Defect engineering of a TiO2 anatase/rutile homojunction accelerating sulfur redox kinetics for high-performance Na-S batteries.

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries have the drawbacks of the poor shuttle effect of soluble sodium polysulfides (NaPSs) as well as slow sulfur redox kinetics, which result in poor cycling stability and low capacity, seriously affecting their extensive application. Herein, defect engineering is applied to construct rich oxygen vacancies at the interface of a TiO2 anatase/rutile homojunction (OV-TRA) to enhance sulfur affinity and redox reaction kinetics. Combining structural characterizations with electrochemical analysis reveals that OV-TRA well alleviates the shuttle effect of NaPSs and precipitates the deposition and diffusion kinetics of Na2S. Consequently, S/OV-TRA provides excellent electrochemical performance with a reversible capacity of 870 mA h g-1 at 0.1 C after 100 cycles and a long-term cycling capability of 759 mA h g-1 at 1 C after 1000 cycles. This work provides an effective interfacial defect engineering strategy to promote the application of metal oxides in RT Na-S batteries.

Biosynthesis Progress of High-Energy-Density Liquid Fuels Derived from Terpenes.

High-energy-density liquid fuels (HED fuels) are essential for volume-limited aerospace vehicles and could serve as energetic additives for conventional fuels. Terpene-derived HED biofuel is an important research field for green fuel synthesis. The direct extraction of terpenes from natural plants is environmentally unfriendly and costly. Designing efficient synthetic pathways in microorganisms to achieve high yields of terpenes shows great potential for the application of terpene-derived fuels. This review provides an overview of the current research progress of terpene-derived HED fuels, surveying terpene fuel properties and the current status of biosynthesis. Additionally, we systematically summarize the engineering strategies for biosynthesizing terpenes, including mining and engineering terpene synthases, optimizing metabolic pathways and cell-level optimization, such as the subcellular localization of terpene synthesis and adaptive evolution. This article will be helpful in providing insight into better developing terpene-derived HED fuels.

Mir155hg Accelerates Hippocampal Neuron Injury in Convulsive Status Epilepticus by Inhibiting Microglial Phagocytosis.

Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a common critical neurological condition that can lead to irreversible hippocampal neuron damage and cognitive dysfunction. Multiple studies have demonstrated the critical roles that long non-coding RNA Mir155hg plays in a variety of diseases. However, less is known about the function and mechanism of Mir155hg in CSE. Here we investigate and elucidate the mechanism underlying the contribution of Mir155hg to CSE-induced hippocampal neuron injury. By applying high-throughput sequencing, we examined the expression of differentially expressed genes in normal and CSE rats. Subsequent RT-qPCR enabled us to measure the level of Mir155hg in rat hippocampal tissue. Targeted knockdown of Mir155hg was achieved by the AAV9 virus. Additionally, we utilized HE and Tunel staining to evaluate neuronal injury. Immunofluorescence (IF), Golgi staining, and brain path clamping were also used to detect the synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons. Finally, through IF staining and Sholl analysis, we assessed the degree of microglial phagocytic function. It was found that the expression of Mir155hg was elevated in CSE rats. HE and Tunel staining results showed that Mir155hg knockdown suppressed the hippocampal neuron loss and apoptosis followed CSE. IF, Golgi staining and brain path clamp data found that Mir155hg knockdown enhanced neuronal synaptic plasticity. The results from IF staining and Sholl analysis showed that Mir155hg knockdown enhanced microglial phagocytosis. Our findings suggest that Mir155hg promotes CSE-induced hippocampal neuron injury by inhibiting microglial phagocytosis.

Riveting technique in percutaneous balloon compression for trigeminal neuralgia remedy.

BACKGROUND: The percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) is a safe and simple treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. It works by compressing the Gasserian ganglion to block pain signals from the trigeminal nerve. To ensure effectiveness, it is important to focus the compression on the lower part of the balloon. OBJECTIVE: To validate the efficacy of a riveting technique, specifically pulling an inflated balloon, in order to apply enhanced compression on the ganglion. METHODS: To compare this novel technique with the conventional approach, a retrospective investigation was conducted on consecutive PBCs performed in our department between 2019 and 2022. For postoperative outcome assessment, efficacy was defined as achieving a VAS score of 0 or an improvement exceeding 5 points. Postoperative numbness was graded as none, mild, or severe based on its impact on daily life and tolerance level. RESULTS: Excluding cases with missed follow-up, a total of 179 participants were included in the study, and their follow-up period ranged up to 40 months. Postoperatively, symptomatic remission was achieved by 98.1% (52/53) of patients in the riveting technique group compared to 87.3% (110/126) in the conventional group (P<0.05). At the last follow-up period, with recurrence observed over time, the long-term efficacy of riveting and conventional groups were 94.3% and 74.6%, respectively (P<0.05). The majority of cases in both groups experienced ipsilateral facial numbness immediately following PBC, which appeared to diminish after 3 months in both groups without significant difference between them (P>0.05).

Worldwide research trends on tumor burden and immunotherapy: a bibliometric analysis.

Various immunotherapy has been greatly applied to comprehensive treatment of malignant cancer under different degrees of tumor burden. Scientific researchers have gained considerable progress in the relationship between immunotherapy and tumor burden in recent years. This review aimed to explore the prospect and developing trends in the field of tumor burden and immunotherapy from a bibliometric perspective. Articles about tumor burden and immunotherapy were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) (retrieved on 3 January 2023). The R package 'Bibliometrix' analyzed the primary bibliometric features and created a three-filed plot to display the relationship between institutions, countries, and keywords. VOSviewer was used for co-authorship analysis, co-occurrence analysis, and their visualization. And CiteSpace calculated the citation burst references and keywords. A total of 1030 publications were retrieved from 35 years of scientific researches. The United States (US) and China published the most articles. The most productive journals were Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy and Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer . The top one institution of the highest output was University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. The hot keywords of strong citation burst strength in recent years were 'nivolumab', 'tumor microenvironment', and 'immune checkpoint inhibitor'. The most popular tumor type is melanoma. This bibliometric analysis mapped a basic knowledge structure. The field of tumor burden and immunotherapy is entering a rapid growing stage and keeping it value for future research.

Development and validation of web-based nomograms for predicting survival status in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma depending on the surgical status: a SEER database analysis.

This study aimed to develop and validate prognostic nomograms that can estimate the probability of 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) as well as cancer-specific survival (CSS) for Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICCA) patients. Clinical data of 1446 patients diagnosed with ICCA between 2010 and 2017 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were analyzed. In both the OS and the CSS group, the training cohort and validation cohort were divided into a 7:3 ratio. Age, sex, AJCC T stage, AJCC N stage, AJCC M stage, surgical status, and tumor grade were selected as independent prognostic risk factors to build the nomograms. To compare the efficacy of predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and CSS rates of the nomogram with the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system, we evaluated the Harrell's index of concordance (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) in both cohorts. The results showed the nomogram for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and CSS prediction performed better than the AJCC staging system. In the subgroup analysis for patients could not receive surgery as the primary treatment. We developed two nomograms for predicting the 1-, and 2-year OS and CSS rates following the same analysis procedure. Results indicate that the performance of both nomograms, which contained sex, AJCC T stage, AJCC M stage, chemotherapy, and tumor grade and prognostic factors, was also superior to the AJCC staging system. Meanwhile, four dynamic network-based nomograms were published. The survival analysis showed the survival rate of patients classified as high-risk based on the nomogram score was significantly lower compared to those categorized as low-risk (P < 0.0001). Finally, accurate and convenient nomograms were established to assist clinicians in making more personalized prognosis predictions for ICCA patients.

Intelligent Protein Design and Molecular Characterization Techniques: A Comprehensive Review.

In recent years, the widespread application of artificial intelligence algorithms in protein structure, function prediction, and de novo protein design has significantly accelerated the process of intelligent protein design and led to many noteworthy achievements. This advancement in protein intelligent design holds great potential to accelerate the development of new drugs, enhance the efficiency of biocatalysts, and even create entirely new biomaterials. Protein characterization is the key to the performance of intelligent protein design. However, there is no consensus on the most suitable characterization method for intelligent protein design tasks. This review describes the methods, characteristics, and representative applications of traditional descriptors, sequence-based and structure-based protein characterization. It discusses their advantages, disadvantages, and scope of application. It is hoped that this could help researchers to better understand the limitations and application scenarios of these methods, and provide valuable references for choosing appropriate protein characterization techniques for related research in the field, so as to better carry out protein research.

Phenotypic drug susceptibility characterization and clinical outcomes of tuberculosis strains with A-probe mutation by GeneXpert MTB/RIF.

BACKGROUND: GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay was applied widely to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and rifampicin resistance. METHODS: Retrospectively investigated the association among treatment histories, phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) results, and clinical outcomes of patients infected with probe A absent mutation isolate confirmed by Xpert. RESULTS: 63 patients with only probe A absent mutation and 40 with additional pDST results were analyzed. 24 (60.0%) patients had molecular-phenotypic discordant rifampicin (RIF) susceptibility testing results, including 12 (12/13, 92.3%) new tuberculosis (TB) patients and 12 (12/27, 44.4%) retreated ones. 28 (28/39, 71.8%) retreated patients received first-line treatment regime within two years with failed outcomes. New patients had better treatment outcomes than retreated ones (successful: 83.3% VS. 53.8%; P value = 0.02). The clinical results of RIF-susceptible TB confirmed by pDST were not better than RIF-resistant TB (successful: 62.5% VS. 50.0%; P value = 0.43). INH-resistant TB and INH-susceptible TB had similar treatment outcomes too (successful: 61.5% VS. 50.0%; P value = 0.48). 11 (11/12, 91.7%) new patients treated with the short treatment regimen (STR) had successful outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of mono probe A absent isolates had RIF molecular-phenotypic discordance results, especially in new patients. Probe A mutations were significantly associated with unsuccessful clinical outcomes, whether the pDST results were RIF susceptible or not. STR was the best choice for new patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: retrospectively registered in Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital (No. 2021-KY-16).

Rapid Genotyping of Campylobacter coli Strains from Poultry Meat by PFGE, Sau-PCR, and fla-DGGE.

The genotyping of Campylobacter coli was done using three methods, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), Sau-polymerase chain reaction (Sau-PCR), and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis assay of flagellin gene (fla-DGGE) and the characteristics of these assays were compared. The results showed that a total of 53 strains of C. coli were isolated from chicken and duck samples in three markets. All isolates were clustered into 31, 33, and 15 different patterns with Simpson's index of diversity (SID) values of 0.972, 0.974, and 0.919, respectively. Sau-PCR assay was simpler, more rapid, and had higher discriminatory power than PFGE assay. Fla-DGGE assay could detect and illustrate the number of contamination types of C. jejuni and C. coli without cultivation, which saved more time and cost than Sau-PCR and PFGE assays. Therefore, Sau-PCR and fla-DGGE assays are both rapid, economical, and easy to perform, which have the potential to be promising and accessible for primary laboratories in genotyping C. coli strains.

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Response of the Toxic Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima to Phosphorous Limitation.

Some dinoflagellates cause harmful algal blooms, releasing toxic secondary metabolites, to the detriment of marine ecosystems and human health. Phosphorus (P) is a limiting macronutrient for dinoflagellate growth in the ocean. Previous studies have been focused on the physiological response of dinoflagellates to ambient P changes. However, the whole-genome's molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, RNA-Seq was utilized to compare the global gene expression patterns of a marine diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxin-producing dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum lima, grown in inorganic P-replete and P-deficient conditions. A total of 148 unigenes were significantly up-regulated, and 30 unigenes were down-regulated under 1/4 P-limited conditions, while 2708 unigenes were significantly up-regulated, and 284 unigenes were down-regulated under 1/16 P-limited conditions. KEGG enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes shows that genes related to ribosomal proteins, glycolysis, fatty acid biosynthesis, phagosome formation, and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis are found to be up-regulated, while most of the genes related to photosynthesis are down-regulated. Further analysis shows that genes encoding P transporters, organic P utilization, and endocytosis are significantly up-regulated in the P-limited cells, indicating a strong ability of P. lima to utilize dissolved inorganic P as well as intracellular organic P. These transcriptomic data are further corroborated by biochemical and physiological analyses, which reveals that under P deficiency, cellular contents of starch, lipid, and toxin increase, while photosynthetic efficiency declines. Our results indicate that has P. lima evolved diverse strategies to acclimatize to low P environments. The accumulation of carbon sources and DSP toxins could provide protection for P. lima to cope with adverse environmental conditions.

Partially Neutralized Polyacrylic Acid as an Efficient Binder for Aqueous Ceramic-Coated Separators for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

A partially neutralized polyacrylic acid (Pn-PAA) is used for coating sub-micron-sized α-alumina on a conventional microporous polyolefin separator, fabricating a ceramic-coated separator (CCS). Pn-PAA acts as a dispersant and binder by adsorbing itself on alpha(α)-alumina surfaces under acidic condition through the columbic interaction, providing a repulsive force to disperse fine alumina in aqueous suspension, and binds alumina strongly on plasma-treated separator through hydrogen bonding. This CCS shows favorable wettability in carbonate-based liquid electrolyte and ionic conduction due to the high hydrophilicity of Pn-PAA and alumina. With that, this study found that Pn-PAA-made-CCS yields a substantial adhesion strength of ~106 N/m with enhanced cycle stability, a specific capacity of 145.0 mAh/g after 200 cycles at 1 C at room temperature in half cells (LFP/Li metal).

Identification of a (+)-cubenene synthase from filamentous fungi Acremonium chrysogenum.

Sesquiterpene synthases convert farnesyl diphosphate into various sesquiterpenes, which find wide applications in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Although numerous putative sesquiterpene synthases have been identified in fungal genomes, many lack biochemical characterization. In this study, we identified a putative terpene synthase AcTPS3 from Acremonium chrysogenum. Through sequence analysis and in vitro enzyme assay, AcTPS3 was identified as a sesquiterpene synthase. To obtain sufficient product for NMR testing, a metabolic engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae was constructed to overproduce the product of AcTPS3. The major product of AcTPS3 was identified as (+)-cubenene (55.46%) by GC-MS and NMR. Thus, AcTPS3 was confirmed as (+)-cubenene synthase, which is the first report of (+)-cubenene synthase. The optimized S. cerevisiae strain achieved a biosynthesis titer of 597.3 mg/L, the highest reported for (+)-cubenene synthesis.

Worldwide productivity and research trend of publications concerning tumor immune microenvironment (TIME): a bibliometric study.

BACKGROUND: As the complexity and diversity of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) are becoming better understood, burgeoning research has progressed in this field. However, there is a scarcity of literature specifically focused on the bibliometric analysis of this topic. This study sought to investigate the development pattern of TIME-related research from 2006 to September 14, 2022, from a bibliometric perspective. METHODS: We acquired both articles and reviews related to TIME from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) (retrieved on September 14, 2022). R package "Bibliometrix" was used to calculate the basic bibliometric features, present the collaborative conditions of countries and authors, and generate a three-field plot to show the relationships among authors, affiliations, and keywords. VOSviewer was utilized for co-authorship analysis of country and institution and keyword co-occurrence analysis. CiteSpace was used for citation burst analysis of keywords and cited references. In addition, Microsoft Office Excel 2019 was used to develop an exponential model to fit the cumulative publication numbers. RESULTS: A total of 2545 publications on TIME were included, and the annual publication trend exhibited a significant increase over time. China and Fudan University were the most productive country and institution, with the highest number of publications of 1495 and 396, respectively. Frontiers in Oncology held the highest number of publications. A number of authors were recognized as the main contributors in this field. The clustering analysis revealed six clusters of keywords that highlighted the research hot spots in the fields of basic medical research, immunotherapy, and various cancer types separately. CONCLUSIONS: This research analyzed 16 years of TIME-related research and sketched out a basic knowledge framework that includes publications, countries, journals, authors, institutions, and keywords. The finding revealed that the current research hot spots of the TIME domain lie in "TIME and cancer prognosis", "cancer immunotherapy", and "immune checkpoint". Our researchers identified the following areas: "immune checkpoint-based immunotherapy", "precise immunotherapy" and "immunocyte pattern", which may emerge as frontiers and focal points in the upcoming years, offering valuable avenues for further exploration.

Systematic Mining and Evaluation of the Sesquiterpene Skeletons as High Energy Aviation Fuel Molecules.

Sesquiterpenes have been identified as promising ingredients for aviation fuels due to their high energy density and combustion heat properties. Despite the characterization of numerous sesquiterpene structures, studies testing their performance properties and feasibility as fuels are scarce. In this study, 122 sesquiterpenoid skeleton compounds, obtained from existing literature reports, are tested using group contribution and gaussian quantum chemistry methods to assess their potential as high-energy aviation fuels. Seventeen sesquiterpene compounds exhibit good predictive performance and nine compounds are further selected for overproduction in yeast. Through fed-batch fermentation, all compounds achieve the highest reported titers to date. Subsequently, three representative products, pentalenene, presilphiperfol-1-ene, and α-farnesene, are selected, produced, purified in large quantities, and tested for use as potential fuels. The performance of pentalenene, presilphiperfol-1-ene, and their derivatives reveals favorable prospects as high-energy aviation fuels.

A novel, genetically encoded whole-cell biosensor for directed evolution of myrcene synthase in Escherichia coli.

ß-myrcene is a high-value acyclic monoterpene. The low activity of myrcene synthase resulted to low biosynthetic titer of it. Biosensor is a promising tool applied for enzyme directed evolution. In this work, a novel genetically encoded biosensor responding to myrcene was established based on the MyrR regulator from Pseudomonas sp. Through sensing promoter characterization and engineering, the biosensor exhibiting excellent specificity and dynamic range was developed, and applied for directed evolution of myrcene synthase. After high-throughput screening of the myrcene synthase random mutation library, the best mutant R89G/N152S/D517N was obtained. Its catalytic efficiency was 1.47-fold than that of parent. Based on the mutants, the final production of myrcene reached 510.38 mg/L, which is the highest myrcene titer reported to date. This work demonstrates the great potential of whole-cell biosensor for improving enzymatic activity and the production of target metabolite.

Transcriptomic analysis of polyketide synthesis in dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum lima.

The benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima is among the most common toxic morphospecies with a cosmopolitan distribution. P. lima can produce polyketide compounds, such as okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin (DTX) and their analogues, which are responsible for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). Studying the molecular mechanism of DSP toxin biosynthesis is crucial for understanding the environmental driver influencing toxin biosynthesis as well as for better monitoring of marine ecosystems. Commonly, polyketides are produced by polyketide synthases (PKS). However, no gene has been confirmatively assigned to DSP toxin production. Here, we assembled a transcriptome from 94,730,858 Illumina RNAseq reads using Trinity, resulting in 147,527 unigenes with average sequence length of 1035 nt. Using bioinformatics analysis methods, we found 210 unigenes encoding single-domain PKS with sequence similarity to type I PKSs, as reported in other dinoflagellates. In addition, 15 transcripts encoding multi-domain PKS (forming typical type I PKSs modules) and 5 transcripts encoding hybrid nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)/PKS were found. Using comparative transcriptome and differential expression analysis, a total of 16 PKS genes were identified to be up-regulated in phosphorus-limited cultures, which was related to the up regulation of toxin expression. In concert with other recent transcriptome analyses, this study contributes to the building consensus that dinoflagellates may utilize a combination of Type I multi-domain and single-domain PKS proteins, in an as yet undefined manner, to synthesize polyketides. Our study provides valuable genomic resource for future research in order to understand the complex mechanism of toxin production in this dinoflagellate.

Improved outcomes following addition of bedaquiline and clofazimine to a treatment regimen for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate if the addition of bedaquiline and clofazimine to a treatment regimen for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) could improve patient outcomes. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted in patients with MDR-TB. Treatment was for 18 months. Patients in the experimental group received bedaquiline and clofazimine in addition to their regular treatment regimen whereas patients in the control group did not. RESULTS: 68 patients with MDR-TB were randomised to treatment, 34 to each group. At the end of treatment, cure rates were statistically significantly greater for the experimental group compared with the control group (82% vs. 56%). There was no difference between groups in the number of severe adverse events (3[9%]) in both groups and none were skin-related. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of bedaquiline and clofazimine to the treatment regimen significantly improves outcomes for patients with MDR-TB. Clinicians should be aware of the clinical benefits of this addition but be mindful of contraindications and adverse effects.

Design and synthesis of a clickable, photoreactive amino acid p-(4-(but-3-yn-1-yl)benzoyl)-l-phenylalanine for peptide photoaffinity labeling.

Photoaffinity labeling is a powerful technique to investigate the interactions between bioactive peptides and their targets. To construct a peptide-derived photoaffinity probe, at least two amino acids need to be modified or replaced, increasing experimental difficulties and negatively affecting activity. Herein, we report the synthesis of a clickable, photoreactive amino acid p-(4-(but-3-yn-1-yl)benzoyl)-l-phenylalanine (Abpa) and its Fmoc-protected version from 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-propanol in 11 steps with an overall 12.5% yield. The amino acid contains both a photoreactive benzophenone and a clickable terminal alkyne which acts like a reporter tag by fast attachment to other functional groups via 'click' reaction, and a photoaffinity probe could be created by one single amino acid substitution during peptide synthesis. And its small size helps to retain bioactivity. The efficiency of Abpa was demonstrated by photoaffinity labeling experiments using photoactivatable probes of α-conotoxin MI.

Comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and a novel amplified intergenic locus polymorphism method for molecular typing of Campylobacter jejuni.

Campylobacter is regarded as the leading cause of zoonotic diseases and Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is one of the predominant pathogenic species. To track C. jejuni infections, various genotyping methods have been used. In this study, amplified intergenic locus polymorphism (AILP) was used to type C. jejuni for the first time. To confirm its feasibility, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed as a control, and the results obtained by the AILP and PFGE methods were compared. Fifty-one isolates were resolved into 34 and 29 different genotypes with Simpson's indices of 0.976 and 0.967 using the AILP and PFGE methods, respectively. The adjusted Rand coefficient of the two approaches was as high as 0.845. In summary, the data showed that the two genotyping methods were similar for discriminating isolates and were both appropriate methods to distinguish whether two isolates were indistinguishable, but the AILP was faster and less costly than PFGE. Therefore, the AILP is a reliable, rapid, and highly discriminative method to genotype C. jejuni collected from poultry meat, which is helpful to effectively monitor C. jejuni.

Highly Flexible K-Intercalated MnO2 /Carbon Membrane for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Cathode.

The layered MnO2 is intensively investigated as one of the most promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), but its commercialization is severely impeded by the challenging issues of the inferior intrinsic electronic conductivity and undesirable structural stability during the charge-discharge cycles. Herein, the lab-prepared flexible carbon membrane with highly electrical conductivity is first used as the matrix to generate ultrathin δ-MnO2 with an enlarged interlayer spacing induced by the K+ -intercalation to potentially alleviate the structural damage caused by H+ /Zn2+ co-intercalation, resulting in a high reversible capacity of 190 mAh g-1 at 3 A g-1 over 1000 cycles. The in situ/ex-situ characterizations and electrochemical analysis confirm that the enlarged interlayer spacing can provide free space for the reversible deintercalation/intercalation of H+ /Zn2+ in the structure of δ-MnO2 , and H+ /Zn2+ co-intercalation mechanism contributes to the enhanced charge storage in the layered K+ -intercalated δ-MnO2 . This work provides a plausible way to construct a flexible carbon membrane-based cathode for high-performance AZIBs.