A reduction technique for the treatment of refractory femoral trochanteric fracture / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of periosteal stripper through spiral blade incision combined with lateral sight bracket prying method in the treatment of irreducible femoral trochanteric fractures with proximal upwarping of fracture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2015 to October 2017, 26 patients with refractory femoral trochanteric fractures with proximal upwarp of fracture were treated by periosteal dissection through a spiral blade incision and lateral sight bracket prying, included 9 males and 17 females with an average age of (76.3±8.4) years old ranged from 63 to 85 years old. According to OA/OTA classification, 5 cases were type A1.3 fracture, 6 cases were A2.1, 7 cases were A2.2, 8 cases were A2.3. All cases were closed fractures. The amount of bleeding during operation and the time of fracture healing were observed and recorded. The Harris score of the hip joint function was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All cases were followed up from 7 to 26 months with an average of (17.4±4.7) months. Bone union time was from 9 to 15 months with an average of(12.4±3.5)weeks according to X-rays. At the final follow-up, Harris scores were 86 to 93 points with an average of (85.8±5.6) points, 23 cases were classified as excellent, 2 as good, and 1 as fair.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Using periosteum stripper through spiral blade incision combined lateral sight bracket prying for the treatment of irreducible femoral trochanteric fracture, the reduction effect is accurate, the operation time is shortened obviously, no auxiliary small incision is needed, the clinical effect is good, the reduction technique is simple and practical.</p>

[Screen and identify of differential proteins expressed in the placenta of Down's syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss protein marks expressed differentially in placenta of Down's syndrome by means of proteomics. METHODS: We collected placenta of 18 patients (from March 2009 to December 2009 at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), and divided them into two groups, one was 10 patients with fetal Down's syndrome, the other was normal pregnancies (normal chromosome) with other diseases. We separated proteins expressed in placentas of two groups by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), and then analyzed the differential protein spots by software Decyder 6.5, then, spots differentially expressed by 1.5 fold or more were analyzed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). In the end, the differential expressional levels of partially identified proteins were validated by western blot analysis. RESULTS: (1) Differential proteins of two groups protein spots of placentas separated by 2D-DIGE were analyzed by software Decyder 6.5 (these colored lights scattered in the image were protein spots), a total of 56 spots out of 352 were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) in two groups. We analyzed 17 protein spots (12 protein spots were over-expressed and 5 protein spots were down-expressed) differentially expressed by 1.5 fold or more by MALDI-TOF-MS. (2) Protein matching after searching protein database, 17 protein spots turn out to be 10 proteins. Four kinds [superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERP29)] of them were validated by western blot analysis, the group of fetal Down's syndrome were 0.74 ± 0.12, 0.29 ± 0.10, 0.53 ± 0.16, 0.20 ± 0.09, the group of normal pregnancies were 0.51 ± 0.08, 0.34 ± 0.16, 0.18 ± 0.07, 0.35 ± 0.09, the results confirmed the observed changes in proteomics. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with normal pregnancies, there were differential proteins expressed in placenta of Down's syndrome. This approach might provide new screening markers in use for prediction of Down's syndrome, however, further study should be done to make these 4 proteins (SOD1, HSP27, ERP29, PRDX6) be new screening markers.

Proteomic analysis of the alteration of protein expression in the placenta of Down syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common form of human aneuploidy, and there is no effective therapy for the chromosomal abnormalities. We aimed to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying DS and to provide clues to prenatal screening. METHODS: A series of proteomics-based experiments was conducted using 19 patients with DS fetuses and 17 normal pregnancies. The proteome of placenta was investigated as displayed by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), and comparisons were made between placentas that developed under DS and normal pregnancy conditions. Multivariate analysis of the resulting protein patterns revealed DS-specific protein expression. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight/time-of-flight (TOF/TOF) high-resolution tandem mass spectrometer (MS)-based identification was successful for 12 out of 17 selected protein spots. RESULTS: Among those, three proteins involved in the resist of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neurogenesis were more abundant in the DS placenta (superoxide dismutase 1, endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 and heat shock protein beta-1), while peroxiredoxin-6 involved in cell defense mechanism against ROS was expressed at a higher level in the normal pregnancies. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the DS placenta proteome emphasizes the role of proteins involved in anti-oxidation during DS, and may form the basis of a potential approach to minimize the incidence of DS in the clinical setting.