Impacts of different biochar types on hydrogen production promotion during fermentative co-digestion of food wastes and dewatered sewage sludge.

Pyrolysis and anaerobic digestion are two important strategies for waste management that may be combined for clean energy production. This article investigates the effects of 12 types of biochars derived from four feedstocks at three pyrolysis temperatures on H2 production via fermentative co-digestion of food wastes and dewatered sewage sludge. The results show that feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature significantly influence biochar properties such as pH, specific surface area and ash contents. Despite the wide range of BET specific surface areas (1.2-511.3 m2/g) and ash contents (5.3-73.7(wt%)) of biochars produced, most biochars promoted the VFAs production process and altered the fermentative type from that of acetate type to butyrate type, which seemed to have a higher efficiency for H2 production. Moreover, fitting of the results to the modified Gompertz model shows that biochar addition shortens the lag time by circa 18-62% and increases the maximum H2 production rate by circa 18-110%. Furthermore, the biochar derived at higher pyrolysis temperatures enhances H2 production dramatically over those derived at low temperatures. Principal components analysis demonstrated that the pH buffering capacity of biochar was critical to the promotion of fermentative H2 production by mitigating the pH decrease caused by VFAs accumulation. Consequently, a sustainable integrated waste management strategy combining pyrolysis and anaerobic digestion is proposed for the efficient treatment of various bio-wastes.

Responses of microbial capacity and community on the performance of mesophilic co-digestion of food waste and waste activated sludge in a high-frequency feeding CSTR.

To understand the relationship between microbes and digester performance of high-frequency feeding CSTR, which could achieve stable CH4 production at high OLR by easing instantaneous feeding shock, attentions were paid on the variations of methanogenic capacity (MC) and microbial community with OLR increasing. Results showed that the MC for feedstock degradation could satisfy the need of effective conversion from feedstock to CH4 when the OLR remained below 16.4 g-TS/L/d. Furthermore, the MC for acetate, propionate and butyrate degradation increased by 73.8%, 303%, and 164%, respectively, with OLR increasing from 3.03 g-TS/L/d 12.6 g-TS/L/d. The evolution of both bacterial and archaeal communities provided additional information on the adaptation of functional microbes to environmental factors. The significant increase of abundance of Methanoculleus and Methanomassiliicoccus likely promoted the utilization of H2, thus facilitating syntrophic methanogenesis, and consequently ensuring efficient CH4 production in stable stage.