Antitumor activity of fucoidan in anaplastic thyroid cancer via apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis.

The present study demonstrated the effect of fucoidan, isolated from Fucus vesiculosus, on cell growth and apoptosis in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. The cell viability was analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit­8 cell proliferation kit. Diamidino-2-phenylindole and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick­end labeling assays were used to examine the apoptotic effect of fucoidan, which revealed the presence of apoptotic bodies and DNA fragmentation. Fucoidan inhibited the growth of FTC133 and TPC1 ATC cells in a dose­dependent manner. It also induced the apoptosis of FTC133 cells by promoting the expression levels of cleaved poly ADP­ribose polymerase and caspase­3. Significant decreases in the levels expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor were observed in the FTC133 cells following treatment of the cells with fucoidan. In addition, inhibition in tube formation and the migration of FTC133 cells were observed in the cells treated with fucoidan, compared with the cells in the control group. Therefore, fucoidan inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis and suppressed angiogenesis in the thyroid cancer cells.

Over-Expression of POU Class 1 Homeobox 1 Transcription Factor (Pit-1) Predicts Poor Prognosis for Breast Cancer Patients.

BACKGROUND: The POU class 1 homeobox 1 transcription factor (POU1F1, also known as Pit-1) was reported to be associated with tumor progression and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of Pit-1 in breast cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The relative expression levels of Pit-1 in breast cancer patients were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Chi-square analysis was used to analyze the association between Pit-1 expression and clinical features. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the overall survival of the patients and Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic value of Pit-1. RESULTS: Increased expression of Pit-1 was detected in the tumor tissues compared with the normal tissues (1.086 vs. 0.541) and the abnormal expression was associated with tumor size, clinical stage, tumor grade, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). High expression level of Pit-1 was significantly associated with poor overall survival of the patients (P=0.001) and Cox regression analysis indicated that Pit-1 might be a prognostic factor for breast cancer prognosis (HR=1.955, 95% CI=1.295-3.035, P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Pit-1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for breast cancer patients and it is associated with tumor progression.

Combination of miR-21 with Circulating Tumor Cells Markers Improve Diagnostic Specificity of Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Circulating miR-21 is upregulated in breast cancer. However, correlation of miR-21 expression with clinic pathologic characteristics remains questionable. In this study, we investigate whether combination of circulation miR-21 with circulating tumor cells (CTCs) marker (EpCAM, MUS1, HER2) could improve diagnostic specificity of metastatic breast cancer. Total 223 breast cancer patients were included. 89 % patients were associated with upregulation of miR-21 compared with health control. 20 % patients were detected for CTCs marker positive. For higher specificity purpose, triple marker positive samples were selected as true CTCs positive, which only occupied 59.5 % of total metastatic breast cancer patients. Specificity of detection of CTCs was 96.7 %. Furthermore, 59.5 % metastatic breast cancer patients were shown both abnormal miR-21 and true CTCs positive according to distribution of true CTCs positive and abnormal miR-21; Combination of miR-21 and CTCs was increased specificity of metastatic detection to 100 %. Our findings suggested that combination of miR-21 with CTCs marker could be used for better diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer in the future.