Resveratrol attenuates non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced intestinal injury in rats in a high-altitude hypoxic environment by modulating the TLR4/NFκB/IκB pathway and gut microbiota composition.

INTRODUCTION: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are currently the most widely used anti-inflammatory medications, but their long-term use can cause damage to the gastrointestinal tract(GIT). One of the risk factors for GIT injury is exposure to a high-altitude hypoxic environment, which can lead to damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier. Taking NSAIDs in a high-altitude hypoxic environment can exacerbate GIT injury and impact gut microbiota. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms by which resveratrol (RSV) intervention alleviates NSAID-induced intestinal injury in a high-altitude hypoxic environment, as well as its role in regulating gut microbiota. METHODS: Aspirin was administered orally to rats to construct a rat model of intestinal injury induced by NSAIDs. Following the induction of intestinal injury, rats were administered RSV by gavage, and the expression levels of TLR4, NF-κB,IκB as well as Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1) and Occludin proteins in the different treatment groups were assessed via Western blot. Furthermore, the expression of the inflammatory factors IL-10, IL-1ß, and TNF-α was evaluated using Elisa.16sRNA sequencing was employed to investigate alterations in the gut microbiota. RESULTS: The HCk group showed elevated expression of TLR4/NF-κB/IκB pathway proteins, increased expression of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1ß and TNF-α, decreased expression of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, and expression of intestinal mucosal barrier proteins ZO-1 and Occludin. The administration of NSAIDs drugs in the plateau hypoxic environment exacerbates intestinal inflammation and damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier. After treatment with RSV intervention, the expression of TLR4/NF-κB/IκB signaling pathway proteins would be reduced, thereby lowering the expression of inflammatory factors in the HAsp group. The results of HE staining directly show the damage to the intestines and the repair of intestinal mucosa after RSV intervention. 16sRNA sequencing results show significant differences (P<0.05) in Ruminococcus, Facklamia, Parasutterella, Jeotgalicoccus, Coprococcus, and Psychrobacter between the HCk group and the Ck group. Compared to the HCk group, the HAsp group shows significant differences (P<0.05) in Facklamia, Jeotgalicoccus, Roseburia, Psychrobacter, and Alloprevotella. After RSV intervention, Clostridium_sensu_stricto bacteria significantly increase compared to the HAsp group. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol can attenuate intestinal damage caused by the administration of NSAIDs at high altitude in hypoxic environments by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB/IκB signaling pathway and gut microbiota composition.

Rapid diagnosis of celiac disease based on plasma Raman spectroscopy combined with deep learning.

Celiac Disease (CD) is a primary malabsorption syndrome resulting from the interplay of genetic, immune, and dietary factors. CD negatively impacts daily activities and may lead to conditions such as osteoporosis, malignancies in the small intestine, ulcerative jejunitis, and enteritis, ultimately causing severe malnutrition. Therefore, an effective and rapid differentiation between healthy individuals and those with celiac disease is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. This study utilizes Raman spectroscopy combined with deep learning models to achieve a non-invasive, rapid, and accurate diagnostic method for celiac disease and healthy controls. A total of 59 plasma samples, comprising 29 celiac disease cases and 30 healthy controls, were collected for experimental purposes. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Multi-Scale Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN), Residual Network (ResNet), and Deep Residual Shrinkage Network (DRSN) classification models were employed. The accuracy rates for these models were found to be 86.67%, 90.76%, 86.67% and 95.00%, respectively. Comparative validation results revealed that the DRSN model exhibited the best performance, with an AUC value and accuracy of 97.60% and 95%, respectively. This confirms the superiority of Raman spectroscopy combined with deep learning in the diagnosis of celiac disease.

Serum anti-mullerian hormone, sex hormone, and nutrient levels in reproductive age women with celiac disease.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the changes in serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) levels, sex hormone levels, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)/luteinizing hormone (LH) ratio in patients with celiac disease (CeD), and their correlation with clinical characteristics and nutrient levels. METHODS: This cross-sectional study collected clinical and biochemical data from a total of 67 females diagnosed with CeD and 67 healthy females within the reproductive age range of 18-44 years. The study was conducted at a tertiary hospital between September 2016 and January 2024. Both groups underwent comprehensive clinical and laboratory assessments. Serum levels of AMH and sex hormones were quantified using chemiluminescence immunoassay, and their associations with CeD clinical features and nutrient levels were thoroughly analyzed. RESULTS: The study included 67 patients and 67 controls with a mean age of 36.7±7.6 years. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in mean age, BMI, FSH, LH, E2, P levels, FSH/LH, menstrual irregularities, abortions history, parity, and gravidity (all P>0.05). However, AMH, T, FER, FA, Zn, and Se levels were significantly lower, and PRL levels were higher in the CeD group (all P<0.05). Spearman's correlation analysis showed that AMH levels were negatively correlated with age, tTG level, disease duration, and Marsh grading (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the association between impaired ovarian function in CeD patients and disease severity and nutrient levels. Early detection and intervention for ovarian function abnormalities are imperative to enhance fertility potential in CeD patients.

Clinical characteristics of ulcerative colitis patients with different types of Helicobacter pylori infection.

There has been a suggestion of a potential protective effect of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC). Virulence factor is an important factor in H. pylori, but little is known about the clinical characteristics of ulcerative colitis. In this retrospective study, a total of 322 patients with UC were analyzed. They were divided into three groups based on H. pylori antibody typing classification: type I H. pylori infection group, type II H. pylori infection group, and H. pylori-negative group. The study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of different types of H. pylori infection groups. The proportions of disease course, nationality, clinical type, and disease severity among UC patients in different types of H. pylori infection groups exhibited statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in terms of sex, age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), or lesion range (P > 0.05). Among the extraintestinal manifestations, the incidence of joint lesions in the type I H. pylori infection group was significantly lower compared with H. pylori-negative group (P < 0.05). The levels of red blood cell, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, albumin, A/G, and alanine aminotransferase were significantly higher in the type I H. pylori infection group compared with both the type II H. pylori infection group and H. pylori-negative group in the hematology index. Conversely, the levels of D-Dimer, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly lower in the type II H. pylori infection group (P < 0.05). In patients with UC, infections with the highly virulent type I H. pylori exhibit a negative correlation with both the severity of the disease and extraintestinal manifestations. While infections with the less virulent type II H. pylori are negatively correlated only with the disease severity. Therefore, the virulence factors of H. pylori play an important role in the regulation of UC. IMPORTANCE: The number of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) has increased dramatically worldwide, posing a global public health challenge, There has been a suggestion of a potential protective effect of Helicobacter pylori in the development of UC. Virulence factor is an important factor in H. pylori, but high-quality clinical evidence is lacking. This study comprehensively analyzed the clinical characteristics of UC patients with different types of H. pylori infection. Infections with the highly virulent type I H. pylori are found to be negatively correlated with the severity of the disease as well as extraintestinal manifestations, whereas infections with the less virulent type II H. pylori demonstrate a negative correlation solely with disease severity. These results suggest that the virulence factors of H. pylori play a pivotal role in UC. Consequently, virulence factors should be taken into consideration when targeting H. pylori eradication in clinical practice, particularly in UC patients. It is crucial to evaluate the individual benefits to optimize personalized eradication therapies.