Diagnostic value of circulating miR-155 for breast cancer: a meta-analysis.

Backgrounds: The value of circulating microRNA (miR)-155 for breast cancer (BC) diagnosis may differ in different studies. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the potential application of circulating miR-155 in the diagnosis of BC. Methods: Articles published before December 2023 and in English were searched in these databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE and Google Scholar. A summary of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated from the true positive (TP), true negative (TN), false positive (FP) and false negative (FN) of each study. Additionally, the summary receive-operating characteristics (SROC) curve was constructed to summarize the TP and FP rates. Results: The pooled parameters calculated were as follows: sensitivity, 0.93 (95% CI: 0.83-0.97); specificity, 0.85 (95% CI: 0.74-0.92); PLR, 6.4 (95% CI: 3.4-11.9); NLR, 0.09 (95% CI: 0.04-0.20); and DOR, 74 (95% CI: 22-247). The analysis showed a significant heterogeneity (sensitivity, I2 = 95.19%, p < 0.001; specificity, I2 = 95.29%, p < 0.001; DOR, I2 = 92.9%, p < 0.001). The SROC curve was with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93-0.97). Conclusion: Circulating miR-155 has a potential in the diagnosis of BC.

Changes in the structural, physicochemical and functional properties and in vitro fecal fermentation characteristics of barley dietary fiber fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy-1.

Fermentation is an effective method for improving the nutritional quality and functional characteristics of grains. This study investigated changes in the structural, physicochemical, and functional properties of fermented barley dietary fiber (FBDF) exerted by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum dy-1 (Lp. plantarum dy-1) as well as its in vitro fecal fermentation characteristics. Lp. plantarum dy-1 fermentation remarkably changed the structure of FBDF, including the microstructure and monosaccharide components, correlating with improved water or oil retaining and cholesterol adsorption capacities. Additionally, Lp. plantarum dy-1 fermentation significantly (p < 0.05) promoted the release of bound phenolics from 6.24 mg g-1 to 6.93 mg g-1 during in vitro digestion, contributing to the higher antioxidant capacity and inhibitory activity of α-amylase and pancreatic lipase compared with those of raw barley dietary fiber (RBDF). A total of 14 phenolic compounds were detected in the supernatants of digestion and fermentation samples. During colonic fermentation, FBDF significantly increased the production of acetate, propionate, and butyrate (p < 0.05), inhibited the growth of Escherichia-Shigella, and promoted the abundance of SCFA-producing microbiota such as Faecalibacterium and Prevotella_9. In conclusion, Lp. plantarum dy-1 fermentation enhanced the physicochemical properties and in vitro fermentation characteristics of barley dietary fiber, representing a promising bioprocessing technology for modifying barley bran.

The prognostic effect of metastasis patterns on overall survival in organ metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.

The effect of various metastases patterns on the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (AD) remains unknown. The purpose of our retrospective study is to determine whether various metastases patterns have a prognostic impact on patients with organ metastatic lung AD. Patient data was extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The Kaplan-Meier method was chosen for the evaluation of overall survival (OS) rate. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to evaluate independent prognostic factors. In the SEER database, 12,228 patients with IV lung AD were retrieved in total. And 78.78% of those patients (9633/12,228) suffered from one of brain, lung, liver or bone metastasis due to disease progression. It was found that the most common site in patients with metastatic lung AD was brain (21.20%), and the least common site of metastasis was liver (3.50%). Patients who suffered single lung metastatic showed relatively good OS, and the median survival time was 11 months (95% CI 0.470-0.516). For those with 2 metastatic sites, data analysis suggested that the median survival times of patients with bone and lung metastasis (10 months; 95% CI 0.469-0.542) were better than others. For those with 3 metastatic sites, data analysis suggested that metastatic pattern had no effect on the OS. Brain is the most common single metastasis site of lung AD. Compared with the other 3 metastatic sites, patients with lung metastasis had better survival results. Deeper knowledge of metastatic patterns will help doctors to better understand the prognosis and formulate more appropriate treatment plans.

A silver-catalyzed domino inverse electron-demand oxo-Diels-Alder reaction of 3-cyclopropylideneprop-2-en-1-ones with 2,3-dioxopyrrolidines via cyclobutane-fused furan.

A silver-catalyzed diastereoselective one-pot domino cyclization-migration/inverse electron-demand oxo-Diels-Alder reaction has been disclosed in this communication through the in situ generated cyclobutane-fused furan intermediate with 4-vinyl-2,3-dioxopyrrolidine for the construction of 2-oxopyrrolidine-fused tricyclic compounds in moderate to good yields with a broad substrate scope under mild conditions. This new synthetic protocol features good efficiency and atom- and step-economy. A plausible reaction mechanism has also been proposed on the basis of previous reports, NMR tracing and control experiments.

Large Scale, Multicenter, Prospective Study of Apatinib in Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Real-World Study from China.

BACKGROUND: In China, gastric cancer (GC) ranks second in incidence and mortality. Over 80% of patients with GC were diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor clinical outcome. Chemotherapy was the mainstream treatment with limited benefit. Apatinib, an inhibitor of targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), has been approved for third-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer. However, the data of apatinib treatment in the real-world setting are limited. In this real-world study, we aimed to understand the current treatment pattern of apatinib, investigate the effectiveness and safety of apatinib in real-world settings, and explore the potential factors associated with the clinical outcomes. METHODS: This was a prospective, multicenter observational study in a real-world setting. Patients aged ≥18 years with histologic diagnosis of advanced GC were eligible for enrollment. The eligible patients received either apatinib monotherapy or apatinib plus chemotherapy by physician's discretion. Apatinib treatment could be used as first-line, second-line, or third-line and above therapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), ORR, DCR, and safety profile. RESULTS: A total of 737 patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with apatinib were included in the FAS population. A total of 54.9% patients used apatinib monotherapy and 45.1% patients used apatinib combination therapy. A total of 44.1% patients received apatinib in first-line treatment, 28.2% in second-line, and 27.7% in third-line and above. In first-line treatment, the objective response rate (ORR) was 9.09% and 16.42% in apatinib monotherapy and combination therapy groups, and disease control rate (DCR) was 78.41% and 89.29%, respectively. Patients who received combination therapy achieved significantly longer median progression-free survival (mPFS; 6.18 vs 3.52 months, p<0.01) and median overall survival (mOS; 8.72 vs 5.92 months, p<0.01) compared with monotherapy. In second-line and third-line therapy, combination therapy showed a better trend in tumor response and survival outcomes compared with monotherapy. For all patients, apatinib combined with paclitaxel were associated with longer mPFS compared with other combinations (8.88 vs 6.62 months). Multivariate analysis showed that combination with paclitaxel (p=0.02) and experience of apatinib-related specific AEs (p<0.01) were independent predictors for PFS and OS. The safety profile was tolerable and no unexpected adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION: In a real-world setting, apatinib showed a favorable effectiveness and safety profile in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Apatinib combination therapy, especially combined with paclitaxel, might lead to better survival benefit in first-line treatment. Combination with paclitaxel and the occurrence of apatinib-specific AEs were independent factors associated with better survival outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT03333967.

Effectiveness and safety of low-dose apatinib in advanced gastric cancer: A real-world study.

Apatinib has been demonstrated to be effective and safe among patients with gastric cancer failing after at least two lines chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness and safety of low-dose apatinib for the treatment of gastric cancer in real-world practice. We performed a prospective, multicenter observation study in a real-world setting. Patients with advanced gastric cancer more than 18 years old were eligible and received low-dose apatinib (500 mg or 250mg per day) therapy. The median progression-free survival (PFS), median overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety were assessed. Between September 2017 and April 2019, a total of 747 patients were enrolled. The mPFS was 5.56 months (95% CI 4.47-6.28), and mOS was 7.5 months (95% CI 6.74-8.88). Four patients achieved complete response, 47 achieved partial response, and 374 patients achieved stable disease. The ORR was 6.83% and DCR was 56.89%. In addition, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that hand-foot syndrome was one independent predictor for PFS and OS. The most common adverse events (AEs) at any grade were hypertension (36.55%), proteinuria (10.26%), hand-foot syndrome (33.53%), fatigue (24.9%), anemia (57.35%), leukopenia (44.49%), thrombocytopenia (34.21%), and neutropenia (53.33%). Grade 3-4 AEs with incidences of 5% or greater were anemia (13.97%), thrombocytopenia (7.14%), and neutropenia (6.67%). No treatment-related death was observed during the treatment of apatinib. The prospective study suggested that low-dose apatinib was an effective regimen for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer with tolerable or controlled toxicity in real world. Trial registration: NCT03333967.

An Adaptive Filtering Approach Based on the Dynamic Variance Model for Reducing MEMS Gyroscope Random Error.

To improve the dynamic random error compensation accuracy of the Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) gyroscope at different angular rates, an adaptive filtering approach based on the dynamic variance model was proposed. In this paper, experimental data were utilized to fit the dynamic variance model which describes the nonlinear mapping relations between the MEMS gyroscope output data variance and the input angular rate. After that, the dynamic variance model was applied to online adjustment of the Kalman Filter measurement noise coefficients. The proposed approach suppressed the interference from the angular rate in the filtering results. Dynamic random errors were better estimated and reduced. Turntable experiment results indicated that the adaptive filtering approach compensated for the MEMS gyroscope dynamic random error effectively both in the constant angular rate condition and the continuous changing angular rate condition, thus achieving adaptive dynamic random error compensation.

The Height-Adaptive Parameterized Step Length Measurement Method and Experiment Based on Motion Parameters.

In order to tackle the inaccurate step length measurement of people with different heights and in different motion states, a height-adaptive method of step length measurement based on motion parameters is proposed in this paper. This method takes people's height, stride frequency, and changing accelerometer output while walking into integrated consideration, and builds a dynamic and parameterized model of their step length. In this study, these parameters were calibrated with thirty sets of experiment data from people with different heights and in different motion states, which were then verified experimentally by motion data of randomly selected subjects, regardless of speed and height. The experiment results indicate that the height-adaptive step length measurement was realized, thus eliminating the influence of height exerted on step length measurement.

A new open-loop fiber optic gyro error compensation method based on angular velocity error modeling.

With the open-loop fiber optic gyro (OFOG) model, output voltage and angular velocity can effectively compensate OFOG errors. However, the model cannot reflect the characteristics of OFOG errors well when it comes to pretty large dynamic angular velocities. This paper puts forward a modeling scheme with OFOG output voltage u and temperature T as the input variables and angular velocity error Δω as the output variable. Firstly, the angular velocity error Δω is extracted from OFOG output signals, and then the output voltage u, temperature T and angular velocity error Δω are used as the learning samples to train a Radial-Basis-Function (RBF) neural network model. Then the nonlinear mapping model over T, u and Δω is established and thus Δω can be calculated automatically to compensate OFOG errors according to T and u. The results of the experiments show that the established model can be used to compensate the nonlinear OFOG errors. The maximum, the minimum and the mean square error of OFOG angular velocity are decreased by 97.0%, 97.1% and 96.5% relative to their initial values, respectively. Compared with the direct modeling of gyro angular velocity, which we researched before, the experimental results of the compensating method proposed in this paper are further reduced by 1.6%, 1.4% and 1.42%, respectively, so the performance of this method is better than that of the direct modeling for gyro angular velocity.