RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases are becoming with their risk factors a real health problem in Africa. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in the general population in Saint-Louis, Senegal. METHODOLOGY: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical made in May 2010, in the Senegalese aged 15, residing in the city of Saint-Louis, Senegal. A systematic random sampling and stratified cluster has been achieved. Cardiovascular risk factors for research were: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity and metabolic syndrome. RESULTS: The survey involved 1424 individuals with 983 women (69%). The average age was 43.4±17.8years. The prevalence of risk factors was: hypertension (46%), diabetes (10.4%), total cholesterol (36.3%), hyperLDLcholesterol (20.6%), obesity (body mass index≥30kg/m(2)) (23%), abdominal obesity (48.7% according to International Diabetes Federation and 33.2% according to National Cholesterol Education Program) physical inactivity (64.7%), smoking (5.8%) and metabolic syndrome (15.7%). There was predominance in women of risk factors except for smoking and diabetes. The overall cardiovascular risk was high in 24.9% according to the Framingham model, 28.8% (European Society of Hypertension) and 6.1% (SCORE). CONCLUSION: This survey found a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a general population in Senegal, predominant in women. This should lead to better develop a strategy to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Índice de Masa Corporal , Análisis por Conglomerados , Estudios Transversales , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/epidemiología , Dislipidemias/epidemiología , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/epidemiología , Obesidad Abdominal/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Muestreo , Senegal/epidemiología , Distribución por Sexo , Fumar/efectos adversosRESUMEN
We report a familial form of ventricular non compaction in a mother and two of her sons. It was a young man of 25 years who presented with NYHA stage III dyspnea and a cough with bloody sputum. The clinical examination found left ventricular failure. The echocardiogram done showed left ventricular dilatation with large trabeculae separated by deep intertrabecular recesses in both ventricles suggestive of a non-biventricular compaction. It was possible to note from the family screening by echocardiography of the mother and half-brother a left ventricular non compaction while they were asymptomatic. Thus we concluded a familial form of ventricular non-compaction. This is the first familial case described in Senegal.