RESUMEN
We present an atypical presentation of herpes simplex virus infection in a patient with Harlequin ichthyosis, which we attribute to abnormal cornification.
Asunto(s)
Herpes Simple/diagnóstico , Ictiosis Lamelar/complicaciones , Aciclovir/análogos & derivados , Aciclovir/uso terapéutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Cefalexina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Herpes Simple/complicaciones , Herpes Simple/tratamiento farmacológico , Herpesvirus Humano 1/genética , Humanos , Lactante , Valaciclovir , Valina/análogos & derivados , Valina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Dermatologists perform a wide variety of procedures on a daily basis. The skin biopsy is a fundamental technique that can be performed by all physicians who manage cutaneous conditions. Specimens should always be sent for pathologic evaluation, regardless of whether the sampled lesion appears benign. Postoperative care and education are critical for minimizing complications.
Asunto(s)
Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Dermatologicos , Anestésicos Locales/uso terapéutico , Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Biopsia/métodos , Toxinas Botulínicas/uso terapéutico , Criocirugía , Crioterapia , Legrado , Rellenos Dérmicos/uso terapéutico , Glucocorticoides/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Inyecciones Intralesiones , Terapia por Láser , Cuidados Posoperatorios , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Envejecimiento de la Piel , Simpatectomía QuímicaAsunto(s)
Antiparasitarios/uso terapéutico , Insecticidas/administración & dosificación , Ivermectina/uso terapéutico , Permetrina/administración & dosificación , Escabiosis/diagnóstico , Escabiosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración Cutánea , Seropositividad para VIH , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Piel/parasitologíaAsunto(s)
Inmunodeficiencia Variable Común/complicaciones , Inmunodeficiencia Variable Común/diagnóstico , Granuloma/etiología , Granuloma/patología , Dermatosis de la Mano/patología , Biopsia con Aguja , Femenino , Granuloma/terapia , Dermatosis de la Mano/etiología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapéutico , Inmunohistoquímica , Enfermedades Raras , Medición de Riesgo , Rondas de Enseñanza , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To determine in vitro if indomethacin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human retinoblastoma cell line Y79, and to explore possibly involved signaling pathways. METHODS: The human retinoblastoma cell line Y79 was cultured with indomethacin at various concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 µmol/l). The effect of indomethacin on cell proliferation and apoptosis was examined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 and TUNEL test, respectively. The mRNA level of survivin, ß-catenin and Bcl-2 was detected by RT-PCR. The protein level of survivin was measured by ELISA. Western blot was used to analyze ß-catenin, nuclear factor (NF)-κB/p65, phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) and total Akt (tAkt) expression in cultured cells. RESULTS: Indomethacin treatment inhibits proliferation (at concentrations from 25 to 400 µmol/l) and induces apoptosis (at concentrations from 100 to 400 µmol/l) of human retinoblastoma cell line Y79 in a dose-dependent manner. RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 (F = 20.497; p < 0.001) and of ß-catenin (F = 14.835; p < 0.001) was significantly different among the treated groups. Survivin mRNA levels remained steady, but its protein levels decreased significantly as measured by ELISA (F = 67.633; p < 0.001). Western blot analysis showed a dose-dependent downregulation of ß-catenin (F = 37.411; p < 0.001), NF-κB/p65 (F = 16.302; p < 0.001) and of pAkt (F = 27.700; p < 0.001) after indomethacin treatment, while tAkt protein expression was steady among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with indomethacin can potently suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis in the retinoblastoma Y79 cell line. Wnt/ß-catenin, NF-κB and Akt/PKB pathways might be implicated in the process.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Indometacina/farmacología , Neoplasias de la Retina/patología , Retinoblastoma/patología , Western Blotting , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Humanos , Etiquetado Corte-Fin in Situ , Proteínas Inhibidoras de la Apoptosis/genética , Proteínas Inhibidoras de la Apoptosis/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Neoplasias de la Retina/metabolismo , Retinoblastoma/metabolismo , Survivin , Factor de Transcripción ReIA/metabolismo , Células Tumorales Cultivadas , beta Catenina/genética , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMEN
Hansen Disease (leprosy) is an infectious disease that targets macrophages and Schwann cells, caused by the acid fast intracellular organism, Mycobacterium leprae. Clinically, it presents with a spectrum of findings that may include hypopigmented macules, erythematous plaques and nodules, and thickened or tender peripheral nerves. The most feared complication is mutilating damage to facial structures or digits resulting from loss of sensation in affected skin. In non-endemic areas, the diagnosis of leprosy is frequently delayed because it may mimic other more common skin conditions. We present a case of borderline/lepromatous leprosy in an otherwise healthy young Brazilian man that was initially diagnosed as tinea versicolor, but did not respond to appropriate treatment. This case highlights the importance of having a high index of suspicion for leprosy in patients from endemic areas who present with lesions that could be consistent with this disease.
Asunto(s)
Errores Diagnósticos , Lepra Dimorfa/diagnóstico , Lepra Lepromatosa/diagnóstico , Tiña Versicolor/diagnóstico , Clofazimina/administración & dosificación , Clofazimina/uso terapéutico , Contraindicaciones , Dapsona , Diagnóstico Tardío , Humanos , Hipoestesia/etiología , Leprostáticos/uso terapéutico , Lepra Dimorfa/complicaciones , Lepra Dimorfa/microbiología , Lepra Dimorfa/patología , Lepra Lepromatosa/complicaciones , Lepra Lepromatosa/microbiología , Lepra Lepromatosa/patología , Masculino , Minociclina/administración & dosificación , Minociclina/uso terapéutico , Mycobacterium leprae/aislamiento & purificación , Rifampin/administración & dosificación , Rifampin/uso terapéutico , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome, intraoperative and postoperative complications of refractive lens exchange (RLE) by phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation combined with simultaneous pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in the management of high myopia. METHODS: This prospective study consisted of 45 eyes of 26 patients with preoperative myopia greater than -12.5 dpt. Clear lens phacoemulsification with IOL implantation surgery was combined with PPV. Main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), stability of the spherical equivalent (SE) and complications at follow-up. RESULTS: The combined procedure of clear lens phacoemulsification combined with PPV has a favorable outcome with acceptable SE predictability and improvement in BCVA. The postoperative BCVA was 0.67 ± 0.21 compared to 0.15 ± 0.10 preoperatively (p < 0.001). The mean postoperative SE was -1.6 ± 0.9 dpt, showing a significant difference when compared with a mean value of -20.0 ± 5.2 dpt before the operation (p < 0.001). During the follow-up, all IOLs were placed stably in the bag with no capsular tear occurring and only 1 case (2.2%) developed retinal detachment. CONCLUSION: RLE and implantation of an IOL combined with simultaneous PPV is a reasonable refractive surgery option for middle-aged patients with high myopia.
Asunto(s)
Implantación de Lentes Intraoculares , Miopía Degenerativa/cirugía , Facoemulsificación , Vitrectomía , Adulto , Opacificación Capsular/cirugía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias , Láseres de Estado Sólido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miopía Degenerativa/fisiopatología , Cápsula Posterior del Cristalino/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Estudios Prospectivos , Seudofaquia/fisiopatología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Agudeza Visual/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The optic tectum is central for transforming incoming visual input into orienting behavior. Yet it is not well understood how this behavior is organized early in development and how it relates to the response properties of the developing visual system. We designed a novel behavioral assay to study the development of visually guided behavior in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. We found that, during early development, visual avoidance-an innate, tectally mediated behavior-is tuned to a specific stimulus size and is sensitive to changes in contrast. Using in vivo recordings we found that developmental changes in the spatial tuning of visual avoidance are mirrored by changes in tectal receptive field sharpness and the temporal properties of subthreshold visual responses, whereas contrast sensitivity is affected by the gain of the visual response. We also show that long- and short-term perturbations of visual response properties predictably alter behavioral output. We conclude that our assay for visual avoidance is a useful functional measure of the developmental state of the tectal circuitry. We use this assay to show that the developing visual system is tuned to facilitate behavioral output and that the system can be modulated by neural activity, allowing it to adapt to environmental changes it encounters during development.