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1.
Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw ; 27(6): 387-398, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38527251

RESUMEN

In the increasing number of medical education topics taught with virtual reality (VR), the prehospital management of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) had not been considered. This article proposes an implemented VR system for STEMI training and introduces it in an institutional course addressed to emergency nurses and case manager (CM) doctors. The system comprises three different applications to, respectively, allow (a) the course instructor to control the conditions of the virtual patient, (b) the CM to communicate with the nurse in the virtual field and receive from him/her the patient's parameters and electrocardiogram, and (c) the nurse to interact with the patient in the immersive VR scenario. We enrolled 17 course participants to collect their perceptions and opinions through a semistructured interview. The thematic analysis showed the system was appreciated (n = 17) and described as engaging (n = 4), challenging (n = 5), useful to improve self-confidence (n = 4), innovative (n = 5), and promising for training courses (n = 10). Realism was also appreciated (n = 13), although with some drawbacks (e.g., oversimplification; n = 5). Overall, participants described the course as an opportunity to share opinions (n = 8) and highlight issues (n = 4) and found it useful for novices (n = 5) and, as a refresh, for experienced personnel (n = 6). Some participants suggested improvements in the scenarios' type (n = 5) and variability (n = 5). Although most participants did not report usage difficulties with the VR system (n = 13), many described the need to get familiar with it (n = 13) and the specific gestures it requires (n = 10). Three suffered from cybersickness.


Asunto(s)
Médicos , Investigación Cualitativa , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST , Realidad Virtual , Humanos , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/terapia , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Médicos/psicología , Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/terapia
2.
Neuropsychologia ; 116(Pt A): 34-43, 2018 07 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28237740

RESUMEN

Costly altruism entails helping others at a cost to the self and prior work shows that empathic concern (EC) for the well-being of distressed and vulnerable individuals is one of the primary motivators of such behavior. However, extant work has investigated costly altruism with paradigms that did not feature self-relevant and severe costs for the altruist and have solely focused on neurofunctional, and not neuroanatomical, correlates. In the current study, we used a contextually-rich virtual reality environment to study costly altruism and found that individuals who risked their own lives in the virtual world to try to save someone in danger had enlarged right anterior insula and exhibited greater empathic concern than those who did not. These findings add to the growing literature showing the role of caring motivation in promoting altruism and prosociality and its neural correlates in the right anterior insula.


Asunto(s)
Altruismo , Mapeo Encefálico , Encéfalo/fisiología , Empatía , Realidad Virtual , Adulto , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Relaciones Interpersonales , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Motivación , Adulto Joven
3.
Neuroimage ; 98: 134-46, 2014 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24780697

RESUMEN

To study the neuronal basis of altruistic behavior, we investigated functional connectivity within brain networks of participants who exhibited either a self-benefit behavior or an altruistic one in a life-threatening situation simulated in a virtual environment. In particular, participants were asked to evacuate a virtual building on fire and, without being previously informed, they were faced with a decision on whether to stop and help a trapped virtual human, at the possible cost of losing their own life in the virtual experience. Group independent component analysis (gICA) applied on blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional images revealed significant differences between the group of participants who showed selfish behavior and those who acted prosocially. Specifically, an increased functional connectivity in the salience network, comprising the anterior insula (AI) and the anterior mid cingulate cortex (aMCC), was observed in the selfish group compared to the prosocial one. Conversely, higher ICA weights in the medial prefrontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), were observed in the prosocial group. The findings show that an increased functional connectivity of the salience network, which suggests an enhanced sensitivity to the threatening situation and potential danger for the individual, resulted in more selfish choices, while the engagement of the medial prefrontal and temporo-parietal cortices subserved prosocial behavior, possibly due to their role in perspective-taking. The study provides the first online neurophysiological measurement of prosocial decision-making during threatening situations, opening new avenues to the investigation of neuronal substrates of complex social behaviors.


Asunto(s)
Altruismo , Corteza Cerebral/fisiología , Adulto , Atención/fisiología , Mapeo Encefálico , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Red Nerviosa/fisiología , Adulto Joven
4.
Soc Neurosci ; 9(1): 94-107, 2014 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24359489

RESUMEN

Although research in moral psychology in the last decade has relied heavily on hypothetical moral dilemmas and has been effective in understanding moral judgment, how these judgments translate into behaviors remains a largely unexplored issue due to the harmful nature of the acts involved. To study this link, we follow a new approach based on a desktop virtual reality environment. In our within-subjects experiment, participants exhibited an order-dependent judgment-behavior discrepancy across temporally separated sessions, with many of them behaving in utilitarian manner in virtual reality dilemmas despite their nonutilitarian judgments for the same dilemmas in textual descriptions. This change in decisions reflected in the autonomic arousal of participants, with dilemmas in virtual reality being perceived more emotionally arousing than the ones in text, after controlling for general differences between the two presentation modalities (virtual reality vs. text). This suggests that moral decision-making in hypothetical moral dilemmas is susceptible to contextual saliency of the presentation of these dilemmas.


Asunto(s)
Toma de Decisiones/fisiología , Emociones , Juicio , Principios Morales , Interfaz Usuario-Computador , Adolescente , Adulto , Atención , Femenino , Respuesta Galvánica de la Piel/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Estimulación Luminosa , Tiempo de Reacción/fisiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto Joven
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