[Analysis of the results of modified personalized topographically and tomographically oriented technique of ultraviolet corneal collagen crosslinking]. / Analiz rezul'tatov modifitsirovannoi personalizirovannoi topograficheski i tomograficheski orientirovannoi metodiki ul'trafioletovogo krosslinkinga rogovichnogo kollagena.

PURPOSE: The study aims to develop a modified personalized topographically and tomographically oriented technique of ultraviolet corneal collagen cross-linking (UVCXL) to affect the area of the cornea with weakest biomechanical properties as determined by mathematical modeling. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Modeling of the biomechanics of keratoconic cornea under conditions of external diagnostic action was done using COMSOL Multiphysics® software. Finite-element analysis procured 3D images of stress/deformation distribution pattern throughout the cornea. Matching these 3D images with primary topographic and tomographic Pentacam AXL maps and Corvis ST findings allowed determining localization and dimensions of impaired regions of the cornea. The acquired data helped develop the modified corneal collagen cross-linking technique, which was applied in the treatment of 36 persons (36 eyes) with degrees I and II keratoconus. RESULTS: Uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity (UCVA and BCVA logMAR) in all patients after modified UVCXL increased after the follow-up period lasting 6-12 months by 0.2±0.19 (23%) and 0.1±0.14 (29%) (p<0.05), respectively, in comparison with preoperative values. Maximum keratometry (Kmax) decreased by 1.35±1.63% (3%; p<0.05) in all cases at 6-12 months follow-up. Improvement of corneal biomechanical strength was determined by statistically significant increase in corneal stiffness index (SP-A1) and corneal stress-strain index (SSI) measured with Pentacam AXL and Corvis ST at 6-12 months follow-up by 15.1±5.04 (18%) and 0.21±0.20 (23%) (p<0.05), respectively. Effectiveness of the developed UVCXL technique is also confirmed by the appearance of a characteristic morphological marker - «demarcation line¼ at the cross-linking site in keratoconus projection at the depth of 240±10.2 µm. CONCLUSION: The developed personalized topographically and tomographically oriented UVCXL technique provides an evident stabilizing effect on the cornea in the form of an increase in its biomechanical strength, improvement of clinical, functional indicators and safety of keratoconus treatment.

[The current problems of relaparotomy]. / Aktual'nye voprosy relaparotomii.

Relaparotomy was performed in 252 of 23,232 (1.08%) patients operated upon. The most frequent cause of relaparotomy is purulent complications. These patients have immunodeficient states due to different causes (duration of the disease, old age, diabetes mellitus, toxemia, anemia, extension of the injuries, irrational administration of antibiotics). Due to it, anaerobic neclostridial infection is widely used. Its participation in the purulent process in the abdominal cavity achieves 80-90%. For prevention and treatment of purulent complications of great importance is the modern and adequate struggle against intoxication and hypoxia, correction of immunodepression, purposeful antimicrobial therapy. Problems in determination of indications for relaparotomy are emphasized and the necessity to perform it in earlier terms.