RESUMEN
Objective@#To explore the relationship between maternal emotional symptoms and emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) of preschool offspring, and to provide reference for prevention and intervention of emotional and behavior problems in preschool children.@*Methods@#A total of 4 100 preschool children aged 3-6 in Fuyang City were enrolled by stratified cluster sampling method in June 2021. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to investigate preschool children s EBPs and maternal emotional symptoms, respectively.@*Results@#The detection rates of preschool children s emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer interaction problems, prosocial behavior and difficulty scores were 15.7%, 17.4%, 20.0%, 32.3%, 15.1% and 15.8%, respectively. The detection rates of mother s depression, anxiety and stress symptoms were 7.9%, 12.7% and 4.8%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with children of mothers with no depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, offspring of mothers reported depression, anxiety and stress symptoms had significantly higher risks of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems and total difficulties ( OR=1.76-6.35, P <0.01). Maternal emotional symptoms had the most significant effect on children s emotional symptoms, and there was no significant correlation between maternal stress symptoms and children s prosocial behavior ( OR=1.40, P >0.05). There was no significant gender difference in the relationship between maternal emotional symptoms and children s emotional and behavioral problems ( ROR=0.73-1.07, P >0.05). For only children whose mothers reported stress symptoms showed a higher risk of emotional and behavior problems than non singleton children ( ROR=2.03, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Maternal emotional symptoms are related to preschool children s emotional and behavioral problems. Early identification and intervention of mother s negative emotional symptoms, are beneficial to the prevention of preschool children s emotional and behavioral problems.
RESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the relationship between orthostatic intolerance (OI) and body mass index (BMI), blood lipid and serum protein levels in children and adolescents.Methods:A total of 122 children and adolescents aged from 6 to 17 years old, who were diagnosed with OI at the Department of Pediatric Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from April 2018 to April 2019, were selected as the subjects.While, 56 children and adolescents in the health management center were selected as the healthy control group during the same period.Subjects were divided into syncope group and non-syncope group according to whether there was syncope in clinical history.The height and body mass of all children were measured, and venous blood were taken to detect blood lipids and serum protein in the morning.Date analysis were conducted with SPSS 22.0 software.Results:(1) The level of triglyceride in the OI group was lower than that in the healthy control group[(0.98±0.45) mmol/L vs. (1.28±1.04) mmol/L], and there was statistically significant( t=2.025, P<0.05); the BMI were respectively (17.56±3.23) kg/m 2 and (16.46±2.58) kg/m 2 in syncope group and non-syncope group, whose result indicated that the BMI in syncope group was higher than that in non-syncope group( t=2.085, P<0.05). (2) The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the triglyceride level was an independent risk factor for OI( OR=0.504, 95% CI: 0.272-0.931, P<0.05). (3) The receiver operating characteristic curve evaluated the predictive value of triacylgly-cerol to OI.Results showed the sensitivity and specificity of OI were respectively 72.1% and 48.2%when the triacylglycerol was 1.09 mmol/L. Conclusions:Low triglyceride level and high BMI may be susceptible factors to OI in children and adolescents.Therefore, the diet of children with OI should be highly valued by clinicians and parents.
RESUMEN
AIM: To study the protective effect and mechanism of rosuvastatin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: (1) Cerebral infarction and OGD/R cell models were established to detect the effects of different concentrations of rosuvastatin on cell proliferation and apoptosis; (2) Different concentrations of rosuvastatin were used to treat OGD/R cell models and to observe rosuvastatin effects on cell morphology and expression and localization of UCP2-SIRT3 in cells; (3) UCP2 silent cell line was constructed to observe cell mitochondrial morphology and expression and localization of TOMM20 and SIRT3 molecules in cells, and to study the channels and mechanisms that play a protective role of rosuvastatin in OGD/R cell model; (4) The mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial gene PGC1, Drp1 and Opa1 expression were detected to study the protective effect of rosuvastatin on mitochondria. RESULTS: (1) Rosuvastatin of different concentrations could significantly reduce OGD/R cell apoptosis and increase cell survival rate; (2) Rosuvastatin exerted cell protection by affecting the expression of UCP2 and SIRT3 in cells, thereby protecting cells from OGD/R injury; (3) Rosuvastatin affected the expression of TOMM20 by regulating UCP2, increased mitochondrial transmembrane transport and energy metabolism, enhanced mitochondrial function, and improved cell state and reduced apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Rosuvastatin inhibits mitochondrial damage of OGD/R cells by regulating UCP2/SIRT pathway, thereby exerting neuron protection.
RESUMEN
A few animals have been suspected to be intermediate hosts of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, a large-scale single-cell screening of SARS-CoV-2 target cells on a wide variety of animals is missing. Here, we constructed the single-cell atlas for 11 representative species in pets, livestock, poultry, and wildlife. Notably, the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 target cells in cat was found considerably higher than other species we investigated and SARS-CoV-2 target cells were detected in multiple cell types of domestic pig, implying the necessity to carefully evaluate the risk of cats during the current COVID-19 pandemic and keep pigs under surveillance for the possibility of becoming intermediate hosts in future coronavirus outbreak. Furthermore, we screened the expression patterns of receptors for 144 viruses, resulting in a comprehensive atlas of virus target cells. Taken together, our work provides a novel and fundamental strategy to screen virus target cells and susceptible species, based on single-cell transcriptomes we generated for domesticated animals and wildlife, which could function as a valuable resource for controlling current pandemics and serve as an early warning system for coping with future infectious disease threats.
RESUMEN
The outbreak of 2019-nCoV in the central Chinese city of Wuhan at the end of 2019 poses unprecedent public health challenges to both China and the rest world1. The new coronavirus shares high sequence identity to SARS-CoV and a newly identified bat coronavirus2. While bats may be the reservoir host for various coronaviruses, whether 2019-nCoV has other hosts is still ambiguous. In this study, one coronavirus isolated from Malayan pangolins showed 100%, 98.2%, 96.7% and 90.4% amino acid identity with 2019-nCoV in the E, M, N and S genes, respectively. In particular, the receptor-binding domain of the S protein of the Pangolin-CoV is virtually identical to that of 2019-nCoV, with one amino acid difference. Comparison of available genomes suggests 2019-nCoV might have originated from the recombination of a Pangolin-CoV-like virus with a Bat-CoV-RaTG13-like virus. Infected pangolins showed clinical signs and histopathological changes, and the circulating antibodies reacted with the S protein of 2019-nCoV. The isolation of a coronavirus that is highly related to 2019-nCoV in the pangolins suggests that these animals have the potential to act as the intermediate host of 2019-nCoV. The newly identified coronavirus in the most-trafficked mammal could represent a continuous threat to public health if wildlife trade is not effectively controlled.
RESUMEN
Antimicrobial resistance is a common problem in both veterinary and human medicine. The increasing incidence of multi-drug resistance and even pan-drug resistance is posing serious threat to public health and food safety. This review aimed to present an updated overview on antimicrobial resistance, covering the transmission mechanisms and its potential controlling strategies.
RESUMEN
Objective To evaluate the effects of electric coagulation or suture hemostasis on ovarian reservation function in laparoscopic ovarian cyst removal for ovarian endometriomas. Methods A total of 118 patients receiving laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy in our hospital from January 2011 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study.According to the habit of different operators,the patient were devided into either electric coagulation group(n =53)or suture group(n =65).The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2)and antral follicle count(AFC)of the two groups were observed and compared before surgery and one and six months after surgery. Results There were no differences in the levels of the FSH,LH,E2and AFC between the two groups before the surgery(P>0.05).The level of FSH was increased and those of E 2and AFC were declined in both groups at 1 month after the operation compared with those before operation(P <0.05).Moreover, there were more significant differences in FSH,E2,and AFC in the electric coagulation group(P <0.05).There was no significant difference in LH(P>0.05).The levels of FSH and E 2recovered in both groups at 6 months after operation.There was no difference in FSH and E 2 compared with the level before operation in the suture group(P>0.05), however, there was significant difference in the electric coagulation group(P<0.05). Conclusions The laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for ovarian endometriomas leads to decreased ovarian reserve.As compared to bipolar coagulation, suture hemostasis can effectively reduce the damage of ovarian function, which should be applied as possible as we can.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the infection situation of intestinal nematodes and knowledge about the prevention and control of intestinal nematodiasis,so as to explore the effective control measures in Jingjiang City. Methods The towns where more floating people lived were randomly selected and the infection situation of intestinal nematodes was investigated with Kato-Katz method,and the residents'awareness of the prevention and control of nematodiasis was surveyed with questionnaires. Re-sults From 2013 to 2015,totally 4555 local residents and 2278 floating people were investigated in Jingjiang City. The infec-tion rate of intestinal nematodes was 0.29%(13 cases)in the local people,while the rate was 0.75%(17 cases)in the floating people,and the difference was significant(χ2=7.380,P0.05). The awareness rate of intestinal nematodiasis prevention and control of the local residents was significantly higher than that of the floating peo-ple(χ2 =9.649-164.533,all P<0.01). Conclusion The floating people is the focus of intestinal nematodiasis control,and the health education of ancylostomiasis control should be strengthened in Jingjiang City.
RESUMEN
Objective The incidence rate of pressure ulcer is high in critical patients and off-loading mattresses and reposi-tioning are known as effective interventions for the prevention of pressure ulcers .However, evidence is lacking for selection of the right type of mattresses and suitable interval of repositioning .This study was to compare the effects of two types of off-loading mattresses with two different repositioning intervals in preventing pressure ulcers in critical patients . Methods According to the design of this ran-domized controlled trial , we made a training plan concerning the participants , methods of intervention and comparison , criteria and methods of observation , and methods of recording , and trained 26 nurses from 7 hospitals .Using non-inferiority design and the method of stratified blocked randomization , we divided 1194 patients with the risk of pressure ulcer into a trial group ( n=596) and a control group ( n=598) , a viscoelastic sponge mattress with every-four-hours repositioning used for the former and an automatic aeration mat-tress with every-two-hours repositioning for the latter , both for 7 successive days .We examined the patients every day , recorded the in-cidence and stages of pressure ulcer , and compared the data obtained between the two groups of patients . Results The total inci-dence rate of pressure ulcer was 1.09%(13/1194), significantly lower in the trial than in the control group (0.34%[2/596] vs 1.84%[11/598], P=0.012). Conclusion A viscoelastic sponge mattress with every-four-hours repositioning is superior to an automatic aeration mattress with every-two-hours repositioning and therefore is preferred to the latter in preventing the incidence of pressure ulcer in critical patients in the ICU .
RESUMEN
Objective To evaluate the effects of electric coagulation or suture hemostasis on ovarian reservation function in laparoscopic ovarian cyst removal for ovarian endometriomas. Methods A total of 118 patients receiving laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy in our hospital from January 2011 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study.According to the habit of different operators,the patient were devided into either electric coagulation group(n =53)or suture group(n =65).The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2)and antral follicle count(AFC)of the two groups were observed and compared before surgery and one and six months after surgery. Results There were no differences in the levels of the FSH,LH,E2and AFC between the two groups before the surgery(P>0.05).The level of FSH was increased and those of E 2and AFC were declined in both groups at 1 month after the operation compared with those before operation(P <0.05).Moreover, there were more significant differences in FSH,E2,and AFC in the electric coagulation group(P <0.05).There was no significant difference in LH(P>0.05).The levels of FSH and E 2recovered in both groups at 6 months after operation.There was no difference in FSH and E 2 compared with the level before operation in the suture group(P>0.05), however, there was significant difference in the electric coagulation group(P<0.05). Conclusions The laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for ovarian endometriomas leads to decreased ovarian reserve.As compared to bipolar coagulation, suture hemostasis can effectively reduce the damage of ovarian function, which should be applied as possible as we can.
RESUMEN
Caveolins are the major component proteins of the caveolae, and they are also the essential proteins to carry out the physiological functions of caveolae. Caveolins are expressed in smooth muscle cels, endothelial cels, and adipocytes. Caveolae are not only involved in the basic physiological processes, such as celular fat intake, endocytosis, and pinocytosis, but also play a very important role in cel signal transduction and transport and permeability of macromolecular substance. With the in-depth research on the molecular structure and biochemical function of caveolins, increasing studies have shown that caveolae and their main component caveolins play an important role in the pathophysiological process of cerebrovascular diseases. This article reviews the roles of caveolins in the blood-brain barrier destruction after cerebral ischemia.
RESUMEN
Objective To understand the source of knowledge on schistosomiasis prevention and control and the acceptable degree on different propagation patterns of population in Jingjiang City after schistosomiasis transmission?interrupted,so as to provide the evidence for the production of suitable materials for health education. Methods The permanent residents,floating population as well as the primary school students in Grade 5 and 6 in riverside regions in Jingjiang City were selected as the in?vestigation objects,the information propagation condition and the knowledge source,and the expected propagation patterns were investigated by questionnaires. Results The popularizing rates on the television,computer and mobile phone of the villag?ers were 99.81%,84.16% and 87.78%,respectively. Both the two investigated schools had the independent TV network,broad?cast and multimedia,and all the computer classroom could connected to Internet. The main sources on schistosomiasis control of permanent residents and floating population were folders and the exhibition board(62.0% and 40.5% respectively),the substan?tial material(42.0% and 33.5% respectively)and TV(40.5% and 36.0% respectively),while those of the students were video CD(100%),substantial material(99.5%)and folders and the exhibition boards(84.2%). The propagation ways with high ac?ceptable degrees among the residents and floating population were substantial material,folders and the exhibition boards and short messages by mobile phone,while those among the students were video CD,substantial material,folders and the exhibition boards. Conclusion The material on health education should be targeted to the demands of the different populations and their condition of information propagation,in addition,the Internet material should be developed and the communicational channels should be broaden.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate clinical features and risk factors for recurrent syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance.Methods Patients with orthostatic intolerance and syncope admitted in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2014 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed by using t test,Chi -square test,and Fisher′s exact probability method.According to frequency of syncope,all cases were divided into 2 groups,the occasio-nal syncope group and the recurrent syncope group.All risk factors including age,gender,body mass index(BMI),in-ducement,the history of motion sickness,family history,syncope -related injuries,performance of head -up tilt table test,and outcomes of head -up tilt table test were studied statistically and compared within 2 different groups.Results A total of 83 cases were enrolled in this study.Among these children,33 cases(39.76%)were assigned as occasio-nal syncope group,in which 17 cases were male and 16 cases were female and the age ranged from 6 to 18 years with the average age of (9.70 ±2.87)years;50 cases(60.24%)were assigned as recurrent syncope group,in which 27 ca-ses were male and 23 cases were female and the age ranged from 6 to 18 years with the average age of (11.24 ±2.83) years.Of all the investigated risk factors,the BMI and the history of motion sickness were significantly different between 2 groups[(18.84 ±3.49)kg/m2 vs (18.16 ±3.68)kg/m2 ,t =4.82,P =0.001;39.39%(13 /33 cases)vs 70.00%(35 /50 cases),χ2 =7.64,P =0.006].No significant difference was found in age distribution(6 -9 years,10 -14 years,15 -18 years)between 2 groups(P =0.428).There were no significant differences in gender (male /female), family history,or syncope -related injuries between 2 groups[17 /16 cases vs 27 /23 cases;3.03%(1 /33 cases)vs 10.00%(5 /50 cases);15.15%(5 /33 cases)vs 20.00%(10 /50 cases),all P >0.05].And no significant difference was found in inducement (prolonged standing,body posture change,emotional stress/emotional stimuli,muggy environ-ment,movement)between 2 groups [78.79% (23 /33 cases)vs 72.00% (36 /50 cases);9.09% (3 /33 cases)vs 14.00%(7 /50 cases);3.03%(1 /33 cases)vs 6.00%(3 /50 cases);12.12% (4 /33 cases)vs 10.00% (5 /50 cases);3.03%(1 /33 cases)and 12.00%(6 /50 cases),all P >0.05].And performances of head -up tilt table test (blurred vision/blacked out,nausea/vomiting,sweating,dizzy/headache,palpation,anhelation /chest tightness,hot, weak)between 2 groups showed no significant differences[18.18%(6 /33 cases)vs 12.00%(6 /50 cases);36.36%(12 /33 cases)vs 50.00%(25 /50 cases);24.24%(8 /33 cases)vs 26.00%(13 /50 cases);51.52%(17 /33 cases) vs 58.00%(29 /50 cases);6.06%(2 /33 cases)vs 16.00%(8 /50 cases);27.27%(9 /33 cases)vs 22.00%(11 /33 cases);33.33%(11 /33 cases)vs 32.00%(16 /50 cases);12.12%(4 /33 cases)vs 16.00%(8 /50 cases),all P >0.05].Also there were no significant differences in outcomes of head -up tilt table test between 2 groups(P =0.589). Conclusions The risk factors for recurrent syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance were low BMI and the his-tory of motion sickness for such children,and more positive and effective clinical intervention can improve the living quality of children with orthostatic intolerance to some extent.
RESUMEN
ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance (OI).Methods The clinical data from 136 children with OI were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into syncope group and non-syncope group based on the existence of syncope. Results Among the 136 children, 77 children (56.62%) had syncope and 59 children (43.38%) did not have syncope. The differences in BMI, prevalence of inducement of prolonged standing, prevalence of accompanied symptoms of blurred vision/ blacking out, cold sweating and pallor, prevalence of the history of motion sickness and blood flow velocity of MCA were statistically significant between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Children with OI who has low BMI, inducement of prolonged standing, accompanied symptoms of blurred vision/ blacking out, cold sweating and pallor, the history of motion sickness, and fast blood flow velocity of MCA, are prone to syncope.
RESUMEN
ObjectiveTo assess the clinical features of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium (NVM) in children. Methods The clinical data from ifve children with NVM were analyzed, including clinical manifestations, ultrasonic cardio-gram(UCG), electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, the process of diagnosis and treatment, and follow up.Results In ifve patients (3 boys and 2 girls) aged 3 months to 12 years, four of them were hospitalized because of pneumonia with heart failure. None of the ifve patients had thromboembolism. Heart enlargement was observed in all ifve patients on chest X-ray. By 2D ultrasonography, 2 patients had cardiac apex involvement, and 3 patients showed involvement of left ventricular wall and interventricular septum. In one patient, congenital partial defect of the endocardial cushion was observed. All patients were followed up for 3 to 36 months. One patient died of heart failure, 3 patients survived, and one patient was lost to follow-up.Conclusions The common clinical manifestation of NVM is the heart failure. UCG is preferred for NVM diagnosis. In children with refractory pneumonia and heart failure, NVM should be suspected.
RESUMEN
In recent years,stem cell transplantation for the treatment of ischemic stroke has become a hot topic.However,since embryonic stem cells (ESCs) transplantation is limited by the ethics and law,stem cell research was once in trouble.Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a class of cells by introducing the specific transcription factors into somatic cells,which have the similar characteristics with ESCs,and also avoid the ethical issues and immunological rejection,making them become the most ideal replacer of ESCs.Although the current research on iPSCs has made some progress,their induction efficiency and safety issues remain to be resolved.This article reviews the status quo,mechanisms,and problems faced in clinical practice for iPSCs transplantation in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
RESUMEN
Using cyproheptadine ( CYP) as template molecule, methacrylic acid ( MAA) as monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) with high selectivity to cyproheptadine (CYP) were prepared by the optimization of porogen, monomer, and the mole ratio of monomer to template. The specific surface area of the prepared polymers was 24. 9 m2 / g. The recovery of CYP was above 94. 0% when the following procedure was applied to the cartridge of MIP as adsorptive material: conditioning with methanol and water, loading with water, washing with water and methanol, and eluting with methanol-ammonia (95: 5, V/ V). As a control, the recovery of CYP on non-imprinted polymers cartridge (NISPE) was only 38. 9% . The binding capacity of the molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) towards CYP found to be about 8. 8 mg of CYP/ g polymers and the imprinting factor (IF) was about 2. 32. Under optimal conditions, a mixed standard solution of CYP, amitriptyline, sulfadiazine and trimethoprim (10 mg / L each) was uploaded on the MISPE and NISPE for selectivity experiment. The gradient elution was used by using 0. 05% sodium pentanesulfonate solution (A)-acetintrile (B) as a mobile phase. The recoveries on the MISPE for sulfadiazine and trimethoprim (different structure with CYP) were less than 10% , however, the recovery for the similar structural amitriptyline was more than 70% , and the recovery more than 90% for CYP. All the recoveries on the NISPE for four analytes were less than 30% . This new MISPE cartridge was applied to extract and enrich CYP in livestock drinking water sample, and the recoveries of CYP ranged from 80. 5% -97. 7% , and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0. 01 mg / L.
RESUMEN
Objective-To-study-the-clinical-characteristics-of-laparoscopic-oviduct-anastomosis-for-the-treatment-of-fallopian-tube-sterilization-or-tubal-infertility-.-Methods-A-total-of-48-cases-of-fallopian-tube-sterilization-or-tubal-infertility-patients-underwent-oviduct-anastomosis-between-January-2006-and-August-2013-in-our-hospital-.The-patients-were-divided-equally-into-laparoscopic-surgery-group-(laparoscopic-group,-24-cases)-or-open-surgery-group-(open-group,-24-cases)-in-chronological-order.The-ratio-of-infertility-patient-was-equal-in-both-laparoscopic-surgery-group-and-open-surgery-group-.Repatency-rate-and-pregnancy-rate-of-different-surgical-procedures-were-analyzed-,-respectively-.-Results-All-the-operations-were-successfully-completed-.Bilateral-tubal-repatency-rate-was-100%in-all-the-patients-during-the-operation-.The-pregnancy-rate-of-laparoscopic-surgery-group-(87.5%,21/24)-was-higher-than-that-in-the-open-surgery-group-(62.5%,15/24)-within-24-months-after-surgery,-with-significant-difference-(χ2-=4.000,-P=0.046).-Conclusions-The-success-rate-of-laparoscopic-oviduct-anastomosis-is-comparable-to-open-surgery-.However-,-the-pregnancy-rate-after-laparoscopic-oviduct-anastomosis-is-higher-than-open-surgery-.Laparoscopic-oviduct-anastomosis-has-a-broad-prospect-of-application-.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate perioperative nursing of interventional therapy for patients with chronic occluded internal carotid artery. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical nursing data of 12 patients with chronic occlusion of internal carotid artery who were successfully performed recanalization for the occluded vessels. Results The vital signs of all patients were normal during the procedures. The patients got favorable outcomes and no complications occurred during the perioperation. Conclusions Interventional therapy for chronic occlusion of internal carotid artery is a new technology for carotid diseases. Perfect preoperative health education and psychological nursing, comprehensive monitoring of vital signs and nerve function, strengthening body position nursing can ensure prevention of complications and the success of surgery.
RESUMEN
Objective To observe the expression of tissue transglutaminase (tTG) in renal tissues of diabetic nephropathy rats, and to investigate its contribution to the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Methods Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were sacrificed at 30 d, 60 d, 90 d, and 120 d respectively. Albuminuria excretion rate (AER), kidney weight index and serum creatinine (Scr) of the rats were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and periodic acid-silver-methenamine (PASM) staining were used to observe the renal pathological changes. CollagenⅣ(ColⅣ) and soluble tTG protein in kidney were examined by immunohistochemistry,insoluble tTG by immunofluorescence. Expression of total tTG mRNA in kidney was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results AER, kidney weight index and Scr of diabetic rats were all progressive during the period of the experiment. Compared with control group, the levels of ColⅣ, soluble tTG and insoluble tTG protein in kidneys of hyperglycemic rats were significantly increased at 30 d, 60 d, 90 d and 120 d(P
