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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of cognitive impairment worldwide. Overweight and obesity are strongly associated with comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, and insulin resistance (IR), which contribute substantially to the development of AD and subsequent morbidity and mortality. Adipose tissue (AT) is a highly dynamic organ composed of a diverse array of cell types, which can be classified based on their anatomic localization or cellular composition. The expansion and remodeling of AT in the context of obesity involves immunometabolic and functional shifts steered by the intertwined actions of multiple immune cells and cytokine signaling within AT, which contribute to the development of metabolic disorders, IR, and systemic markers of chronic low-grade inflammation. Chronic low-grade inflammation, a prolonged, low-dose stimulation by specific immunogens that can progress from localized sites and affect multiple organs throughout the body, leads to neurodystrophy, increased apoptosis, and disruption of homeostasis, manifesting as brain atrophy and AD-related pathology. In this review, we sought to elucidate the mechanisms by which AT contributes to the onset and progression of AD in obesity through the mediation of chronic low-grade inflammation, particularly focusing on the roles of adipokines and AT-resident immune cells.
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Tejido Adiposo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Inflamación , Obesidad , Humanos , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/patología , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/etiología , Obesidad/metabolismo , Obesidad/inmunología , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Tejido Adiposo/patología , Tejido Adiposo/inmunología , Inflamación/metabolismo , Inflamación/patología , Animales , Adipoquinas/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are novel inflammatory indicators that can be used to predict the severity and prognosis of various diseases. We categorize acute pancreatitis by etiology into acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) and hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTGP). AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of NLR and PLR in assessing persistent organ failure (POF) in HTGP and ABP. METHODS: A total of 1450 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis (AP) for the first time at Shanxi Bethune Hospital between January 2012 and January 2023 were enrolled. The patients were categorized into two groups according to the etiology of AP: ABP in 530 patients and HTGP in 241 patients. We collected and compared the clinical data of the patients, including NLR, PLR, and AP prognostic scoring systems, within 48 h of hospital admission. RESULTS: The NLR (9.1 vs 6.9, P < 0.001) and PLR (203.1 vs 160.5, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the ABP group than in the HTGP group. In the HTGP group, both NLR and PLR were significantly increased in patients with severe AP and those with a SOFA score ≥ 3. Likewise, in the ABP group, NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with severe AP, modified computed tomography severity index score ≥ 4, Japanese Severity Score ≥ 3, and modified Marshall score ≥ 2. Moreover, NLR and PLR showed predictive value for the development of POF in both the ABP and HTGP groups. CONCLUSION: NLR and PLR vary between ABP and HTGP, are strongly associated with AP prognostic scoring systems, and have predictive potential for the occurrence of POF in both ABP and HTGP.
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The discharge of heavy metals into the environment has adversely affected the aquatic ecosystem due to their toxic and non-biodegradable nature. In this research, a three-dimensional graphene oxide/carboxymethylcellulose/aluminium sulphate (GOCAS) aerogel was synthesised and evaluated as a novel means for lead and zinc removal. The GOCAS aerogel was prepared via ice-templating of graphene oxide with carboxymethylcellulose and aluminium sulphate as the crosslinking and functionalisation additives. Characterisation of the aerogel by various analytical techniques confirmed the successful integration of the chemical additives. The hydroxyl and sulphate groups in the aerogel were found to participate in the adsorption of both metals. The equilibrium of lead adsorption was found to correlate well to the Freundlich isotherm, while zinc adsorption fitted closely the Langmuir isotherm. The kinetic adsorption behaviour of both metals was best described as pseudo-second-order. The interactive influences of concentration, temperature, contact time and adsorbent dose on the metal removal were explored by a central composite design, and the optimum adsorption capacity for lead was determined to be 138.7 mg/g at a GOCAS dose of 20 mg, initial concentration of 100 mg/L, temperature of 50 °C and contact time of 45 min. The optimum adsorption capacity for zinc was 52.69 mg/g at 30 mg, 65 mg/L, 45 °C and 40 min. Furthermore, regeneration studies with hydrochloric acid eluant were successfully conducted for up to four adsorption-desorption cycles. Overall, this work demonstrates that GOCAS aerogel is a viable nanosorbent for the adsorption of lead and zinc from water systems.
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Compuestos de Alumbre , Grafito , Plomo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Purificación del Agua , Zinc , Grafito/química , Plomo/química , Plomo/aislamiento & purificación , Adsorción , Zinc/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/química , Cinética , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Compuestos de Alumbre/química , Carboximetilcelulosa de Sodio/química , Geles/químicaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Under the general trend of global aging, geriatric comorbidity is increasingly common, which may have some impact on the quality of life of the older people. Self-management can effectively improve patient compliance, subjective initiative, and improve patient quality of life. However, the present situation of self-management in different old people is different. Therefore, this study classifies older co-morbid patients through potential profiling analysis, understands the category characteristics of self-management level of older co-morbid patients, and discusses the influencing factors of self-management level of different categories of older co-morbid patients, which can provide reference for personalized intervention programs for different comorbidity characteristics of elderly people in the future. METHOD: Through a cross-sectional study, 616 cases of older co-morbid patients in three districts of Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, were selected as survey subjects by using the whole cluster sampling method. The General Information Questionnaire, Chronic Disease Self-Management Scale, Health Literacy Scale, Electronic Health Literacy Scale, Collaborative Social Support Scale, and Health Empowerment Scale were used to conduct the survey. RESULTS: The result of LPA shows that the self-management characteristics of older co-morbid patients should be classified into 3 categories: good self-management (19.4%), medium self-management(27.9%), and low self-management (52.7%). The results of multivariate logistic regression analyses show that literacy, religiosity, health literacy, e-health literacy, appreciative social support, and health empowerment are influential factors for self-management among older co-morbid patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is obvious heterogeneity in the self-management level of older co-morbid patients. It is recommended that healthcare professionals give targeted interventions for their weaknesses according to the self-management characteristics of different categories of patients in order to enhance the self-management level of this population and improve their quality of life.
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Comorbilidad , Automanejo , Humanos , Anciano , Masculino , Automanejo/métodos , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Alfabetización en Salud/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Enfermedad Crónica/epidemiología , Enfermedad Crónica/terapiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between von Willebrand factor (vWF) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in thrombus with clinical severity and peripheral blood immunocytes' indicators in patients with early-stage acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted using the clinical data of 66 patients with AIS who underwent endovascular mechanical thrombectomy and had their thrombus samples collected. The concentrations of vWF and NETs in the thrombus samples were quantitatively assessed. Peripheral blood samples taken in the early stages of the disease were analyzed for total white blood cell counts (WBC), ratios of neutrophils (NEU%), lymphocytes (LYM%), eosinophils (EOS%), and monocytes (MONO%). The severity of clinical symptoms in these patients was evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Essen Stroke Risk Score (ESRS), Barthel Index (BI), and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). RESULTS: Higher vWF levels in thrombus were associated with lower NIHSS scores, while higher NETs levels were associated with higher initial NIHSS scores. In the early stages of AIS, WBC count and vWF levels were negatively correlated, as well as NEU%. LYM% was positively correlated with vWF level; however, it was negatively correlated with NETs. EOS% was positively correlated with vWF levels. CONCLUSION: In the early stages of AIS, a higher peripheral WBC count and NEU%, combined with decreased EOS% and LYM%, were significantly correlated with a lower vWF level in the thrombus, potentially indicating more severe symptoms. Consequently, the timely administration of vWF-targeted medications is recommended for such patients. Reduced LYM% is indicative of elevated NETs levels and correlated with more severe clinical symptoms. Therefore, the prompt initiation of NETs-targeted medication is warranted for these patients.
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Objectives This study aimed to identify the association between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and 30-day mortality in patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) with acute leukemia during the induction phase. Methods This cohort study included patients with acute leukemia with ICH during induction. We evaluated serum LDH levels upon admission. Multivariable Cox regression analyzed the LDH 30-day mortality association. Interaction and stratified analyses based on factors like age, sex, albumin, white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, and platelet count were conducted. Results We selected 91 patients diagnosed with acute leukemia and ICH. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 61.5%, with 56 of the 91 patients succumbing. Among those with LDH levels ≥ 570 U/L, the mortality rate was 74.4% (32 out of 43), which was higher than the 50% mortality rate of the LDH < 570 U/L group (24 out of 48) ( p = 0.017). In our multivariate regression models, the hazard ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals for Log2 and twice the upper limit of normal LDH were 1.27 (1.01, 1.58) and 2.2 (1.05, 4.58), respectively. Interaction analysis revealed no significant interactive effect on the relationship between LDH levels and 30-day mortality. Conclusions Serum LDH level was associated with 30-day mortality, especially in patients with LDH ≥ 570 U/L.
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Plants have evolved the adaptive capacity to mitigate the negative effect of external adversities at chemical, molecular, cellular, and physiological levels. This capacity is conferred by triggering the coordinated action of internal regulatory factors, in which sugars play an essential role in the regulating chloroplast degradation and leaf senescence under various stresses. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the senescent-associated changes in carbohydrate metabolism and its relation to chlorophyl degradation, oxidative damage, photosynthesis inhibition, programmed cell death (PCD), and sink-source relation as affected by abiotic stresses. The action of sugar signaling in regulating the initiation and progression of leaf senescence under abiotic stresses involves interactions with various plant hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, and protein kinases. This discussion aims to elucidate the complex regulatory network and molecular mechanisms that underline sugar-induced leaf senescence in response to various abiotic stresses. The imperative role of sugar signaling in regulating plant stress responses potentially enables the production of crop plants with modified sugar metabolism. This, in turn, may facilitate the engineering of plants with improved stress responses, optimal life span and higher yield achievement.
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Hojas de la Planta , Senescencia de la Planta , Transducción de Señal , Estrés Fisiológico , Azúcares , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Hojas de la Planta/fisiología , Azúcares/metabolismo , Metabolismo de los Hidratos de Carbono , Fotosíntesis , Cloroplastos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Sex pheromone analogs have high structural similarity to sex pheromone components. They also play a role in studying many agricultural pests. In our study, (Z, Z, Z)-3,6,9-nonadecadiene (Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy) was successfully synthesized, which is an analogue to 1 of 2 sex pheromone components of Ectropis grisescens Warren (Z, Z, Z)-3,6,9-octadecatriene (Z3Z6Z9-18:Hy), and it showed potential inhibition in experiments. In the electroantennogram test, Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy showed a dose-dependent response, and only measured half the response of Z3Z9-6,7-epo-18:Hy. However, the compound significantly reduced positive response of E. grisescens males by up to 70% in the Y-tube olfactometer. Furthermore, in the wind tunnel, it significantly inhibited all types of behavioral responses. The percentage of moths contacting the pheromone odor source was reduced even at the lowest dose tested. In silico study afterward, molecular docking results showed affinity between Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy and sensory neuron membrane protein 1. Our study revealed the potential of Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy as a sex pheromone inhibitor, which would provide new tools for monitoring and mating disruption of E. grisescens.
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Antenas de Artrópodos , Mariposas Nocturnas , Atractivos Sexuales , Animales , Atractivos Sexuales/farmacología , Mariposas Nocturnas/efectos de los fármacos , Mariposas Nocturnas/fisiología , Masculino , Antenas de Artrópodos/fisiología , Antenas de Artrópodos/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Alcadienos , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Simulación por ComputadorRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Airline pilots are members of a unique occupational group that is often confronted with sleep routine disruptions, yet relatively few studies have examined their mental health status. This study assessed the prevalence and network structure of internet addiction, depression and sleep quality problems in commercial airline pilots. METHOD: A total of 7055 airline pilots were included in analyses. Internet addiction and depression were measured with the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The network model was constructed based on an Ising model and its association with sleep quality was evaluated using a flow procedure. RESULTS: Internet addiction, depression and sleep quality were common among airline pilots. The prevalence of internet addiction was 8.0 % (95 % CI: 7.3-8.6 %), while the rates of depression and poor sleep quality were 23.3 % (95 % CI: 22.3-24.2 %) and 33.0 % (95 % CI: 31.9-34.1 %), respectively. In the depression and internet addiction network model, "Fatigue" (PHQ4; Expected Influence (EI): 2.04) and "Depressed/moody/nervous only while being offline" (IAT20; EI: 1.76) were most central symptoms while "Fatigue" (PHQ4; Bridge EI: 1.30) was also the most important bridge symptom. The flow network model of sleep quality with internet addiction and depression showed that "Appetite" (PHQ5) had the strongest positive association with poor sleep quality. CONCLUSION: Internet addiction, depression and sleep quality were common among airline pilots and warrant regular screening and timely treatment. Strategies to improve sleep hygiene may be useful in preventing onsets or exacerbations in depression and internet addiction among airline pilots.
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Depresión , Trastorno de Adicción a Internet , Calidad del Sueño , Humanos , China/epidemiología , Masculino , Prevalencia , Adulto , Trastorno de Adicción a Internet/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología , Femenino , Pilotos/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , Adulto Joven , InternetRESUMEN
A prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) facility utilizing 252Cf source has been developed for in situ analysis of copper samples. Monte Carlo simulation is employed to determine optimal sizes for neutron moderator, gamma-ray shielding material, and thermal neutron absorber. Subsequently, based on the parameters optimized by MCNP, the PGNAA facility was constructed. Five sets of experimental samples containing low-grade copper concentration of 0 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, 1.5 % and 2 % are measured with the PGNAA facility. The results show that the minimum detectable concentration of copper is 0.218 %. The maximum relative deviation of copper is 8.53 %.
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BACKGROUND: Addressing aging related functional declines in older adults has become a top priority for countries around the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a blended happy age education program in promoting active aging among community-based pre-disable older adults. METHODS: We conducted a two-arm trial study in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups using a computer-generated random sequence of 150 participants. RESULTS: Blended Happy Age Education Program (BHAEP) reduced time for 3 m walk (Estimated mean 19.5 ± 3.4 to 13.7 ± 1.3, effect size ηp² = 0.98, (P < 0.001). The current level of happiness improved in B-HAEP group from 4.7 ± 1.05 scores to 7.8 ± 1.6, P < 0.001, effect size (ηp² = 0.540). Healthy lifestyle significantly improved (P < 0.001, ηp² = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS: B-HAEP can be an effective intervention strategy to promote active aging in older adults with risk for immobility.
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Felicidad , Vida Independiente , Humanos , Anciano , Pakistán , Envejecimiento , CaminataRESUMEN
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Controversy remains about the difference in mental health status among children and adolescents between one-child and multichild families in China. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing mental health status between both groups and explored their potential moderating factors. RECENT FINDINGS: Totally, 113 eligible studies encompassing 237â899 participants (one-child families: 83â125; multichild families: 154â774) were included. The pooled SMD of SCL-90 total score was -0.115 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): -0.152; -0.078; I2 â=â86.9%]. Specifically, children and adolescents from one-child families exhibited lower scores in terms of somatization (SMDâ=â-0.056; 95% CI: -0.087; -0.026), obsessive-compulsive symptoms (SMDâ=â-0.116; 95% CI: -0.154; -0.079), interpersonal sensitivity (SMDâ=â-0.140; 95% CI: -0.171; -0.109), depression (SMDâ=â-0.123; 95% CI: -0.159; -0.088); anxiety (SMDâ=â-0.121; 95% CI: -0.151; -0.092); phobic anxiety (SMDâ=â-0.124; 95% CI: -0.166; -0.081); paranoid ideation (SMDâ=â-0.040; 95% CI: -0.070; -0.009); and psychoticism (SMDâ=â-0.119; 95% CI: -0.148; -0.089). Study publication year was significantly associated with differences in mental health status between both groups ( P â=â0.015). SUMMARY: Children and adolescents from one-child families had better mental health status compared to those from multichild families in China. Future studies should investigate the underlying factors contributing to such mental health differences, and the potential interventions that could address these mental health problems.
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Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Adolescente , Humanos , Trastornos de Ansiedad/psicología , Ansiedad , Salud Mental , Estado de SaludRESUMEN
Cyclic peptides with cyclophane linkers are an attractive compound type owing to the fine-tuned rigid three-dimensional structures and unusual biophysical features. Cytochrome P450 enzymes are capable of catalyzing not only the C-C and C-O oxidative coupling reactions found in vancomycin and other nonribosomal peptides (NRPs), but they also exhibit novel catalytic activities to generate cyclic ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) through cyclophane linkage. To discover more P450-modified multicyclic RiPPs, we set out to find cryptic and unknown P450-modified RiPP biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) through genome mining. Synergized bioinformatic analysis reveals that P450-modified RiPP BGCs are broadly distributed in bacteria and can be classified into 11â classes. Focusing on two classes of P450-modified RiPP BGCs where precursor peptides contain multiple conserved aromatic amino acid residues, we characterized 11 novel P450-modified multicyclic RiPPs with different cyclophane linkers through heterologous expression. Further mutation of the key ring-forming residues and combinatorial biosynthesis study revealed the order of bond formation and the specificity of P450s. This study reveals the functional diversity of P450 enzymes involved in the cyclophane-containing RiPPs and indicates that P450 enzymes are promising tools for rapidly obtaining structurally diverse cyclic peptide derivatives.
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Productos Biológicos , Ciclofanos , Péptidos/química , Péptidos Cíclicos/química , Biología Computacional/métodos , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Procesamiento Proteico-Postraduccional , Productos Biológicos/químicaRESUMEN
Objective@#To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among middle and high school students in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide scientific basis for the implementation of depressive intervention.@*Methods@#Based on the health status and associated factors of middle and high school students in the project "Monitoring of Common Diseases and Health Influencing Factors of Students" during 2018 to 2021, a total of 73 309 students including middle school, ordinary high school and vocational high school surveyed in 11 cities of Zhejiang Province were selected by multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method. From 2018 to 2021, there were 6 008, 21 917, 23 712 and 21 672 students, respectively. The Chi square test and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms in middle and high school students.@*Results@#From 2018 to 2021, depressive symptoms detection rate of middle school students was 14.8%, with higher rate in girls (17.1%) than in boys (12.7%), higher rate in high school (17.1% in ordinary high school, 17.6% in vocational high school) than middle school (12.5%)( χ 2=278.77, 327.22, P <0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in depressive symptoms detection rate among middle school students with different years (2018: 16.7%,2019: 17.9% , 2020: 13.1%, 2021: 13.0%), residence (yes: 16.3%, no:13.5%), body mass index classification (not overweight or obesity: 14.8%, overweight: 14.2%, Obesity: 15.7%), weekly exercise days (0-2 d: 17.1%, 3-5 d: 12.5%, 6-7 d: 13.1%) and bullying (yes: 35.5%, no: 10.7%) ( χ 2=293.40, 118.35, 7.83, 287.24, 4 978.84, P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female students, ordinary high schools, vocational high schools, obesity, school bullying were positively correlated with depression ( OR =1.65, 1.70, 1.60, 1.12, 5.21), exercise 3 to 5 days per week, exercise 6 to 7 days per week were negatively correlated with depression ( OR=0.77, 0.81, P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#Depressive symptoms among middle and high school students in Zhejiang Province are prominent. Strengthening mental health education for students and providing attention and support from families, schools, and society are essential steps to reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms among these students.
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ObjectiveTo explore the influence of excessive weight gain during pregnancy in pre-pregnancy overweight and obese women on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal conditions, and to provide scientific evidence for formulating weight management strategies before and during pregnancy and prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. MethodsClinical data of 2 172 parturients collected from a community in Huangpu District from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity group (n=530), normal pre-pregnancy weight group(n=937), and underweight pre-pregnancy group(n=705) according to maternal precursor body mass index (BMI). Based on their weight gain during pregnancy,the parturient were divided into moderate gestational weight gain (MGWG) group and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) group. Meanwhile, the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage, puerperal infection, placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, mode of delivery, premature birth, stillbirth, fetal distress, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), macrosomia, and Apgar score, were recorded. Then the differences in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes between groups were compared. The effects of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal conditions was retrospectively analyzed. ResultsThe pre-pregnancy overweight and obese group had higher proportions of placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, premature birth, fetal distress, and macrosomia compared to the normal pre-pregnancy weight group and the underweight pre-pregnancy group, with Apgar scores lower than the normal pre-pregnancy weight group and the underweight pre-pregnancy group (all P<0.05). The EGWG group had higher proportions of postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, premature birth, fetal distress, admission to the ICU, and macrosomia than the MGWG group (all P<0.05). In the pre-pregnancy overweight and obese group, the EGWG group had higher proportions of placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, fetal distress, admission to the ICU, and macrosomia than the MGWG group, with lower Apgar scores than the MGWG group (all P<0.05). In the normal pre-pregnancy weight group, the EGWG group had higher proportions of placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, premature birth, fetal distress, admission to the ICU, and macrosomia than the MGWG group (all P<0.05). In the pre-pregnancy overweight and obese group, the EGWG group had higher proportions of premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, premature birth, fetal distress, and macrosomia than the EGWG group in the normal pre-pregnancy weight group(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that EGWG in pre-pregnancy overweight and obese women was a risk factor for placental abruption (OR=2.971, 95%CI: 1.098‒8.042), premature rupture of membranes (OR=4.662, 95%CI: 2.798‒7.770), cesarean delivery (OR=1.375,95%CI: 1.260‒2.541), premature birth (OR=4.249, 95%CI: 2.384‒7.573), fetal distress (OR=3.238, 95%CI: 1.589‒6.598), admission to the ICU (OR=3.010, 95%CI: 1.265‒7.164), and macrosomia (OR=5.437, 95%CI: 3.392‒8.716) (all P<0.05). ConclusionExcessive gestational weight gain in pre-pregnancy overweight and obese women is a risk factors for placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, premature birth, fetal distress, admission to the ICU, and macrosomia.
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Objective To investigate the radioactivity levels of gross α and gross β in foods around Zhangzhou nuclear power plant, China before operation. Methods Forty-nine samples from 33 kinds of foods in 5 categories of daily food around Zhangzhou nuclear power plant were collected, pretreated, dried, and ashed. The radioactivity levels of gross α and gross β were measured by the low-background α and β measuring instrument. The atomic absorption technique was employed to measure the level of potassium (K), and the radioactivity level of gross β (subtracting 40K) was calculated with K concentrations in different foods consulted from the nutritional dietary system. Results The radioactivity levels of gross α in vegetables and fruits, grain, poultry and livestock, aquatic products, and tea around Zhangzhou nuclear power plant were < minimum detectable level (MDL)-7.97, < MDL-6.82, < MDL, < MDL-20.76, and 11.90-23.08 Bq/kg, respectively; the radioactivity levels of gross β were 34.56-122.81, 13.05-188.96, 56.00-108.34, 17.86-169.01, and 123.74-171.63 Bq/kg, respectively; the radioactivity levels of gross β (subtracting 40K) were not detected (ND)-14.27, ND-27.86, ND-48.72, ND-45.85, and 6.69-13.79 Bq/kg, respectively. Conclusion The radioactivity of gross α and gross β in foods around Zhangzhou nuclear power plant before operation is basically at the same level as that in other areas of China.
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Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,treatment methods,and prognosis of a-cute leukemia patients with extramedullary infiltration.Methods The clinical characteristics and treatment methods of 47 acute leukemia patients with extramedullary infiltration admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from April 2014 to April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Subgroup analysis was performed according to whether there was extramedullary infiltration before transplantation,and whether there was isolated extramedullary recurrence after transplantation.Based on this analysis,the patients were di-vided into the pre-transplantation radiotherapy group and pre-transplantation non-radiotherapy group,the post-transplantation radiotherapy group and post-transplantation non-radiotherapy group.According to the treatment methods of central nervous system leukemia(CNSL),the patients were divided into the intrathecal injection group(n=12)and combination of intrathecal injection and radiotherapy group(n=13).The local remission situation,survival duration,and toxic and side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy were com-pared.Results For acute leukemia patients with extramedullary infiltration,the overall survival time(OS)in the radiotherapy group was better than that in the non-radiotherapy group(median OS:706 d vs.151 d,P=0.015).Subgroup analysis showed that the OS of the pre-transplantation radiotherapy group was better than that of the pre-transplantation non-radiotherapy group(median OS:592 d vs.386 d,P=0.035).For CNSL,the combination of intrathecal injection and radiotherapy group had a better OS than the intrathecal injection group(median OS:547 d vs.388 d,P=0.045).The event-free survival time(EFS)of the radiotherapy group was better than that of the non-radiotherapy group(median EFS:175 d vs.50 d,P=0.005).The COX pro-portional-hazards model showed that treatment with or without radiotherapy had a significant impact on the OS of acute leukemia patients with extramedullary infiltration.The risk of death in the pre-transplantation non-radiotherapy group was 2.231 times higher than that in the pre-transplantation radiotherapy group(HR=3.231,95%CI:1.021-10.227,P=0.046).Compared with the non-radiotherapy group,the radiother-apy group had a higher local remission and a lower risk of haematological toxicity,infection,and haemorrhage.Conclusion Radiotherapy can rapidly alleviate the local symptoms of acute leukemia complicated with extr-amedullary infiltration,prolong the survival time of these patients,and reduce the risk of hematologic toxicity,infection,and haemorrhage.
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Objective To explore the dosimetric differences between abdominal deep inspiration breath hold(ADIBH)mode and free breath(FB)mode in intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)for left breast cancer.Methods From July 2022 to May 2023,a total of 22 patients who needed adjuvant radiation therapy after left breast cancer surgery in the hospital were selected as the research objects.The simulated computed tomography(CT)positioning images of ADIBH and FB modes were collected,the planned target volume(PTV)and endangered organs were outlined,the IMRT plan was designed,and the dosimetric param-eters of the two modes were compared.Results There was no significant difference in the mean dose(Dmean),homogeneity index(HI)and conformity index(CI)of PTV between the ADIBH and the FB modes(P>0.05).Compared with the FB mode,the heart Dmean,V5,V10,V20,V30 and V40 in the ADIBH mode decreased by 2.95 Gy,12.21%,8.26%,6.56%,5.41%and 3.48%,respectively,and the left anterior descending(LAD)coronary artery Dmean,maximum dose(Dmax),minimum dose(Dmin)and V40 decreased by 15.99 Gy,16.10 Gy,0.82 Gy and 13.73%,respectively,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared with the FB mode,the dose and volume of heart irradiation in the ADIBH mode at the same level were significantly reduced.Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between heart Dmean and LAD Dmean in the ADIBH mode(r=0.72),and between heart Dmean and LAD Dmean in the FB mode(r=0.69).Compared with the FB mode,the left lung Dmean of the ADIBH mode decreased by 0.99 Gy,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in left lung V5,right lung Dmean and right breast Dmean between the two breathing modes(P>0.05).Conclusion ADIBH mode can effectively reduce the dose to the heart and LAD,and play a good protective role.