Characterizing two models for abortion care in Argentina pre-Law 27.610: 2016-2019.

OBJECTIVE: Explore the use of two abortion care models in Argentina over the period 2016-2019: pro-rights private medical service providers and abortion accompaniment (via self-management and via health institutions); and compare the profile of who accesses these models and when. METHODS: We used data from accompaniment collectives in the Socorristas en Red and private service providers. We estimated annual abortion rates via these service models and compared the profile of the populations by type of service and gestational age (2019) using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. RESULTS: In 2016, 37 people per 100,000 women of reproductive age obtained accompanied self-managed abortions, and the number increased to 111 per 100,000 in 2019, a threefold increase. The rate of abortions via care providers was 18 per 100,000 in 2016 and 33 in 2019. Higher proportions of those who obtained abortion via care providers were 30 years or older. A higher proportion of those accompanied were 19 years or younger; 11% of those who obtained accompanied self-managed abortions were more than 12 weeks gestation compared with 7% among those who had accompanied abortions via health institutions and 0.2% among those who had abortions with private providers. A higher proportion of those who accessed accompanied abortions after 12 weeks gestation had lower educational levels, did not work or have social security coverage, had more past pregnancies, and attempted to terminate their pregnancies prior to contacting the Socorristas compared to those who had accompanied abortions at 12 weeks or earlier. CONCLUSIONS: In Argentina, prior to Law 27.610 models of care guaranteed access to safe abortion. It is important to continue making visible and legitimizing these models of care so that all those who decide to have an abortion, whether inside or outside health institutions, have safe and positive experiences.

Characterizing two models for abortion care in Argentina pre-Law 27.610: 2016-2019 / Utilización de dos modelos en la atención al aborto en Argentina pre-Ley 27.610: 2016-2019

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Explore the use of two abortion care models in Argentina over the period 2016-2019: pro-rights private medical service providers and abortion accompaniment (via self-management and via health institutions); and compare the profile of who accesses these models and when. METHODS We used data from accompaniment collectives in the Socorristas en Red and private service providers. We estimated annual abortion rates via these service models and compared the profile of the populations by type of service and gestational age (2019) using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. RESULTS In 2016, 37 people per 100,000 women of reproductive age obtained accompanied self-managed abortions, and the number increased to 111 per 100,000 in 2019, a threefold increase. The rate of abortions via care providers was 18 per 100,000 in 2016 and 33 in 2019. Higher proportions of those who obtained abortion via care providers were 30 years or older. A higher proportion of those accompanied were 19 years or younger; 11% of those who obtained accompanied self-managed abortions were more than 12 weeks gestation compared with 7% among those who had accompanied abortions via health institutions and 0.2% among those who had abortions with private providers. A higher proportion of those who accessed accompanied abortions after 12 weeks gestation had lower educational levels, did not work or have social security coverage, had more past pregnancies, and attempted to terminate their pregnancies prior to contacting the Socorristas compared to those who had accompanied abortions at 12 weeks or earlier. CONCLUSIONS In Argentina, prior to Law 27.610 models of care guaranteed access to safe abortion. It is important to continue making visible and legitimizing these models of care so that all those who decide to have an abortion, whether inside or outside health institutions, have safe and positive experiences.

RESUMEN OBJETIVO Explorar la utilización de dos modelos para la atención al aborto en Argentina en el período 2016-2019: abortos con proveedores de servicios médicos privados proderechos y abortos acompañados (vía autogestión y vía instituciones de salud); y comparar el perfil de quiénes acceden a estos modelos y cuándo. MÉTODOS Utilizamos datos de sistematizaciones de colectivas de acompañamiento en Socorristas en Red y de proveedores de servicios privados. Estimamos tasas anuales de abortos mediante estos servicios y comparamos el perfil de las poblaciones por tipo de servicio y edad gestacional (2019) utilizando estadísticas descriptivas y prueba chi-cuadrado. RESULTADOS En el 2016, 37 personas por cada 100,000 mujeres en edad reproductiva obtuvieron abortos acompañados vía autogestión, aumentando a 111 por 100,000 en 2019, es decir, se triplicó. La tasa de abortos con proveedores fue de 18 por 100,000 en 2016 y de 33 en 2019. Mayor proporción de quienes acudieron con proveedores tenía 30 años o más y mayor proporción de personas acompañadas tenía 19 años o menos; el 11% de quienes obtuvieron abortos acompañados vía autogestión tenía más de 12 semanas de gestación en comparación con el 7% entre quienes tuvieron abortos acompañados vía instituciones de salud y el 0.2% entre quienes abortaron con proveedores. Una mayor proporción de quienes accedieron a abortos acompañados después de 12 semanas de gestación tenía menor nivel educativo, no trabajaban ni tenían cobertura de obra social, y habían tenido más embarazos e intentado interrumpir su embarazo comparando con quienes abortaron acompañadas a las 12 semanas o antes. CONCLUSIONES En Argentina existen modelos de atención que han garantizado el acceso a abortos seguros desde antes de la Ley 27.610. Es importante continuar visibilizando y legitimando estos modelos para que todas las personas que deciden abortar, dentro o fuera de instituciones de salud, tengan experiencias seguras y positivas.

Theoretical Approach for the Luminescent Properties of Ir(III) Complexes to Produce Red-Green-Blue LEC Devices.

With an appropriate mixture of cyclometalating and ancillary ligands, based on simple structures (commercial or easily synthesized), it has been possible to design a family of eight new Ir(III) complexes (1A, 1B, 2B, 2C, 3B, 3C, 3D and 3E) useful as luminescent materials in LEC devices. These complexes involved the use of phenylpyridines or fluorophenylpyridines as cyclometalating ligands and bipyridine or phenanthroline-type structures as ancillary ligands. The emitting properties have been evaluated from a theoretical approach through Density Functional Theory and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory calculations, determining geometric parameters, frontier orbital energies, absorption and emission energies, injection and transport parameters of holes and electrons, and parameters associated with the radiative and non-radiative decays. With these complexes it was possible to obtain a wide range of emission colours, from deep red to blue (701-440 nm). Considering all the calculated parameters between all the complexes, it was identified that 1B was the best red, 2B was the best green, and 3D was the best blue emitter. Thus, with the mixture of these complexes, a dual host-guest system with 3D-1B and an RGB (red-green-blue) system with 3D-2B-1B are proposed, to produce white LECs.

Involución espontánea de meningioma. Caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Spontaneus involution of meningioma. Case report and literature review

Los meningiomas son tumores de las meninges cerebrales, de crecimiento lento y generalmente benignos, cuyo tratamiento es esencialmente quirúrgico. Presentan receptores de progesterona, y en menor medida de estrógeno, lo que les hace a veces tener crecimiento o disminución ligada a tratamiento hormonal. Es extremadamente raro que presenten involución espontánea. Presentamos el caso de un varón con un meningioma del planum esfenoidal. Como antecedentes tenía diabetes mellitus, miastenia gravis y un cáncer de próstata. Como tratamiento médico recibía, entre otros, análogos de la gonadotropina (leuprorelina), antiandrogénico (bicalutamida), agonistas β3 y bloqueantes α1. A los 15 meses del bloqueo hormonal se objetivó una reducción del tumor del 90% de su volumen. Los casos publicados previamente muestran que el tratamiento con análogos de la GnRH produce un crecimiento en algunos meningiomas. Existen otros casos publicados sobre reducción en pacientes diabéticos y en tratamiento con bloqueantes α1. Se revisa la literatura sobre meningiomas con involución espontánea (AU)

Meningiomas are tumors of the cerebral meninges, with slow growth and usually benign, whose treatment is essentially surgery. They have progesterone receptors, and to a lesser extent estrogen, which sometimes causes them to have growth or involution linked to hormonal treatment. Its spontaneous involution is extremely rare. We present the case of a male with a meningioma of the sphenoid planum. He had a history of diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis and prostate cancer. He was in treatment with analogs of GnRH (leuprorelin), antiandrogen (bicalutamide), β3 agonists and α1 blockers. 15 months after the hormonal blockade, a reduction of the tumor of approximately 90% of its volume was detected. Previous reports show that treatment with gonadotropin analogues produces growth in some meningiomas. Other reports of spontaneous involution affect diabetic patients and patients in treatment with α1 blockers. Literature focus on meningiomas with spontaneous involution is reviewed (AU)

Pseudoquistes abdominales, una complicación rara de los sistemas de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal: revisión sistemática de la literatura / Abdominal pseudocysts, an unusual complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt systems: Literature systematic review

Los pseudoquistes abdominales son una complicación infrecuente de las derivaciones ventrículo-peritoneales de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR), por lo que su etiología, diagnóstico y manejo terapéutico son muy controvertidos. Nuestro objetivo es ofrecer una revisión sistemática, crítica y actualizada, de la complicación, valiéndonos de una búsqueda y revisión de la literatura más relevante existente a propósito de dicho tema. La forma de aparición de los pseudoquistes es generalmente mediante clínica abdominal muy inespecífica. La etiología más validada es la existencia de una infección concomitante del sistema de derivación del LCR, y como tal el tratamiento precisa antibioterapia y sustitución de todo o parte del sistema. Sin embargo, el pseudoquiste no necesita de un tratamiento activo, salvo casos concretos. Este manejo, presentado algorítmicamente en el presente trabajo, logra una tasa de recurrencia menor que otras opciones que, no obstante, sigue siendo importante, y se asocia además a otras complicaciones de las derivaciones relacionadas con varios factores (AU)

Since the first report in 1954, abdominal pseudocysts have been recognized as a particularly uncommon complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts of CSF, so their etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic management remain very controversial. Our objective is to offer a critical and updated systematic review of those controversial points, using a thorough search and review of the most relevant literature available. The clinical presentation of pseudocysts is normally through non-specific abdominal symptoms. The most validated etiology consists on the existence of a concomitant infection of the CSF shunt system, and so, treatment needs of antibiotherapy and total or partial substitution of the system. However, the pseudocyst itself doesn’t need an active treatment, except for some specific cases. This management, algorithmically presented in the present work, achieves a lower recurrence rate than other options, but this one is still important, and is also associated with other complications of those shunts related with several other factors which need to be taken in account (AU)

Abdominal pseudocysts, an unusual complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt systems: Literature systematic review. / Pseudoquistes abdominales, una complicación rara de los sistemas de derivación ventrículo-peritoneal: revisión sistemática de la literatura.

Since the first report in 1954, abdominal pseudocysts have been recognized as a particularly uncommon complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts of CSF, so their etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic management remain very controversial. Our objective is to offer a critical and updated systematic review of those controversial points, using a thorough search and review of the most relevant literature available. The clinical presentation of pseudocysts is normally through non-specific abdominal symptoms. The most validated etiology consists on the existence of a concomitant infection of the CSF shunt system, and so, treatment needs of antibiotherapy and total or partial substitution of the system. However, the pseudocyst itself doesn't need an active treatment, except for some specific cases. This management, algorithmically presented in the present work, achieves a lower recurrence rate than other options, but this one is still important, and is also associated with other complications of those shunts related with several other factors which need to be taken in account.

Spontaneus involution of meningioma. Case report and literature review. / Involución espontánea de meningioma. Caso clínico y revisión de la literatura.

Meningiomas are tumors of the cerebral meninges, with slow growth and usually benign, whose treatment is essentially surgery. They have progesterone receptors, and to a lesser extent estrogen, which sometimes causes them to have growth or involution linked to hormonal treatment. Its spontaneous involution is extremely rare. We present the case of a male with a meningioma of the sphenoid planum. He had a history of diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis and prostate cancer. He was in treatment with analogs of GnRH (leuprorelin), antiandrogen (bicalutamide), ß3 agonists and α1 blockers. 15 months after the hormonal blockade, a reduction of the tumor of approximately 90% of its volume was detected. Previous reports show that treatment with gonadotropin analogues produces growth in some meningiomas. Other reports of spontaneous involution affect diabetic patients and patients in treatment with α1 blockers. Literature focus on meningiomas with spontaneous involution is reviewed.

Magnetic Otto Engine for an Electron in a Quantum Dot: Classical and Quantum Approach.

We studied the performance of classical and quantum magnetic Otto cycle with a working substance composed of a single quantum dot using the Fock-Darwin model with the inclusion of the Zeeman interaction. Modulating an external/perpendicular magnetic field, in the classical approach, we found an oscillating behavior in the total work extracted that was not present in the quantum formulation.We found that, in the classical approach, the engine yielded a greater performance in terms of total work extracted and efficiency than when compared with the quantum approach. This is because, in the classical case, the working substance can be in thermal equilibrium at each point of the cycle, which maximizes the energy extracted in the adiabatic strokes.

Tumor inflamatorio de Pott: una complicación rara de la sinusitis frontal / Pott’s puffy tumour: an unusual complication of sinusitis

El tumor inflamatorio de Pott es una complicación rara de la sinusitis frontal. Se trata de una osteomielitis del seno frontal con formación de un absceso subgaleal. La concentración puede extenderse intracranealmente y ocasionar meningitis, empiema, absceso cerebral o trombosis de senos venosos. En este artículo se presenta el caso de un niño que consultó por cefalea y edema facial progresivo. Se le realizó una tomografía computarizada de los senos paranasales que mostró los hallazgos típicos de un tumor inflamatorio de Pott.

Oral clindamycin 300 mg BID compared with oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 1 g BID in the outpatient treatment of acute recurrent pharyngotonsillitis caused by group a beta-hemolytic streptococci: an international, multicenter, randomized, investigator-blinded, prospective trial in patients between the ages of 12 and 60 years.

BACKGROUND: The increasing rate of treatment failure with penicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics in pharyngotonsillitis caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) has prompted the search for alternative antimicrobials. Both clindamycin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid have excellent clinical activity in pharyngotonsillitis. OBJECTIVE: This study compared the clinical and bacteriologic efficacy and tolerability of oral clindamycin with those of oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the outpatient treatment of acute recurrent GABHS pharyngotonsillitis. METHODS: This was an international, multicenter, randomized, investigator-blinded, prospective study in patients with acute recurrent pharyngotonsillitis. Recurrence was defined as > or =2 episodes of documented pharyngeal and/or tonsillar infection within the 12 months before the study. A rapid diagnostic test for GABHS was performed before initiating therapy, and positive results were confirmed by pharyngotonsillar culture. Patients were randomly assigned to receive oral clindamycin 300 mg BID or oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 1 g BID for 10 days. Culture was repeated on day 12. The primary study end points were clinical and bacteriologic efficacy assessed on day 12, and clinical and bacteriologic recurrence rates assessed at a visit taking place up to 3 months after the completion of treatment. Tolerability was the secondary end point. RESULTS: Seven hundred seventy-four patients with acute, recurrent GABHS pharyngotonsillitis were enrolled in the study (mean age, 28 years; age range, 12-60 years). Five hundred forty-two patients (272 clindamycin, 270 amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) were clinically evaluable at day 12. Four hundred ninety-four patients were bacteriologically evaluable, and the safety population included 772 patients. There were no significant differences between groups at baseline. In terms of clinical efficacy at day 12, 252/272 (92.6%) patients in the clindamycin group and 230/270 (85.2%) patients in the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid group were considered cured (P < 0.003). At day 12, bacteriologic eradication was achieved in 237/242 (97.9%) and 238/252 (94.4%) patients in the respective treatment groups (P = NS). No clinical response was observed in the absence of bacteriologic eradication. At 3-month follow-up, clinical cure was achieved in 267/280 (95.4%) patients in the clindamycin group and 267/280 (95.7%) patients in the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid group (P = NS); bacteriologic eradication was observed in 235 (99.2%) and 237 (99.6%) of the respective treatment groups (P = NS). Both treatments were well tolerated. Adverse events were reported in 53/384 (13.8%) patients in the clindamycin group and 41/390 (10.5%) patients in the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid group. The most commonly reported adverse events involved the digestive system (mainly diarrhea), occurring in 33 (8.6%) and 22 (5.6%) patients in the respective treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: In this study in patients with acute recurrent GABHS pharyngotonsillitis, oral clindamycin 300 mg BID and oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 1 g BID achieved comparable rates of bacteriologic eradication at 12 days and 3 months and comparable clinical cure rates at 3 months. Patients who received clindamycin had significantly greater clinical cure rates at 12 days. Both regimens were well tolerated.