Top 100 Highly Cited Articles on Rhinoplasty between 2001 and 2020: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The authors performed a bibliometric and visualized analysis of the top 100 highly cited articles in rhinoplasty published between 2001 and 2020, to provide researchers with the present research status and the potential directions. METHODS: The authors obtained data from the Web of Science Core Collection on April 7, 2021. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed using the Web of Science. Collaboration and keyword analyses were performed using VOSviewer software. RESULTS: The top 100 highly cited articles included 86 original research articles and 14 reviews. The average total citations was 77 (range, 50 to 202). The article with 202 citations was published by Toriumi in 2006 and was the most influential reference. The most common level of evidence was level IV ( n = 24). Only five articles had a level of evidence of I. The top 100 articles were published in 24 journals. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery published 49 articles with 4013 citations. The United States published the most highly cited articles. The University of Texas System published 16 articles with 1166 citations. R. J. Rohrich published 14 articles with 1025 total citations. "Cleft lip and palate," "FACE-Q," "Functional Rhinoplasty Outcome Inventory 17," "NOSE scale" (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale), "quality-of-life," "questionnaire," and "RHINO scale" (Rhinoplasty Health Inventory and Nasal Outcomes scale) were important keywords. CONCLUSIONS: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery was the most influential journal, most research was reported from the United States, and the University of Texas System published the most highly cited article. R. J. Rohrich, R. K. Daniel, and B. Guyuron were the most prolific and influential authors. Global cooperation in rhinoplasty requires further strengthening.

Unsuspected gallbladder carcinonma discovered during or after cholecystectomy: focus on appropriate radical re-resection according to the T-stage

BACKGROUND: The long-term survival of patients with unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma (UGC) and the role of radical re-resection for this disease remain unclear. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out on 38 UGC patients. The time-to-event data were demonstrated by Kaplan-Meier curves. Comparing survival curves of two groups using the log-rank test. RESULTS: The overall incidence of UGC in patients underwent cholecystectomy in our hospital was 0.18 % (25 of 14,073). Distribution according to actual pT-stage (the UICC) was: pT1a: n = 3; pT1b: n = 11; pT2: n = 4; pT3: n = 12; pT4: n = 8. The preoperative diagnosis included a high rate of acute biliary tract inflammation (24 of 38, 63.2 %). Compared with other gallbladder carcinoma patients, UGC group had significantly higher proportion of early stages (pT1) (36.8 %, 14 of 38 cases) (p < 0.01), and better prognosis. The comparison of radical re-resection versus simple cholecystectomy showed a significant benefit in overall survival for the pT3 group (22.0 ± 5.48 vs. 5.0 ± 0.9 months; p = 0.02). There are median survival differences between the two subgroups of patients with pT1b tumors whether received re-resection or not. Median survival was 62.0 months and 24.0 ± 8.5 months, respectively, though the differences are not statistically significant (p = 0.131). CONCLUSION: Radical re-resection is strongly recommended for patients with pT1b-stage cancer. The reoperation should be performed as soon as possible, preferably within 10 days after the initial operation (AU)

Unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma discovered during or after cholecystectomy: focus on appropriate radical re-resection according to the T-stage.

BACKGROUND: The long-term survival of patients with unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma (UGC) and the role of radical re-resection for this disease remain unclear. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out on 38 UGC patients. The time-to-event data were demonstrated by Kaplan-Meier curves. Comparing survival curves of two groups using the log-rank test. RESULTS: The overall incidence of UGC in patients underwent cholecystectomy in our hospital was 0.18 % (25 of 14,073). Distribution according to actual pT-stage (the UICC) was: pT1a: n = 3; pT1b: n = 11; pT2: n = 4; pT3: n = 12; pT4: n = 8. The preoperative diagnosis included a high rate of acute biliary tract inflammation (24 of 38, 63.2 %). Compared with other gallbladder carcinoma patients, UGC group had significantly higher proportion of early stages (pT1) (36.8 %, 14 of 38 cases) (p < 0.01), and better prognosis. The comparison of radical re-resection versus simple cholecystectomy showed a significant benefit in overall survival for the pT3 group (22.0 ± 5.48 vs. 5.0 ± 0.9 months; p = 0.02). There are median survival differences between the two subgroups of patients with pT1b tumors whether received re-resection or not. Median survival was 62.0 months and 24.0 ± 8.5 months, respectively, though the differences are not statistically significant (p = 0.131). CONCLUSION: Radical re-resection is strongly recommended for patients with pT1b-stage cancer. The reoperation should be performed as soon as possible, preferably within 10 days after the initial operation.

Monosodium glutamate stimulates secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 and reduces postprandial glucose after a lipid-containing meal.

BACKGROUND: Monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) is known to influence the endocrine system and gastrointestinal (GI) motility. The mechanism of postprandial glycemic control by food in the GI tract is mostly unknown and of great interest. AIM: To investigate the effect of MSG on glucose homeostasis, incretin secretion and gastric emptying in humans after a lipid-containing meal. METHODS: Thirteen healthy male volunteers (mean age, 25.5 years) and with no Helicobcter pylori infection were enrolled. A 400 mL (520 kcal) liquid meal with MSG (2 g, 0.5% wt:vol) or NaCl (control) was ingested in a single-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study. Blood glucose, serum insulin, plasma glucagon, plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide were measured. Gastric emptying was monitored by a 13C acetate breath test. Postprandial symptoms were assessed on a visual analogue scale. RESULTS: The 30-min postprandial glucose concentration was significantly reduced by adding MSG to the test meal. The area under the glucose concentration vs. time curve (0-60 min) was also significantly reduced by adding MSG (40.6 ± 3.51 mg·1 hr/dL with MSG vs. 49.2 ± 3.86 mg·1 hr/dL with NaCl, P = 0.047), whereas, the 30-min postprandial plasma GLP-1 level was significantly increased (58.1 ± 15.8 pmol/L with MSG vs. 13.4 ± 15.8 pmol/L with NaCl, P = 0.035). MSG did not affect the half gastric emptying time or postprandial symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Monosodium l-glutamate improved early postprandial glycaemia after a lipid-containing liquid meal. This effect was not associated with a change in gastric emptying, but was possibly related to stimulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion.

Increase of weakly acidic gas esophagopharyngeal reflux (EPR) and swallowing-induced acidic/weakly acidic EPR in patients with chronic cough responding to proton pump inhibitors.

BACKGROUND: Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD)-related chronic cough (CC) may have multifactorial causes. To clarify the characteristics of esophagopharyngeal reflux (EPR) events in CC patients whose cough was apparently influenced by gastro-esophageal reflux (GER), we studied patients with CC clearly responding to full-dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy (CC patients). METHODS: Ten CC patients, 10 GERD patients, and 10 healthy controls underwent 24-h ambulatory pharyngo-esophageal impedance and pH monitoring. Weakly acidic reflux was defined as a decrease of pH by >1 unit with a nadir pH >4. In six CC patients, monitoring was repeated after 8 weeks of PPI therapy. The number of each EPR event and the symptom association probability (SAP) were calculated. Symptoms were evaluated by a validated GERD symptom questionnaire. KEY RESULTS: Weakly acidic gas EPR and swallowing-induced acidic/weakly acidic EPR only occurred in CC patients, and the numbers of such events was significantly higher in the CC group than in the other two groups (P < 0.05, respectively). Symptom association probability analysis revealed a positive association between GER and cough in three CC patients. Proton pump inhibitor therapy abolished swallowing-induced acidic/weakly acidic EPR, reduced weakly acidic gas EPR, and improved symptoms (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES: Most patients with CC responding to PPI therapy had weakly acidic gas EPR and swallowing-induced acidic/weakly acidic EPR. A direct effect of acidic mist or liquid refluxing into the pharynx may contribute to chronic cough, while cough may also arise indirectly from reflux via a vago-vagal reflex in some patients.

High-viscosity liquid meal accelerates gastric emptying.

Adding pectin to an elemental formula increases its viscosity through gelatinization, thus presumably preventing gastro-oesophageal reflux and aspiration pneumonia. We investigated the influence of the viscosity of an elemental formula on gastric emptying. Eleven healthy volunteers underwent three tests at intervals of >1 week. After fasting for >8 h, each subject received a test meal (enteral nutrition solution, enteral solution plus pectin, or water). Then gastric emptying (continuous (13)C breath test), gastro-oesophageal intraluminal pressures, oesophageal pH, and blood levels of glucose, insulin and gastrin were all measured simultaneously. The gastric emptying coefficient was significantly increased by adding pectin to enteral nutrition (3.01 +/- 0.10 vs 2.78 +/- 0.10, mean +/- SE, P < 0.05). The antral motility index was also significantly higher with pectin than without at 45-60 min and 60-75 min after the test meal (526 +/- 237 vs 6.5 +/- 4.6 mmHg s(-1) and 448 +/- 173 vs 2.3 +/- 2.3 mmHg s(-1) respectively; P < 0.05). Plasma glucose was significantly higher with pectin than without it at 60 min after ingestion (141.5 +/- 6.03 vs 125.8 +/- 4.69 microM mL(-1), P < 0.05). In healthy individuals, pectin increased the viscosity of enteral nutrition and accelerated gastric emptying.

Changes of in vivo gastrointestinal motor pattern in pacemaker-deficient (WsRC-Ws/Ws) rats.

In vitro studies on pacemaker-deficient W-mutants have revealed a disappearance of rhythmic contraction in their gastrointestinal tracts. Their contractile force has not been diminished, however. In contrast, W-mutants often present dysmoility-like symptoms with distension of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo. Gastrointestinal motility of W-mutant rats was examined in vivo by an extraluminal strain-gauge force transducer method. We examined a normal gastrointestinal motor pattern in the rats with two distinct motor phases, digestive and interdigestive. Moreover, we detected a failure to form an interdigestive contractile complex in pacemaker-deficient rats. The interdigestive motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract is important for cleaning gastrointestinal tract in preparation for the next meal. The impairment of the interdigestive contractile complex may be related to the dysmoility-like symptoms of W-mutant rats in vivo.

The septal chondromucosal island pedicle flap: anatomic study and clinical application.

A study was made of the facial regions of 10 fresh cadavers. The vascular anatomy of the perinasal region and the septum consistently confirmed the existence of a nasal alar basal artery and a nasal alar basal nerve to the septum. A new septal chondromucosal flap, supplied by the nasal alar basal artery and nerve, is proposed in this article. The composite flap can be used safely to restore partial or entire tarsoconjunctival defects of the upper or lower eyelid or combined defects of the upper and lower eyelid.

Effect of peptide YY on gastric motor and secretory activity in vagally innervated and denervated corpus pouch dogs.

In this study, we examined the mechanism by which constant intravenous infusion of physiological doses of PYY affects gastric secretion and motility in the vagally innervated (Pavlov) and denervated (Heidenhain) corpus pouch. As a result, only in the Heidenhain pouch, PYY at a dose of 100 pmol/kg-h significantly inhibited gastric secretion in the interdigestive and postprandial states. A dose of 300 pmol/kg-h inhibited the gastric secretion in both types of pouch, but inhibition in the Pavlov pouch was less than in the Heidenhain pouch. The inhibitory effect of PYY on phase III contractile activity was dose-dependent and significant, except in the Heidenhain pouch, and no dose of PYY had any effect on postprandial gastric motility. After all, vagal denervation enhanced the inhibitory effect of PYY on gastric secretion, but abolished the inhibitory effect on phase III contractile activity. Our findings strongly suggest that the inhibitory effect of PYY on gastric secretion is in part mediated by a non-vagal pathway and the inhibitory effect of PYY on gastric motor activities is completely dependent on vagal innervation, but the vagus nerve acts as an inhibitory modulator of the inhibitory effect of PYY on gastric secretion.