Electrospun nanofibers as advanced wound dressing materials: comparative analysis of single-layered and multilayered nanofibers containing polycaprolactone, methylcellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.

The dressing materials that provide surface protection, bacteriostatic activities, and tissue regeneration are important for the treatment and management of complex wounds. This study aimed to evaluate the wound-healing properties of electrospun nanofibers containing a blend of methylcellulose (MC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The nanofibers were tested in single-layered (S-NFs) and multilayered (M-NFs) forms (PCL/MC-PVA/PCL). In vitro scratch assay using L929 cells and in vivo experiments on Wistar rats were conducted. The results showed that both S-NFs and M-NFs significantly accelerated wound closure by promoting cell migration. M-NFs demonstrated superior wound healing activity compared to S-NFs. Additionally, M-NFs exhibited faster skin epithelization compared to S-NFs. Histopathological evaluation confirmed the absence of irritation or lesions on the healed wound surface. Overall, the study concluded that these polymeric nanofibers have the potential to be used as self-wound healing dressings. They are safe, non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible.

Progresses in Nano-Enabled Platforms for the Treatment of Vaginal Disorders.

BACKGROUND: The most common vaginal disorders are within the uterus. According to the latest statistics, vaginal disorders occur in 50% to 60% of females. Although curative treatments rely on surgical therapy, still first-line treatment is a non invasive drug. Conventional therapies are available in the oral and parenteral route, leading to nonspecific targeting, which can cause dose-related side effects. Vaginal disorders are localized uterine disorders in which intrauterine delivery via the vaginal site is deemed the preferable route to mitigate clinical drug delivery limitations. OBJECTIVE: This study emphasizes the progress of site-specific and controlled delivery of therapeutics in the treatment of vaginal disorders and systemic adverse effects as well as the therapeutic efficacy. METHODS: Related research reports and patents associated with topics are collected, utilized, and summarized the key findings. RESULTS: The comprehensive literature study and patents like (US 9393216 B2), (JP6672370B2), and (WO2018041268A1) indicated that nanocarriers are effective above traditional treatments and have some significant efficacy with novelty. CONCLUSION: Nowadays, site-specific and controlled delivery of therapeutics for the treatment of vaginal disorders is essential to prevent systemic adverse effects and therapeutic efficacy would be more effective. Nanocarriers have therefore been used to bypass the problems associated with traditional delivery systems for the vaginal disorder.

State-of-the-Art and Projected Developments of Nanofiber Filter Material for Face Mask Against COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: The Covid-19 epidemic was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. It is difficult to foresee the future length and severity; it may extend to weeks, months, or even years to deplete the energy and resources of the health care facilities and the providers as there is marginal to no pharmacological medication available to treat the Covid-19. Unless an effective pharmacological treatment such as medicines and vaccines is developed and released publicly, wearing protective face masks and protecting personal health and hygiene is merely a choice to avoid the Covid-19 spread. This review summarizes the background knowledge on the Covid-19 disease and currently available face masks for highly infectious disease primary prevention. According to recent studies of Covid-19 prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, nanotechnologists have provided a revolutionary approach that involves both pharmacological and non-pharmacological steps, one of which is the use of nanofibers in facemasks and respirators. METHODS: Various researches carried out in the field of nanomask and patented reports based on the application of nanomask were reviewed. CONCLUSION: The most recent developments of nanofibers, including research publications, patents and commercial products in Covid-19 prevention, are extensively reviewed from scientific literature and appropriately represented in this study.

Recent Patents on Polymeric Electrospun Nanofibers and Their Applications in Drug Delivery.

BACKGROUND: In the recent years, polymeric nanofibers have gained lots of attention in the area of drug delivery applications. Owing to its simplicity, ease of composition method and high drug loading capacity, it provides various benefits for the therapeutic applications. Nanofibers are useful for the delivery of antibiotics, anticancer drugs, analgesic's agents and various proteins for drug delivery applications. Electrospinning method is widely used method for the preparation of nanofibers, based on their feasibility background for scale-up process from laboratory to the industrial applications. METHOD: A literature review was conducted to summarize the reported articles as well as patents that have been granted and filed for work related to nanofibers in drug delivery. Efforts have been made to include various types of research undertaken by the researchers for the fabrication of nanofiber and its application in drug delivery system. RESULTS: In this paper, a detailed information is reported about researches and developments related to electrospun polymer nanofibers including its fabrication process, structure, properties, characterization, applications, and patent. Amongst all the patents available, 18 most relevant granted patents and 14 filed patents was summarized in the review article. CONCLUSION: We expect that these fundamental applications of nanofibers could help the researchers to develop and gain knowledge about nanofibers in drug delivery application.