RESUMEN
Purpose Immune cells such as cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, B cells or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to the anti-tumor response or pro-tumorigenic effect in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The interrelation of TAMs, T and B tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in TNBC has not been fully elucidated. Methods We evaluated the association of tumor-associated macrophages, T and B TILs in TNBC. Results TNBCs with a high CD68+, CD163+ TAMs and low CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ TILs had a significantly shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with low CD68+, CD163+ TAMs and high CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ TILs. TNBCs with high CD68+ TAMs/low CD8+ TILs showed a significantly shorter RFS and OS and a significantly poorer prognosis than those with high CD68+ TAMs/high CD8+ TILs, low CD68+ TAMs/high CD8+ TILs, and low CD68+/low CD8+. TNBCs with high CD163+ TAMs/low CD8+, low CD20 + TILs showed a significantly shorter RFS and OS and a significantly poorer prognosis than those with high CD163+ TAMs/high CD8+ TILs and high CD163+ TAMs /high CD20+ TILs. Conclusions Our study suggests that TAMs further create an optimal tumor microenvironment (TME) for growth and invasion of cancer cells when evasion of immunoreactions due to T and B TILs occurs. In TNBCs, all these events combine to affect prognosis. The process of TME is highly complex in TNBCs and for an improved understanding, larger validation studies are necessary to confirm these findings (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor/inmunología , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/inmunología , Macrófagos/inmunología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/patología , PronósticoRESUMEN
Se presenta a un paciente de 45 años de edad que presenta síndrome de Klinefelter, con antecedentes de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, obesidad, dislipidemia, síndrome de apneas hipopneas del sueño e hipertensión arterial oculta. El objetivo de esta presentación es alertar sobre el riesgo cardiovascular aumentado que presentan estos pacientes y revisar los datos de la literatura que estudian dicho riesgo
We present a 45-year-old patient with Klinefelter syndrome, with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and masked arterial hypertension. The purpose of this presentation is to draw attention to the increased cardiovascular risk in these patients and to review the data in the literature on this risk