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1.
Heliyon ; 10(15): e34915, 2024 Aug 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39144976

RESUMEN

Background and aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing global epidemic in Türkiye and worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of MASLD and steatohepatitis among adults who died of unnatural causes including sudden death and non-burn trauma. Method: We conducted a prospective review of all consecutive adult forensic autopsies for natural (sudden unexpected) and non-natural (Suicidal, homicidal and accidental) suspicious deaths carried out at the Istanbul Council of Forensic Medicine from February to May 2022. Four wedge biopsies were extracted from sagittal sectioned liver specimens. A liver pathologist with 20 years of experience examined each case for steatosis, ballooning, inflammation, and fibrosis. Results: Among 1797 autopsies, 62 met inclusion criteria. Overall, 43.3 % (n = 26) of autopsies showed evidence of steatotic liver disease, with a distribution of steatosis severity as: Grade I (28.3 %), Grade II (6.6 %), and Grade III (8.3 %). All these cases met at least one cardiometabolic criteria and diagnosed with MASLD. Ballooning was observed in 20.0 % of cases (5 cases grades 1 and 7 cases grade 2), and Inflammation was present in 51.7 % (9 cases with grade 0-1, 12 with 1-2, 7 with 2-3, and 3 with 5-6). Notably, 46.1 % (n = 12) of MASLD cases and 20.0 % (n = 12) of all cases were diagnosed with steatohepatitis, with three cases exhibiting delicate perisinusoidal fibrosis and one case showing portal fibrosis. Conclusion: The histopathological findings from this autopsy study confirmed the markedly high prevalence of MASLD and steatohepatitis within the general adult population, highlighting the concerning burden of steatotic liver disease in Türkiye.

2.
Biomed Chromatogr ; : e5975, 2024 Aug 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39105236

RESUMEN

In this research, the study utilized the root, leaf, and petiole parts of in vitro grown Salvia hispanica plants as explants. Following UV-C treatment applied to developing callus, methanol extracts were obtained and analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) to investigate their anticancer properties. First, the seeds of S. hispanica were soaked in commercial bleach for 6 min to ensure surface sterilization. The most effective antimicrobial activity on Gram-negative bacteria, with a zone diameter (11 ± 0.82 mm), was noticed in callus extracts obtained from the petiole explant in the second protocol against Klebsiella pneumoniae EMCS bacteria. Anticancer activities on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were investigated by using 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.62, and 78.12 µg/mL doses of the extracts, and the most effective cytotoxic activity was determined at the 1000 µg/mL dose of the extracts obtained from both protocols. The extracts were determined to inhibit hCAI, hCAII, AChE, and BChE enzymes. The content of 53 different phytochemical components of the extracts was analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Rosmarinic acid, quinic acid, and caffeic acid were found in the highest concentration. The comprehensive LC-MS/MS analysis of S. hispanica extracts revealed a diverse array of phytochemical compounds, highlighting its potential for therapeutic applications.

3.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 16(10): 12661-12671, 2024 Mar 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427785

RESUMEN

Most thermoelectric (TE) materials used to convert heat energy into electrical energy are expensive and, to a certain degree, toxic. Moreover, due to the chemical complexity in the synthesis process, some of the TE materials are not reproducible. Similarly, the scarcity of TE materials hampers their scalability. To address the above issues, this study presents an inexpensive, nontoxic, scalable, and highly reproducible paint-based TE module for the conversion of heat energy to electrical energy. Transport properties with structural analysis indicate that the electrical conductivity of the paint TE material is controlled by the concentration of graphite and sodium silicate, while the Seebeck coefficient is dominated by the ratio of n- and p-type Bi-Sb-Te. The results indicate that the as-developed TE module can withstand an operating temperature of up to 160 °C. At a temperature of 57 °C, the highest power factors of the as-synthesized n- and p-type TE paints are 1.34 and 1.42 µW/(cm K2), respectively. It is also found that the TE module can have a higher output voltage when the cold side of the TE module is allowed to float in the air in comparison to that when it is in contact with the human body. The performance of the paint-based TE module is measured on five parts of the body, namely, the chest, palm, leg, wrist, and neck; the wrist has the highest open-circuit voltage of 1.9 mV, indicating its suitability for wearable applications. Finally, at a temperature gradient of 30 °C, a maximum output power of 6.8 µW is attained.

4.
Oral Dis ; 2024 Jan 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38287493

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To explore the presence and severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) signs and symptoms in a Turkish pediatric population, as well as their relationship to parafunctional behaviors, bruxism, malocclusion, anxiety, and sociodemographic traits. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients between the ages of 5-15. Demographic variables, TMD signs and symptoms, parafunctional habits, bruxism, and malocclusion were evaluated by clinical examination. Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) was used to determine the presence and severity of TMD. State-Trait Anxiety Scale for Children (STAI-C) was used to evaluate the anxiety. Student t, Mann-Whitney U, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-two participants (85 girls, 77 boys) with a mean age of 10.03 ± 1.88 years were included. The frequency of the participants who reported signs/symptoms of TMD was 19.7% according to FAI scores. Logistic regression analysis with the associated factors showed a significant relationship between the presence of the signs/symptoms of TMD and parafunctional habits (OR 4.24, 95% CI 1.64-10.93), and the presence of signs/symptoms of anxiety (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.16). CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents who exhibit parafunctional behaviors and anxiety had a higher likelihood of having TMD signs/symptoms of varying degrees of severity.

5.
J Investig Med ; 72(1): 88-99, 2024 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37840192

RESUMEN

The generalizability of artificial intelligence (AI) models is a major issue in the field of AI applications. Therefore, we aimed to overcome the generalizability problem of an AI model developed for a particular center for pneumothorax detection using a small dataset for external validation. Chest radiographs of patients diagnosed with pneumothorax (n = 648) and those without pneumothorax (n = 650) who visited the Ankara University Faculty of Medicine (AUFM; center 1) were obtained. A deep learning-based pneumothorax detection algorithm (PDA-Alpha) was developed using the AUFM dataset. For implementation at the Health Sciences University (HSU; center 2), PDA-Beta was developed through external validation of PDA-Alpha using 50 radiographs with pneumothorax obtained from HSU. Both PDA algorithms were assessed using the HSU test dataset (n = 200) containing 50 pneumothorax and 150 non-pneumothorax radiographs. We compared the results generated by the algorithms with those of physicians to demonstrate the reliability of the results. The areas under the curve for PDA-Alpha and PDA-Beta were 0.993 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.985-1.000) and 0.986 (95% CI: 0.962-1.000), respectively. Both algorithms successfully detected the presence of pneumothorax on 49/50 radiographs; however, PDA-Alpha had seven false-positive predictions, whereas PDA-Beta had one. The positive predictive value increased from 0.525 to 0.886 after external validation (p = 0.041). The physicians' sensitivity and specificity for detecting pneumothorax were 0.585 and 0.988, respectively. The performance scores of the algorithms were increased with a small dataset; however, further studies are required to determine the optimal amount of external validation data to fully address the generalizability issue.


Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje Profundo , Neumotórax , Humanos , Inteligencia Artificial , Neumotórax/diagnóstico por imagen , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Algoritmos
6.
Epigenomes ; 7(4)2023 Dec 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38131903

RESUMEN

Introduction: Known carcinogens in the dust and fumes from the destruction of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers on 9 November 2001 included metals, asbestos, and organic pollutants, which have been shown to modify epigenetic status. Epigenome-wide association analyses (EWAS) using uniform (Illumina) methodology have identified novel epigenetic profiles of WTC exposure. Methods: We reviewed all published data, comparing differentially methylated gene profiles identified in the prior EWAS studies of WTC exposure. This included DNA methylation changes in blood-derived DNA from cases of cancer-free "Survivors" and those with breast cancer, as well as tissue-derived DNA from "Responders" with prostate cancer. Emerging molecular pathways related to the observed DNA methylation changes in WTC-exposed groups were explored and summarized. Results: WTC dust exposure appears to be associated with DNA methylation changes across the genome. Notably, WTC dust exposure appears to be associated with increased global DNA methylation; direct dysregulation of cancer genes and pathways, including inflammation and immune system dysregulation; and endocrine system disruption, as well as disruption of cholesterol homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Conclusion: WTC dust exposure appears to be associated with biologically meaningful DNA methylation changes, with implications for carcinogenesis and development of other chronic diseases.

7.
Lasers Med Sci ; 37(1): 241-250, 2022 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33400012

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to perform a placebo-controlled assessment of the short- and long-term efficiency of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) in treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS). Sixty-three patients (32 in HILT + exercise and 31 in sham HILT + exercise group) who were diagnosed with SAIS were included. The assessments were performed before (baseline, 0) and after treatment (3rd week/12th week). Active range of motion (ROM) with goniometric measurement, pain with visual analog scale (VAS), shoulder function with Constant-Murley score (CMS), quality of life with SF-36 (short-form 36) health survey, muscle strength using isokinetic device (including peak torque level measurements at shoulder internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) at 120, 180, and 210 degrees) were assessed. Significant improvements were determined in the assessments at the 3rd and 12th week controls in both HILT and control groups. In the comparison of the values of the groups (3rd/12th week), the HILT group had a statistically significant improvement compared with the placebo group; in the active shoulder flexion, IR, and ER ROM measurements; in VAS scores; in CMS activities of daily living, ROM, strength and total scores; in all the sub-parameters of SF-36; and in IR 120,180, 210 and ER 120,180 degree/s peak torque values of isokinetic measurements. In the comparison of both groups, HILT + exercise treatment is more effective in reducing pain and increasing the ROM, functioning, quality of life, and the muscular strength assessed with isokinetic in the short and long term.


Asunto(s)
Terapia por Láser , Síndrome de Abducción Dolorosa del Hombro , Actividades Cotidianas , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Fuerza Muscular , Calidad de Vida , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Síndrome de Abducción Dolorosa del Hombro/radioterapia , Dolor de Hombro , Resultado del Tratamiento
8.
Res Int Bus Finance ; 54: 101277, 2020 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34173401

RESUMEN

This paper investigates the dynamics of bond and stock market capital flows to BRICS countries under uncertainties such as global economic policy uncertainty and the US trade policy uncertainty. We use a time-varying Granger causality framework over the January 2008-November 2019 period to analyze the predictive power of uncertainties on capital flows in the form of bond and equity. The results show that the effects are heterogeneous across countries and stronger during the Global Financial Crisis period and post-2018 period while it lost its significance in the subsequent period. The negative influence of uncertainties on capital flows directed to BRICS countries is also evident in the results of non-parametric time-varying panel models. Overall, it is thought that the heterogeneous structure of the causality between uncertainty and portfolio flows into BRICS may present portfolio diversification benefits for global investors.

9.
Pediatr Emerg Care ; 34(4): e70-e72, 2018 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29601467

RESUMEN

Priapism is an uncommon disorder, and nonischemic priapism is seen less frequently in children, generally after trauma. Although it seems to be an advantage that urgent intervention is not required because of no cavernous ischemia, it is likely to be misdiagnosed because of the asymptomatic potential. We aimed to present a case of posttraumatic nonischemic priapism.


Asunto(s)
Fístula/diagnóstico , Pene/lesiones , Priapismo/diagnóstico , Arterias , Capilares , Niño , Fístula/etiología , Fístula/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pene/irrigación sanguínea , Pene/diagnóstico por imagen , Priapismo/etiología , Remisión Espontánea , Ultrasonografía Doppler en Color/métodos
10.
Pediatr Neurosurg ; 42(5): 316-9, 2006.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16902346

RESUMEN

UNLABELLED: Existence of multiple cranial and spinal anomalies in spina bifida is well known; however, coexistence of seven different severe anomalies is extremely rare. The location of the anomalies, the patient's age and presentation are other interesting aspects of the presented case. CASE REPORT: A 1-year-old girl with an enlarged head and big, infected lumbosacral myelomeningocele (MMC) was admitted to the emergency department in a comatose state. Further investigations revealed hydrocephalus, Chiari malformation, syringohydromyelia, split cord malformation, dermal sinus tract, lumbosacral MMC, and tethered cord. Unfortunately, the patient died 3 days after admission because of meningitis and sepsis. DISCUSSION: Coexistence of seven different craniospinal anomalies is extremely unusual. Further investigations with magnetic resonance imaging for associated anomalies, early shunt placement and MMC repair are required to prevent this life-threatening condition in spina bifida.


Asunto(s)
Cabeza/anomalías , Defectos del Tubo Neural/complicaciones , Médula Espinal/anomalías , Siringomielia/complicaciones , Cefalometría , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/complicaciones , Lactante , Meningitis/complicaciones , Sepsis/complicaciones
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