils were analyzed using the diagnostic ratios (DRs) method and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, and the soil health risks were analyzed using the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model. The results indicated that the average concentrations of Σ21PAHs and Σ16PAHs in arable soils of Taiyuan were 934.6 ng·g-1 and 787.7 ng·g-1, respectively, which were lower than the soil pollution risk screening value of agricultural land stipulated in GB 15168-2018. 3-5 rings PAHs were the dominant components, accounting for~90% of the Σ21PAHs. Approximately 60% of sites in industrial zones, 13% in hilly areas, and 33% in the sewage irrigation area had high PAHs contents larger than 1000 ng·g-1. The spatial distribution of PAHs showed that more severe PAHs pollution in the soil occurred in industrial areas than that in the other two districts. The DRs suggested that the combustion of coals, bio-masses, and traffic emissions were the dominant sources for PAHs pollution in arable soils in Taiyuan. The simulation results of the PMF model indicated that the sources and contribution rates of PAHs in cultivated soils were coal and biomass burning sources (59%), traffic sources (22%), and coking sources (19%). The risk assessment confirmed that the arable soils in Taiyuan had high potential carcinogenic risks; thus, more attention should be paid to the PAHs pollutions in arable soils.

Current status and progress of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: A review.

After 30 years of development, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) has become the main method for treating adult inguinal hernia. LIHR is more standardized, the approach of single-port laparoscopic hernioplasty, the advantages of robotic inguinal hernioplasty, the application of new patches and the selection of surgical methods for different populations have become the focus and difficulty of current research. This article summarized the research progress of LIHR in recent years. Different keywords and phrases including inguinal hernia, LIHR, transabdominal laparoscopic preperitoneal hernia repair, and total extraperitoneal hernia repair were used to search the PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Web of Science databases for related original and review articles that serve the aim of this article well, which was to perform a nonsystematic review of the development, progress, and current status of LIHR.

[Using geographical detection to analyze responses of vegetation growth to climate change in the Loess Pla-teau, China]. / 基于地理探测的黄土高原植被生长对气候的响应.

In order to explore the responses of different vegetation types to climatic change in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), we analzyed the changes of different vegetation types and their relationships with meteorological factors using trend analysis, Hurst index, and geographical detector model based on normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The results showed that NDVI of different vegetation types from 2002 to 2019 was dominated by a growing trend and codirectional moderate persistence. The NDVI of crops in the built-up and adjacent areas decreased significantly. Except for grassland or meadow that was affected by mixed pixels, the spatial variation of NDVI was significant in the growing season (from April to October). The mean NDVI of different vegetation types followed an oder: coniferous forest > broadleaved forest > scrub > meadow > grassland > crop > steppe > desert. The interactions between meteorological factors were synergistic and non-linear enhancement in the CLP. Moreover, the interaction was more prominent under steppe and desert where habitat was fragile. The synergistic effect of precipitation and temperature had a great influence on all vegetation types. Water vapor, relative humidity, sunshine duration, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed had different explanatory powers on NDVI through indirectly affec-ting hydrothermal conditions.

[Spatial change of the grain-size of aeolian sediments in Qira oasis-desert ecotone, Northwest China]. / 策勒绿洲-æ²™æ¼ è¿‡æ¸¡å¸¦é£Žæˆæ²‰ç§¯ç‰©ç²’åº¦çš„ç©ºé—´å˜åŒ–.

In order to understand the environmental influence of oasis-desert ecotone to oasis ecological system, we comparatively analyzed the grain size characteristics of various aeolian sediments, including the sediments in oasis-desert ecotone, shelterbelt and the inside oasis and in Qira River valley. The results showed that the grain size characteristics (including grain-size distribution curve, grain size parameters, and content of different size classes) of sediments in the oasis-desert ecotone were consistent along the prevailing wind direction with a grain-size range of 0.3-200 µm and modal size of 67 µm. All of the sediments were good sorting and mainly composed of suspension components and saltation components, but not denatured saltation and creeping components (>200 µm). They were typically aeolian deposits being short-range transported. The grain sizes of sediments in oasis-desert ecotone were smaller than that in the material sources of Qira River valley and desert (0.3-800 µm), but very similar to those of the modern aeolian deposits in oasis-desert ecotone, shelterbelt and the inside oasis. The denatured saltation and creep components (>200 µm) were suppressed to transport into oasis-desert ecotone because of the high vegetation cover in oasis-desert ecotone. Therefore, like the shelterbelts, the oasis-desert ecotone could also block the invasion of desert. They safeguarded the oasis ecological environment together.

Application of Prussian blue staining in the diagnosis of ocular siderosis.

AIM: To explore the value of Prussian blue staining in the diagnosis of ocular siderosis. METHODS: Between January 2012 and January 2013, the Prussian blue stain used in anterior lens capsule and vitreous liquid after centrifugation from patients with definitive diagnosis and suspicious diagnosed of ocular siderosis. At the same time, give a negative control. RESULTS: Anterior lens capsule membrane and liquid of vitreous cavity from patients with definitive diagnosis and suspicious diagnosed of ocular siderosis revealed ferric ions that stained positively with Prussian blue. In the control group, there is no positive reaction. CONCLUSION: Prussian blue staining in the diagnosis of ocular siderosis has a very significant worth, suspected cases can be definitive diagnosed.

[Effects of salt stress on Nitraria roborowskii growth and physiological characteristics of stress resistance].

A pot experiment was conducted to study the influences of different NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mmol x L(-1)) on the growth, leaf hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malonaldehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes activity, water potential, soluble sugar and proline contents of Nitraria roborowskii. The results showed that the growth of N. roborowskii was not affected at lower NaCl concentrations (< or = 50 mmol L(-1)), while the SOD, POD, CAT and APX activities in leaves of N. roborowskii were increased. However, higher NaCl concentrations (> 50 mmol x L(-1)) restrained the growth parameters of crown area, number of branches, dry mass of leaf, branch and lateral root, and remarkably reduced the SOD, POD and CAT activities, soluble sugar and proline contents in leaves of N. roborowskii. H2O2 and MDA contents in leaves were increased and water potential was reduced with increasing NaCl concentrations.