Optimization of the Extraction Technology of Volatile Oil from Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Forsythia suspensa / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for content determination of volatile oil of Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Forsythia suspensa， and to optimize the extraction technology of the volatile oil. METHODS： The contents of β-pinene and pulegone were determined by GC method. The determination was performed on Hp-5 capillary column. The detector was hydrogen flame ion detector with programmed temperature. The sample size was 0.5 μL， the split ratio was 70 ∶ 1， the carrier gas was nitrogen， the inlet temperature was 250 ℃， the detector temperature was 280 ℃， the air flow rate was 390 mL/min， the hydrogen flow rate was 36 mL/min， the tail flow rate was 15 mL/min， and the nitrogen flow rate was 1 mL/min. Based on single factor test， orthogonal test combined with information entropy method were used to optimize the extraction technology of S. tenuifolia and F. suspensa using soaking time， extraction time， material-liquid ratio and forsythia grain size as factors， with the extraction amount of volatile oil， the content of β-pinene and pulegone and their comprehensive score as indexes.  RESULTS： The linear range of β-pinene and pulegone 1.575-7.875（r＝0.999 9） and 1.892-9.46 μg（r＝0.999 7）， respectively. The limits of quantitation were 0.10 and 0.25 μg； the limits of detection were 0.03 and 0.08 μg； RSDs of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were less than 2％ （n＝6）； the recoveries were 97.77％-100.01％ （RSD＝0.93％，n＝9） and 96.47％-99.00％（RSD＝0.89％， n＝9）. The optimal extraction technology was soaking 2 h， extracting for 6 h， 10-fold water （mL/g）， half a clove of granularity. Under this condition， the extraction amount of volatile oil， the contents of β-pinene and pulegone were 3.6 mL， 1 450.4 mg， 127.6 mg， respectively. RSD were 1.62％， 0.20％， 1.42％. CONCLUSIONS： Established method is simple， accurate and reproducible， and the optimal extraction technology is stable and feasible.

Human papillomavirus genotype distribution among HPV-positive women in Sichuan province, Southwest China.

In this hospital-based descriptive study, the genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) among HPV-infected women were investigated in 4,305 gynecological patients in Sichuan province. Females attending gynecology clinics between March 2014 and March 2015 were subjected to HPV screening after giving informed consent. Cervical scrapings were examined by cytopathology and colposcopy-directed biopsies. HPV genotyping was performed on a Luminex 200 system. Seventeen high-risk (HR) genotypes (HPV-16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -39, -45, -51, -52, -53, -56, -58, -59, -66, -68, -73, and -82) and seven low-risk (LR) genotypes (HPV-6, -11, -42, -43, -61, -81, and -83) were detected. Among all HPV-positive women, 34.1% (1,467/4,305) of the cases showed abnormal cytology and biopsy, including high-grade squamous lesions (HSIL), cervical intraepithelial neoplasias of grades 2 and 3 (CIN2/CIN3), and cervical cancer (CC). HPV-16, -52, and -58 were the predominant genotypes, followed by HPV-56, -18, -59, -39, -53, -33, and -81. A total of 3,785 (87.9%) HPV positive women were found to have HR HPV infection, while 859 (20.0%) were found to have LR HPV infection. Among all patients, 79% (3,401/4,305) were infected with a single strain of HPV, 85.5% (2,907/3,401) cases of which were of the HR HPV genotype. In cervical precancerous lesions (CPLs) and CC patients, HR HPV-16, -58, -52, -33, and -18 were the predominant genotypes. Interestingly, 33 CPL patients had a single LR HPV infection with HPV-61, -11, -81, -6, -43, or -42. Furthermore, one CC patient was infected only with LR HPV-11. According to the abundant genotype diversity of HPV in Sichuan, we suggest that a large-scale epidemiological investigation should be launched, not only to understand the distribution of HPV genotype, but also to provide information needed for HPV vaccination programs and to predict the effectiveness of current vaccines in Southwest China.

Effect of simvastatin on serum level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in patients with acute coronary syndromes / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the effect of simvastatin on serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).Methods 74 patients with coronary heart disease were studied.Among them,there were 34 patients with stable angina pectoris(SAP) and 40 patients with ACS.At the same time 25 cases of age matched healthy individuals were selected as a control.The serum level of MMP-gand TIMP-1 were compared among all groups.Results There was a significant difference in serum level of MMP-9and TIMP-1 among SAP group,ACS group and control group.The serum level of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were different after treatment.Conclusion Plaque disruption may be related to the increased serum level of MMP-9 and the decreased serum level of TIMP-1 .Simvastatin can decrease serum level of MMP-9 and increase serum level of TIMP-1 in patients with ACS,and it may have a beneficial effect on clinical treating of patients with ACS.

Clinical study on osteoid metastasis in patients with terminal malignant tumor / 中国实用内科杂志

0.05).Improvement in the total effective rate of motor function was significant in the combination group compared with Bonin group or internal irradiation group (P