Cytocompatibility of carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotubes in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth.

Carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH) presents unique properties due to nanoscale dimensions and permits a broad range of applications in different fields, such as bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the cytocompatibility of MWCNT-COOH with human stem cells is poorly understood. Thus, studies elucidating how MWCNT-COOH affects human stem cell viability are essential to a safer application of nanotechnologies. Using stem cells from the human exfoliated deciduous teeth model, we have evaluated the effects of MWCNT-COOH on cell viability, oxidative cell stress, and DNA integrity. Results demonstrated that despite the decreased metabolism of mitochondria, MWCNT-COOH had no toxicity against stem cells. Cells maintained viability after MWCNT-COOH exposure. MWCNT-COOH did not alter the superoxide dismutase activity and did not cause genotoxic effects. The present findings are relevant to the potential application of MWCNT-COOH in the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine fields.

The distinct effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in primary and immortalized cell lines.

The titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been applied to biomedical, pharmaceutical, and food additive fields. However, the effect on health and the environment are conflicting; thus, it has been reviewing several times. In this context, establishing standard robust protocols for detecting cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of nanomaterials became essential for nanotechnology development. The cell type and the intrinsic characteristics of titanium dioxide NPs can influence nanotoxicity. In this work, the cyto- and genotoxicity effects of standard reference material titanium dioxide NPs in primary bovine fibroblasts and immortalized Chinese hamster ovary epithelial (CHO) cells were determined and compared for the first time. Titanium dioxide NPs exposure revealed no cytotoxicity for primary bovine fibroblasts, while only higher concentrations tested (10 µg/ml) induce genotoxic effects in this cell model. In contrast, the lower concentrations of the titanium dioxide NPs cause the cyto- and genotoxic effects in CHO cells. Therefore, our finding indicates that the CHO line was more sensitive toward the effects of titanium dioxide NPs than the primary bovine fibroblast, which should be valuable for their environmental risk assessment.

Corrigendum to: The distinct effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in primary and immortalized cell lines.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab040.].

Cotton cellulose nanofiber/chitosan nanocomposite: characterization and evaluation of cytocompatibility.

Cellulose is a renewable polymer quite abundant on the Earth and very attractive for applications in the construction of eco-friendly biomedical products. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical-physical characteristics of cotton cellulose nanofiber (CCN)/chitosan nanocomposite and its cytocompatibility with human embryonic kidney cells. First, the chemical composition, swelling ratio and surface topography of the nanocomposite were evaluated. Cytocompatibility was then assessed through spreading, proliferation and viability of cells. The experimental results showed that the CCN was an effective nanomaterial agent for increasing the roughness surface of chitosan film. Cell proliferation and changes in cell morphology indicated that the nanocomposite led to improved cell spreading and growth. Cell viability did not decrease after 24 h. However, the cell survival on the nanocomposite was affected at 72 h. The results indicate that CCN/chitosan nanocomposite could be a promising biocompatible biomaterial for biomedical applications.