Naked-Eye 3-Dimensional Vision Training for Myopia Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Early onset of myopia increases the risk of high myopia, which can lead to irreversible retinal damage and even loss of central vision. Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of naked-eye 3-dimensional vision training (NVT) in preventing the progression of myopia in children. Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 3 hospitals from May 25, 2022, to February 24, 2023. Participants were children (aged 6-18 years) who had a diagnosis of myopia with a spherical equivalent refraction of -0.75 to -6.00 diopters (D). Intervention: Children in the intervention group received 20 minutes of NVT treatment every day, whereas children in the control group lived as usual without vision training. Main Outcome and Measure: The primary outcome was the change in axial length at 6 months. Spherical equivalent refraction (SER) was included as a secondary outcome. Results: Among 263 participants, 125 (47.5%) were male and 138 (52.5%) were female; the mean (SD) age was 10.3 (1.9) years (range, 6.1-15.6 years). A total of 227 patients (86.3%) completed the 6-month follow-up, including 102 in the intervention group and 125 in the control group. In the intervention group, the changes in axial length and SER at 6 months were 0.18 mm (95% CI, 0.16 to 0.20 mm) and -0.25 D (95% CI, -0.31 to -0.19 D), respectively. In the control group, the changes in axial length and SER at 6 months were 0.23 mm (95% CI, 0.21 to 0.25 mm) and -0.35 D (95% CI, -0.41 to -0.30 D), respectively. The differences in AL and SER between the 2 groups were significant (AL difference: -0.06 mm; 95% CI, -0.09 to -0.03; P < .001; SER difference: 0.10 D; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.19; P = .02). No study-related adverse reactions were reported during follow-up. Conclusions and Relevance: NVT is a safe and promising means to control myopia progression in children with good adherence. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05468775.

An NIR light-driven AgBiS2@ZIF-8 hybrid photocatalyst for rapid bacteria-killing.

Bacterial infection is the most common risk factor that causes the failure of implantation surgery. Therefore, the development of biocompatible implants with excellent antibacterial properties is of utmost importance. In this study, NIR light-driven AgBiS2@ZIF-8 hybrid photocatalysts for rapid bacteria-killing were prepared. AgBiS2@ZIF-8 exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity due to the rapid transfer of photoelectrons from AgBiS2 to ZIF-8, resulting in abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill bacteria. Meanwhile, AgBiS2@ZIF-8 exhibited a noteworthy photothermal effect, which could effectively convert NIR light into heat. Subsequently, the NIR light-driven antibacterial activity of AgBiS2@ZIF-8/Ti against S. aureus and E. coli was studied. The experimental results showed that AgBiS2@ZIF-8 displayed enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) performance. Under irradiation with 808 nm NIR light for 10 min, AgBiS2@ZIF-8/Ti could effectively eliminate 98.55% of S. aureus in vitro, 99.34% of E. coli in vitro and 95% S. aureus in vivo. At the same time, AgBiS2@ZIF-8/Ti had good biocompatibility. Therefore, AgBiS2@ZIF-8/Ti showed potential as an antibacterial material, which provided a strategy to fight polymicrobial infections.

A taxonomic study on the nominate subgenus Macrolycus Waterhouse, 1878 from China (Coleoptera, Lycidae).

In the present study, a new species of Macrolycus s. str. is reported from China and described as M. subapicis sp. nov. M. bowringi Waterhouse, 1878 is recorded to China for the first time. The above two species, M. oreophilus Kazantsev, 2002 and M. gansuensis Kazantsev, 2002 are illustrated with the male habitus and genitalia. In addition, a distribution map, and a key to the species of Macrolycus s. str. in the world are provided.

Dual cross-linked COL1/HAp bionic gradient scaffolds containing human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells promote rotator cuff tendon-bone interface healing.

The tendon-bone interface heals through scar tissue, while the lack of a natural interface gradient structure and collagen fibre alignment leads to the occurrence of retearing. Therefore, the promotion of tendon healing has become the focus of regenerative medicine. The purpose of this study was to develop a gradient COL1/ hydroxyapatite (HAp) biomaterial loaded with human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs). The performance of common cross-linking agents, Genipin, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS), and dual cross-linked materials were compared to select the best cross-linking mechanism to optimize the biological and mechanical properties of the scaffold. The optimal COL1/HAp-loaded with hAMSCs were implanted into the tendon-bone rotator cuff interfaces in rats and the effect on the tendon-bone healing was assessed by micro-CT, histological analysis, and biomechanical properties. The results showed that Genipin and EDC/NHS dual cross-linked COL1/HAp had good biological activity and mechanical properties and promoted the proliferation and differentiation of hAMSCs. Animal experiments showed that the group using a scaffold loaded with hAMSCs had excellent continuity and orientation of collagen fibers, increased fibrocartilage and bone formation, and significantly higher biomechanical functions than the control group at the interface at 12 weeks post operation. This study demonstrated that dual cross-linked gradient COL1/HAp-loaded hAMSCs could promote interface healing, thereby providing a feasible strategy for tendon-bone interface regeneration.

Association of Circulating Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Level with Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease in Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: Very few and conflicting data are available regarding the correlation between circulating carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and its components including albuminuria and a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). This study aimed to examine the association of circulating CA19-9 and DKD in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 402 hospitalized T2DM patients between September 2017 and December 2021 were included in this cross-sectional study. There were 224 and 178 subjects in non-DKD and DKD groups, respectively. Serum CA19-9 was measured by chemiluminescence method, and its potential relationship with DKD was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression and correlation analyses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: T2DM patients with DKD had significantly higher serum CA19-9 levels than those without, and serum CA19-9 levels were positively related to urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and negatively to eGFR (P<0.01). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that serum CA 19-9 was an independent factor of DKD [odds ratio (OR), 1.018; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.002-1.035; P<0.05]. Moreover, an increased progressively risk of DKD with an increase in serum CA19-9 quartiles was observed (P for trend <0.001), and T2DM patients in the highest serum CA19-9 quartile were associated with an increased likelihood of DKD when compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR: 2.936, 95% CI 1.129-7.633, P<0.05). Last, the analysis of ROC curves suggested that serum CA 19-9 at a cut of 25.09 U/mL resulted in the highest Youden index with sensitivity 43.8% and 75.4% specificity to predict the presence of DKD. Conclusion: These results showed that high circulating CA19-9 was related to DKD and may serve as a useful biomarker of DKD in hospitalized Chinese T2DM patients.

AgBiS2@CQDs/Ti nanocomposite coatings for combating implant-associated infections by photodynamic /photothermal therapy.

Biofilm-mediated implant-associated infections are one of the most serious complications of implantation surgery, posing a grave threat to patient well-being. Effectively addressing bacterial infections is crucial for the success of implantation procedures. In this study, we prepared a bismuth sulfide silver@carbon quantum dot composite coating (AgBiS2@CQDs/Ti) on a medical titanium surface by surface engineering design to treat implant-associated infections. The photocatalytic/photothermal activity test results confirmed the excellent photogenerated ROS and photothermal properties of AgBiS2@CQDs/Ti under near-infrared laser irradiation. In vitro antibacterial and in vivo anti-infection experiments showed that the coating combined with photodynamic and photothermal therapies to eradicate bacteria and disrupt mature biofilms under 1064 nm laser irradiation. Consequently, AgBiS2@CQDs/Ti shows promise as an implant coating for treating implant-associated infections post-surgery, thereby enhancing the success rate of implantation procedures. This study also provides a new idea for combating implant-associated infections.

Geographical distribution of two major quarantine fruit flies (Bactrocera minax Enderlein and Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel) in Sichuan Basin based on four SDMs.

Both Bactrocera minax and Bactrocera dorsalis are phytophagous insects, and their larvae are latent feeders, which cause great damage and economic losses to agriculture production and trade. This study aimed to provide a scientific reference for researching and developing the feasible countermeasures against these two pests. Based on the distribution data of B. minax and B. dorsalis in China, obtained from the Chinese herbaria, investigation and literature. Four niche models (Garp, Bioclim, Domain, and Maxent) were used to analyze the key environmental factors affecting the distribution of both pests and to build prediction models of the potential distribution in Sichuan Basin. Combined with two statistical standards, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Kappa, the validity of prediction models were analyzed and compared. The results show that: the average AUC values of the four models are all above 0.90, and the average Kappa values are all above 0.75, indicating that the four models are suitable for predicting the potential distribution area of B. minax and B. dorsalis. The annual range of temperature, the mean temperature in the driest quarter, the mean temperature in the warmest quarter, the annual precipitation, and the precipitation in driest month are the key environmental factors affecting the distribution of B. minax, while the mean diurnal temperature range, the mean temperature in the driest quarter, the seasonal temperature variations and the precipitation in driest month affect the potential distribution of B. dorsalis. The suitable areas for B. minax are mainly concentrated in the eastern of Sichuan Basin, while the suitable areas for B. dorsalis are concentrated in the southeastern. Except for the Bioclim model, the highly-suitable area for both pests predicted by the other three models are all greater than 15.94 × 104 km2 and the moderately-suitable areas are greater than 13.57 × 104 km2. In conclusion, the suitable areas for both pests in Sichuan Basin are quite wide. Therefore, the relevant authorities should be given strengthened monitoring of both pests, especially in areas with high incursion rates.

Multiple Origins of Bioluminescence in Beetles and Evolution of Luciferase Function.

Bioluminescence in beetles has long fascinated biologists, with diverse applications in biotechnology. To date, however, our understanding of its evolutionary origin and functional variation mechanisms remains poor. To address these questions, we obtained high-quality reference genomes of luminous and nonluminous beetles in 6 Elateroidea families. We then reconstructed a robust phylogenetic relationship for all luminous families and related nonluminous families. Comparative genomic analyses and biochemical functional experiments suggested that gene evolution within Elateroidea played a crucial role in the origin of bioluminescence, with multiple parallel origins observed in the luminous beetle families. While most luciferase-like proteins exhibited a conserved nonluminous amino acid pattern (TLA346 to 348) in the luciferin-binding sites, luciferases in the different luminous beetle families showed divergent luminous patterns at these sites (TSA/CCA/CSA/LVA). Comparisons of the structural and enzymatic properties of ancestral, extant, and site-directed mutant luciferases further reinforced the important role of these sites in the trade-off between acyl-CoA synthetase and luciferase activities. Furthermore, the evolution of bioluminescent color demonstrated a tendency toward hypsochromic shifts and variations among the luminous families. Taken together, our results revealed multiple parallel origins of bioluminescence and functional divergence within the beetle bioluminescent system.

A self-locking mechanism of the frog-legged beetle Sagra femorata.

Insect legs play a crucial role in various modes of locomotion, including walking, jumping, swimming, and other forms of movement. The flexibility of their leg joints is critical in enabling various modes of locomotion. The frog-legged leaf beetle Sagra femorata possesses remarkably enlarged hind legs, which are considered to be a critical adaptation that enables the species to withstand external pressures. When confronted with external threats, S. femorata initiates a stress response by rapidly rotating its hind legs backward and upward to a specific angle, thereby potentially intimidating potential assailants. Based on video analysis, we identified 4 distinct phases of the hind leg rotation process in S. femorata, which were determined by the range of rotation angles (0°-168.77°). Utilizing micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) technology, we performed a 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and conducted relative positioning and volumetric analysis of the metacoxa and metatrochanter of S. femorata. Our analysis revealed that the metacoxa-trochanter joint is a "screw-nut" structure connected by 4 muscles, which regulate the rotation of the legs. Further testing using a 3D-printed model of the metacoxa-trochanter joint demonstrated its possession of a self-locking mechanism capable of securing the legs in specific positions to prevent excessive rotation and dislocation. It can be envisioned that this self-locking mechanism holds potential for application in bio-inspired robotics.

PRL2 Phosphatase Promotes Oncogenic KIT Signaling in Leukemia Cells through Modulating CBL Phosphorylation.

Receptor tyrosine kinase KIT is frequently activated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While high PRL2 (PTP4A2) expression is correlated with activation of SCF/KIT signaling in AML, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We discovered that inhibition of PRL2 significantly reduces the burden of oncogenic KIT-driven leukemia and extends leukemic mice survival. PRL2 enhances oncogenic KIT signaling in leukemia cells, promoting their proliferation and survival. We found that PRL2 dephosphorylates CBL at tyrosine 371 and inhibits its activity toward KIT, leading to decreased KIT ubiquitination and enhanced AKT and ERK signaling in leukemia cells. IMPLICATIONS: Our studies uncover a novel mechanism that fine-tunes oncogenic KIT signaling in leukemia cells and will likely identify PRL2 as a novel therapeutic target in AML with KIT mutations.

Increased Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Was Associated with Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Chinese Population.

Background: Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), a novel inflammatory marker, has been demonstrated to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its vascular complications, however, the relation between SII and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) has been never reported. We aimed to explore whether SII is associated with DPN in Chinese population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1460 hospitalized patients with T2DM. SII was calculated as the platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count, and its possible association with DPN was investigated by correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and subgroup analyses. Results: Patients with higher SII quartiles had higher vibration perception threshold and prevalence of DPN (all P<0.01), and SII was independently positively associated with the prevalence of DPN (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of prevalence of DPN increased progressively across SII quartiles (P for trend <0.01), and participants in the highest quartile of SII was at a significantly increased risk of prevalent DPN compared to those in the lowest quartile after adjustment for potential confounding factors (odds rate: 1.211, 95% confidence intervals 1.045-1.404, P<0.05). Stratified analysis revealed positive associations of SII quartiles with risk of prevalent DPN only in men, people less than 65 years old, with body mass index <24 kg/m2, duration of diabetes >5 years, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, poor glycaemic control, and estimated glomerular filtration rate <90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (P for trend <0.01 or P for trend <0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off point of SII for predicting DPN was 617.67 in patients with T2DM, with a sensitivity of 45.3% and a specificity of 73%. Conclusion: The present study showed that higher SII is independently associated with increased risk of DPN, and SII might serve as a new risk biomarker for DPN in Chinese population.

Combining Porous Se@SiO2 Nanocomposites and dECM Enhances the Myogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

Background: Volumetric Muscle Loss (VML) denotes the traumatic loss of skeletal muscle, a condition that can result in chronic functional impairment and even disability. While the body can naturally repair injured skeletal muscle within a limited scope, patients experiencing local and severe muscle loss due to VML surpass the compensatory capacity of the muscle itself. Currently, clinical treatments for VML are constrained and demonstrate minimal efficacy. Selenium, a recognized antioxidant, plays a crucial role in regulating cell differentiation, anti-inflammatory responses, and various other physiological functions. Methods: We engineered a porous Se@SiO2 nanocomposite (SeNPs) with the purpose of releasing selenium continuously and gradually. This nanocomposite was subsequently combined with a decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) to explore their collaborative protective and stimulatory effects on the myogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). The influence of dECM and NPs on the myogenic level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) activity of ADSCs was evaluated using Western Blot, ELISA, and Immunofluorescence assay. Results: Our findings demonstrate that the concurrent application of SeNPs and dECM effectively mitigates the apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels in ADSCs. Furthermore, the combination of dECM with SeNPs significantly upregulated the expression of key myogenic markers, including MYOD, MYOG, Desmin, and myosin heavy chain in ADSCs. Notably, this combination also led to an increase in both the number of mitochondria and the respiratory chain activity in ADSCs. Conclusion: The concurrent application of SeNPs and dECM effectively diminishes ROS production, boosts mitochondrial function, and stimulates the myogenic differentiation of ADSCs. This study lays the groundwork for future treatments of VML utilizing the combination of SeNPs and dECM.

Bibliometric and visualized analysis of arthroscopic treatment of acromioclavicular joint injury.

BACKGROUND: Since arthroscopy was discovered to treat acromioclavicular joint injury, people have had great interest and attention to this beautiful and minimally invasive operation, and related research has been increasing worldwide. At present, there is no bibliometric and visualized analysis in this field. The purpose of this study is to explore the research hotspots and trends of arthroscopic treatment of acromioclavicular joint injury through bibliometric and visualized analysis and look forward to the future development direction of clinical practice. METHODS: The publications on arthroscopic treatment of acromioclavicular joint injury diseases from its establishment to April 2023 were obtained from the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection database. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Scimago graphica and Origin were used for bibliometric and visualized analysis. RESULTS: This study included a total of 330 publications. The number of publications tends to increase every year. The USA has the most significant number of publications and citations. Imhoff AB is the most relevant scholar with the largest number of publications in this field, and the scholar with the highest citation and average citations is Mazzocca AD. Tech Univ Munich, Rush University and Charite are the three institutions with the greatest contribution. Tech Univ Munich, Rush University and Charite are the three institutions with the greatest contribution. In addition, "Arthroscopy-the Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery" and "American Journal of Sports Medicine" are the institutions with the most significant number of publications and average citations, respectively. The most common keywords are "acromioclavicular joint dislocation," "arthroscopic resection," "arthroscopic reconstruction" and "coracoclavicular ligament." CONCLUSION: The number of publications shows a steady upward trend as a whole. However, there is still a lack of cooperation among countries, institutions and scholars around the world, so various countries, institutions and scholars need to strengthen academic exchanges and expand the field of cooperation, so as to promote further research and development in related fields. However, minimally invasive methods such as arthroscopy are still the hotspots and frontiers in the treatment of acromioclavicular joint injury in the future.

The morphology and spectral characteristics of the compound eye of Agasicleshygrophila (Selman & Vogt, 1971) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini).

The first exploratory study was conducted on the compound eye morphology and spectral characteristics of Agasicleshygrophila (Selman & Vogt, 1971) to clarify its eye structure and its spectral sensitivity. Scanning electron microscopy, paraffin sectioning, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that A.hygrophila has apposition compound eyes with both eucones and open rhabdom. The micro-computed tomography (CT) results after 3D reconstruction demonstrated the precise position of the compound eyes in the insect's head and suggested that the visual range was mainly concentrated in the front and on both sides of the head. The electroretinogram (ERG) experiment showed that red, yellow, green, blue, and ultraviolet light could stimulate the compound eyes of A.hygrophila to produce electrical signals. The behavioural experiment results showed that both males and females had the strongest phototaxis to yellow light and positive phototaxis to red, green, and blue light but negative phototaxis to UV light. This study of the compound eyes of A.hygrophila will be helpful for decoding its visual mechanism in future studies.

Corrigendum: Efficacy and functionality of sugarcane original vinegar on mice.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1224666.].

Review of the Lycoceruspallidulus group (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), with descriptions of six new species from China.

The Lycoceruspallidulus subgroup, originally placed in the L.maculicollis group, is suggested as an independent species group herein and its diagnosis is redefined. Ten previously known species of Lycocerus are attributed to this group, including L.centrochinensis (Svihla, 2004), L.genaemaculatus (Wittmer, 1951), L.hubeiensis (Svihla, 2004), L.kubani (Svihla, 2004), L.zdeneki (Svihla, 2004), L.bilineatus (Wittmer, 1995), L.jelineki (Svihla, 2004), L.putzi Svihla, 2011, L.pictipennis (Wittmer, 1995), and L.curvatus (Wittmer, 1995). Additionally, six new species of this group are described from China, including L.laterophysussp. nov., L.flavipennissp. nov., L.putzimimussp. nov., L.maoershanensissp. nov., L.chongqingensissp. nov., and L.bispermathecussp. nov. These species are illustrated with photographs of habitus, aedeagi, abdominal sternites VIII, and reproductive systems of female. In addition, an identification key and a distribution map of the L.pallidulus group are provided.

Efficacy and functionality of sugarcane original vinegar on mice.

Introduction: Due to their bioactive compounds and beneficial health effects, functional foods and plant-based natural medicines are widely consumed. Due to its bioactivities, vinegar is one of them that helps humans. Sugarcane original vinegar (SOV) is a special vinegar made from sugarcane as a raw material through biological fermentation processes. Methods: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of sugarcane original vinegar on growth performance, immune response, acute oral toxicity, bacterial reverse mutation, mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus, mouse spermatogonial chromosome aberration, mammalian bone marrow cell chromosome aberration changes, and serum characteristics in mice. Distortion parameters were used to assess its safety, and at the same time, the functionality of SOV was monitored during experimentation. Results: The results show that the SOV has no damage or inhibitory effect on the bone marrow red blood cells of mice and no mutagenic or distortion-inducing effects on the bone marrow cell chromosomes or spermatogonia chromosomes, so it is safe to eat. SOV can improve blood lipids and reduce blood lipid content. Discussion: The study results provide data basis for the intensive processing of sugarcane and the development of high-value SOV products. Sugarcane original vinegar has a beneficial impact on performance, immune response, and chromosomal aberration. The production application influences the vinegar's quality and, consequently, its health benefits.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Themus foveicollis (Coleoptera: Cantharidae).

The genus Themus Motschulsky, 1858 is one of the largest genera of beetle family Cantharidae, however, no complete mitochondrial genome is available in the public database so far. Here, we sequenced and analyzed the first complete mitochondrial genome of Themus, with T. foveicollis as the representative species. The mitochondrial genome was 16,469 bp in size with 37 genes including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes, as well as a non-coding region, which are arranged in the same way as the hypothetical ancestral insect. It exhibited a typical high A + T bias and a higher proportion of bases A and C than T and G (A: 41.1%, T: 37.5%, G: 8.6%, C: 12.9%). The phylogenetic trees of Elateroidea were reconstructed based on 13 PCGs sequences using the Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum-likelihood (ML) analyses to investigate its phylogenetic position. The results showed that Themus was consistently grouped with the remaining genera of Cantharidae and placed in a monophyletic clade of Cantharinae in high supporting values, which are congruent with the morphological classification. The newly sequenced mitochondrial genome in this study constitutes important reference data for reconstructing phylogeny of the family Cantharidae or the superfamily Elateroidea.

Clinical characteristics and establishment of a 2-year-OS predictive model of EGFR mutation-positive patients with pleural invasion of lung adenocarcinoma.

To investigate the differences between lung adenocarcinoma with the pleural invasion that has EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) 19-del or 21L858R mutations in terms of clinical characteristics and outcomes. EGFR mutation-positive patients with pleural metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai City, Shandong Province, from January 2014 to January 2022 were selected. The clinical data of the patients were collected to retrospectively analyze whether the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with 19-del or 21L858R mutation subtype were different and analyze the impact of clinical characteristics on the prognosis of patients. The difference in clinical characteristics between the 2 groups was analyzed by SPSS, P < .05. There was statistical significance. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed with R soft. To establish a 2-year overall survival predictive model for patients with EGFR gene 19-del and 21L858R mutations in patients with pleural invasion of lung adenomas and to provide predictive model maps. Receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the value of the prediction model in this study. Of the 74 patients included, the 19-del mutation group had a higher incidence of pleural thickening (P = .023) and a lower Ki-67 level (P = .035). There was no difference in 2-year overall survival and progression-free survival between the 2 mutations. There were differences in pleural thickening and Ki-67 index between the 2 groups, but no differences in disease outcome between the 2 groups. The nomogram model established based on gender, treatment regimen, CEA, lymph node metastasis, and pleural changes is accurate and feasible.

Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia presenting with a ground glass nodule: A case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) is a rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder, often associated with autoimmune diseases. Most LIPs present with multiple bronchial cysts and diffuse interstitial infiltration. It is histologically characterized by widespread diffuse lymphocytic infiltration of the pulmonary interstitium, and the enlargement and widening of the alveolar septum. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 49-year-old woman was admitted to hospital for finding pulmonary nodules for more than 2 months. 3D imaging chest computed tomography (CT) examination of both lungs showed that there was a middle lobe of the right lung with a size of about 1.5 cm × 1.1 cm ground-glass nodules. DIAGNOSES: A single operating port thoracoscopic wedge resection biopsy of a right middle lung nodule was performed. The pathology showed diffuse lymphocytic infiltration with varying numbers of small lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages and histiocytes infiltrating the alveolar septa, widened and enlarged alveolar septa, and scattered lymphoid follicles. Immunohistochemically, CD20 positive in follicular area, CD3 positive in interfollicular area. LIP was considered. INTERVENTIONS: The patient was regularly followed without any specific treatment. OUTCOMES: Follow-up chest CT showed no significant abnormalities in the lungs 6 months after surgery. LESSONS: To the best of our knowledge, our case may be the second reported case of a patient with LIP presenting with a ground glass nodule on chest CT, and it is speculated that the ground glass nodule may be an early manifestation of idiopathic LIP.