An Assessment of the Serum Activity of ADH and ALDH in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC; previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis) is a chronic inflammation-induced cholestatic process in the liver. Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) are observed in around 90% of patients, which suggests that PBC is an autoimmune disease. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), ADH isoenzymes and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) are localized in the liver, and they are useful markers of liver dysfunction. In this study, the activity of total ADH, ADH isoenzymes and ALDH was evaluated in the blood serum of patients with PBC. The experimental group comprised 50 PBC patients, both male and female, aged 28-67. The control group consisted of 50 healthy subjects, both male and female, aged 25-65. The serum activity of class I ADH, class II ADH and ALDH was measured by spectrofluorophotometry, whereas total ADH and class III ADH activity was determined by photometry methods. The activity of class I ADH and total ADH was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.001). An increase in class I ADH and total ADH activity indicates that the isoenzyme class I ADH is released by compromised liver cells and can be useful diagnostic markers of PBC.

[Influence of ethyl alcohol on diabetes pathogenesis type]. / Wplyw alkoholu etylowego na patogeneze cukrzycy typu 2.

Relations between metabolism of carbohydrates and ethyl alcohol consumption became a subject of many research because they occur very frequently amongst alcoholics. One of the most often and dangerous effects of abusing ethanol is hypoglycemia. It is caused by hepatic gluconeogenesis disturbed by ethyl alcohol. Chronic result of abusing alcohol is chronic pancreas inflammation (PZT), what causes disorders of exo- and endocrine function of pancreas. Endocrine function is secretion of insulin and the glucagon what regulates metabolism of absorbed compounds. Failure of beta cells of Langerhans islets causes diabetes demanding insulin therapy. The ethanol can cause recurring diabetes resulting from damage of cells of Langerhans islets but can be also the risk factor of diabetes type 2.

[The effect of ethanol on the endocrynic system]. / Wplyw alkoholu etylowego na uklad endokrynny.

Ethyl alcohol and the products of its metabolism influence changes in the functioning of numerous tissues and organs, as well as enzymes and hormones. Alcohol causes malfunction of the hormonal pivot hypothalamus--pituitary gland--adrenal glands and hypothalamus-pituitary gland--thyroid, alcohol is harmful to the functioning of gonads and causes dysfunction of parathyroid. Long-term abuse of alcohol causes degeneration of liver cells, which results in carbohydrate disorders. Among people who consume excessive amounts of alcohol, there are higher risks of type 2 diabetes, secondary diabetes and chronic pancreatitis as a result of the damage of the pancreatic islands B.