[Antibiotic use in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants in 15 hospitals in Jiangsu Province of China: a multicenter survey]. / 江苏省15家医院极低/è¶ ä½Žå‡ºç”Ÿä½“é‡å„¿æŠ—ç”Ÿç´ ä½¿ç”¨çŽ°çŠ¶è°ƒæŸ¥.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the current status of antibiotic use in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants in Jiangsu Province of China, and to provide a clinical basis for the quality and improvement of antibiotic management in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the data on general conditions and antibiotic use in the very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants who were admitted to 15 hospitals of Jiangsu Province from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. A questionnaire containing 10 measures to reduce antibiotic use was designed to investigate the implementation of these intervention measures. RESULTS: A total of 1 920 very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants were enrolled, among whom 1 846 (96.15%) were treated with antibiotic, and the median antibiotic use rate (AUR) was 50/100 patient-days. The AUR ranged from 24/100 to 100/100 patient-days in the 15 hospitals. After adjustment for the confounding factors including gestational age, birth weight, and neonatal critical score, the Poisson regression analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the adjusted AUR (aAUR) among the hospitals (P<0.01). The investigation results showed that among the 10 measures to reduce antibiotic use, 8 measures were implemented in less than 50% of these hospitals, and the number of intervention measures implemented was negatively correlated with aAUR (rs=-0.564, P=0.029). CONCLUSIONS: There is a high AUR among the very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants in the 15 hospitals of Jiangsu Province, with a significant difference among hospitals. The hospitals implementing a relatively few measures to reduce antibiotic use tend to have a high AUR. It is expected to reduce AUR in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants by promoting the quality improvement of antibiotic use management in the NICU.

Organic photoredox catalytic amino-heteroarylation of unactivated olefins to access distal amino ketones.

Here we describe a metal-free amino-heteroarylation of unactivated olefins via organic photoredox catalysis, providing a concise and efficient approach for the rapid synthesis of various δ (ß, ε)-amino ketones under mild conditions. This protocol demonstrates that the new photocatalyst Cz-NI developed by our group has an excellent photoredox catalytic performance. Finally, a series of mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations indicate that this transformation undergoes a photoredox catalytic sequential radical addition/functional group migration process.

Cyclocarioside O-Q, three novel seco-dammarane triterpenoid glycosides from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus.

Three previously undescribed seco-dammarane triterpenoid glycosides O-Q (1-3) along with two known compounds (4 and 5) were isolated and characterized from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Their structures were determined by comprehensive analysis of 1 D, 2 D NMR and HRESIMS data. Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against human pancreatic tumor (ASPC-1), human gastric carcinoma (SNU5), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG-2) and human colon tumor (HCT116) cell lines. Among them cyclocarioside P (2) showed somewhat inhibitory activity towards those tumor cells.

Efficacy of Getong Tongluo Capsule () for Convalescent-Phase of Ischemic Stroke and Primary Hypertension: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the efficacy of Getong Tongluo Capsule (, GTC, consisted of total flavone of Radix Puerariae) on improving patients' quality of life and lowering blood pressure are superior to the extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGB) for patients with convalescent-phase ischemic stroke and primary hypertension. METHODS: This randomized, positive-drug- and placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted from September 2015 to October 2017. Totally 477 eligible patients from 18 hospitals in China were randomly assigned in a 2:1:1 ratio to the following interventions, twice a day for 12 weeks: (1) GTC 250 mg plus EGB-matching placebo 40 mg (237 cases, GTC group), (2) EGB 40 mg plus GTC-matching placebo 250 mg (120 cases, EGB group) or (3) GTC-matching placebo 250 mg plus EGB-matching placebo 40 mg (120 cases, placebo group). Moreover, all patients were orally administered aspirin enteric-coated tablets 100 mg, once a day for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the Barthel Index (BI). The secondary outcomes included the control rate of blood pressure and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. The incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs) were calculated and assessed. RESULTS: The BI relative independence rates, the clinical recovery rates of NIHSS, and the total effective rates of NIHSS in the GTC and EGB groups were significantly higher than the placebo group at 12 weeks after treatment (P<0.05), and no statistical significance was found between the GTC and EGB groups (P>0.05). The control rate of blood pressure in the GTC group was significantly higher than the EGB and placebo groups at 12, 18 and 24 weeks after treatment (P<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of AEs, adverse drug reactions, or serious AEs among the 3 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: GTC exhibited significant efficacy in improving patients' quality of life as well as neurological function and controlling hypertension. (Registration No. ChiCTR1800016667).

Modifying spin current filtering and magnetoresistance in a molecular spintronic device.

The zigzag edged graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) is excellent for spintronics devices, and many efforts have been made to investigate its properties such as spin filtering, rectification and magnetoresistance. Here we propose a molecular spintronic transport device based on two ZGNR electrodes connected with a dibenzo[a,c]dibenzo[5,6:7,8]quinoxalino[2,3-i]phenazine (DDQP) molecule. By performing first-principles electron transport computations, we found an enhanced spin polarized current-voltage curve, giant spin filter efficiency, magnetoresistance and rectification ratio properties of the device compared to its all-carbon molecular analogue. Our systematic investigation suggests the vital role played in spin polarized electron transport by nitrogen atoms in DDQP, the ZGNR probe's width and terminal geometry, especially the increased spin filter efficiency with higher ZGNR width.

[Study on experiment of fluorescence spectra detection of pesticide residue of imidacloprid in apple juices].

The fluorescence properties of imidacloprid was studied based on the basic theory that organic molecules can emit fluorescence as they are excited by rays. The fluorescence spectra were obtained under the condition of different content of imidacloprid in apple juices and pure apple juices respectively through fluorescence spectrometer, and the relation between their fluorescence intensity and content of imidacloprid was analyzed. The experiment results show that the most intensive fluorescence (373 nm) was found in the spectrum of imidacloprid, while the fluorescence was not found in the pure apple juices with 234 nm as the excitation wavelength. Then the imidacloprid solution was added to the fruit juices increasingly. The best prediction model was obtained for the contend of imidacloprid in the apple juices, the coefficient of determination is 0.99674, and the accuracy is higher than 90%. As a result, it is fast and feasible to carry out the detection and analysis of the pesticide residue of imidacloprid in the apple juices.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft versus allograft.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical outcome of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft versus allograft. METHODS: Between May 2000 and June 2004, 172 patients undergoing arthroscopic bone-patellar tendon-bone ACL reconstruction were prospectively randomized into autograft (n = 86) or allograft (n = 86) groups. The senior surgeon performed all operations using the same surgical technique. Each fixation was performed by means of an interference screw. Patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at follow-up. Of the patients, 156 (76 in the autograft group and 80 in the allograft group) were available for full evaluation. Evaluations included a detailed history, physical examination, functional knee ligament testing, KT-2000 arthrometer testing (MEDmetric, San Diego, CA), Harner's vertical jump and Daniel's 1-leg hop tests, Lysholm score, Tegner score, International Knee Documentation Committee standard evaluation form, Cincinnati knee score, and radiograph. RESULTS: Demographic data were comparable between groups. The mean follow-up was 5.6 years for both groups. There were no statistically significant differences according to evaluations of outcome between the 2 groups except that patients in the allograft group had a shorter operation time and longer fever time postoperatively compared with the autograft group. The postoperative infection rates were 0% and 1.25% for the autograft group and allograft group, respectively. There was a significant difference (P < .05) in the development of osteoarthritis between the operated knee in comparison to the contralateral knee according to radiographs. However, no significant difference was found between the 2 groups at the final follow-up examination (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Both groups of patients achieved almost the same satisfactory outcomes after a mean of 5.6 years of follow-up. Allograft is a reasonable alternative to autograft for ACL reconstruction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II, prospective comparative study.

[Effect of gensenoside Rg3 on apoptosis of Hep-2 and expression of HIF-1alha in human laryngeal cancer cell line under anoxic conditions].

OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism and effect of gensenoside Rg3 on Hep-2 Cell Line during the normoxia and hypoxia. METHODS: Hep-2 Human Laryngeal Cancer Cell Line was cultured under anoxic conditions, and set the normal control group and positive control group (DDP). MTT was used to observe the growth inhibition rates of Hep-2 Human Laryngeal Cancer Cell by Rg3; The cell cycle and cell apoptosis analysis were detected by FCM. Then the expression of HIF-1alpha and VEGF protein was detected by immunohistochemistry and FCM; The expression of HIF-1alpha and VEGF mRNA were detected by transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Rg3 could significantly inhibit the growth of Hep-2 cells and arrest the cells in G0/G1 phase during normoxia and hypoxia The mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1alpha were dolon-regulated. CONCLUSION: Rg3 can inhibit Hep-2 cells growth by delaying the progress of cell cycle and inhibit the expression of HIF-1alpha during hypoxia, this may be the mechanism of its anti-tumor effect.

ACL reconstruction with BPTB autograft and irradiated fresh frozen allograft.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with irradiated bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) allograft compared with non-irradiated allograft and autograft. METHODS: All BPTB allografts were obtained from a single tissue bank and the irradiated allografts were sterilized with 2.5 mrad of irradiation prior to distribution. A total of 68 patients undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction were prospectively randomized consecutively into one of the two groups (autograft and irradiated allograft groups). The same surgical technique was used in all operations done by the same senior surgeon. Before surgery and at the average of 31 months of follow-up (ranging from 24 to 47 months), patients were evaluated by the same observer according to objective and subjective clinical evaluations. RESULTS: Of these patients, 65 (autograft 33, irradiated allograft 32) were available for full evaluation. When the irradiated allograft group was compared to the autograft group at the 31-month follow-up by the Lachman test, the anterior drawer test (ADT), the pivot shift test, and KT-2000 arthrometer test, statistically significant differences were found. Most importantly, 87.8% of patients in the autograft group and just only 31.3% in the irradiated allograft group had a side-to-side difference of less than 3 mm according to KT-2000. The failure rate of the ACL reconstruction with irradiated allograft (34.4%) was higher than that with autograft (6.1%). The anterior and rotational stabilities decreased significantly in the irradiated allograft group. According to the overall International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), functional and subjective evaluations, and activity level testing, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups. Besides, patients in the irradiated allograft group had a shorter operation time and a longer duration of postoperative fever. When the patients had a fever, the laboratory examinations of all patients were almost normal. Blood routine was normal, the values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were 5~16 mm/h and the contents of C reactive protein (CRP) were 3-10 mg/L. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the short term clinical outcomes of the ACL reconstruction with irradiated BPTB allograft were adversely affected. The less than satisfactory results led the senior authors to discontinue the use of irradiated BPTB allograft in ACL surgery and not to advocate using the gamma irradiation as a secondary sterilizing method.