Reversible Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Transformation of a Coordination Polymer through Solar-Switchable Cycloaddition and Cycloreversion Reaction.

Reversible covalent reactions within crystalline complexes are powerful tools for the design and developing of new generation of reusable smart materials. In this work, a unique photoreactive olefin-containing metal-organic coordination polymer [Ag2(2,3-ppe)2(1,3-bdc)]n (1) was prepared by the hydrothermal reaction between AgNO3, 1-(2-pyridyl)-2-(3-pyridyl)ethylene (2,3-ppe), and 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (1,3-H2bdc). When exposed to sunlight, 1 can undergo single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) transformation to form [Ag2(dpdpcb)(1,3-bdc)]n (1a, dpdpcb = 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)-2,4-di(3-pyridyl)cyclobutane) through a [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. 1a can regenerate into 1 via the cycloreversion reaction based on the thermal effect of sunlight. Such a metal-organic complex exhibits interesting fluorescence switching behavior during the unprecedented fully solar-controlled reversible SCSC reaction, which makes it possible to be applied to the fields of optical memory storage and anti-counterfeiting.

Tumor-triggered targeting ammonium bicarbonate liposomes for tumor multimodal therapy.

Tumor-triggered targeting ammonium bicarbonate (TTABC) liposomes were proposed to improve the uptake of ammonium bicarbonate (ABC) liposomes in tumor cells and retain their long circulation in vivo in our previous study. However, it must be solved how to precisely release the loaded drugs of the TTABC liposomes into tumor cells. In addition, synergistic multimodal therapy could result in better tumor treatment outcomes than monomodal chemotherapy. In the research, we prepared indocyanine green (ICG) and doxorubicin (DOX) encapsulated TTABC liposomes (ICG&DOX@TTABC) to achieve near-infrared (NIR) light-controlled chemo/photothermal/photodynamic multimodal therapy guided by fluorescence and photothermal imaging. In vitro and vivo studies show that ICG&DOX@TTABC can specifically accumulate in tumor tissues, effectively transform NIR light into local thermo-therapy, and have excellent anti-tumor ability without obvious side effects. ICG&DOX@TTABC could be promising for fluorescence and photothermal imaging-guided chemo/photothermal/photodynamic tumor treatment.

Osteogenesis, Osteoclastogenesis and their Crosstalk in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Periodontitis in Mice.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the crosstalk of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis of alveolar bone in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced periodontitis in mice. METHODS: A representative periodontitis model was established by treating mice with LPS, and osteoblasts and osteoclasts were cultured. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts were cocultured to determine the effects of LPS on the crosstalk of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to determine the expression of osteoclastogenesis makers underlying the potential mechanisms. RESULTS: The morphological and pathological changes in alveolar bone were observed in LPSinduced mice and LPS dose-dependently suppressed osteogenesis. The mRNA expression of cathepsin K, as a marker of osteoclasts, was accordingly downregulated in the coculture. The mRNA expression of osteoprotegerin was increased, while that of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) was decreased with an increased concentration of LPS. Moreover, the mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was upregulated by LPS, whereas TLR4 knockout partially recovered osteoclast differentiation in the upper layer of the coculture. CONCLUSION: LPS dose-dependently suppressed osteogenesis but had a bidirectional effect on osteoclastogenesis. The combined effects of LPS on osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis and their crosstalk via TLR4 account for alveolar bone loss in periodontitis.

Novel cryogenic dual-emission mechanism of lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgInCl6 and using SiO2 to enhance their photoluminescence and photostability.

Lead halide perovskite have attracted world-wide attention regarding their serious hazards on ecological environment and human health. To improve both the emission intensity and stability of Cs2AgInCl6, this study explores using SiO2 to structurally adjust Cs2AgInCl6. Note that including SiO2 changed the growth style and crystal morphology of Cs2AgInCl6 from an octahedron to a truncated octahedron. After structural adjustment, the unit cells scattered, and the absorption limit broke. Moreover, SiO2 was demonstrated to passivate the material's surface to form an anti-oxidation protective layer. Consequently, the photoluminescence emission intensity increased by 181.5% and the stability of Cs2AgInCl6 improved by 83.11%. This work provides a methodology and reference for future improvements to the luminescence of Cs2AgInCl6. Furthermore, a novel double-emission phenomenon (λex = 365 nm: λem ≈ 580 nm; λex = 325 nm: λem ≈ 505 nm) of Cs2AgInCl6 at cryogenic temperatures (20 K) was discovered; this phenomenon explains the shoulder emission problem of 400-450 nm at room temperature and clarifies the luminescence mechanism of Cs2AgInCl6.

[Effects of electroacupuncture on postoperative functional recovery in patients with gynaecological laparoscopic surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate electroacupuncture on the efficacy and the safety of gastric and systemic functional recovery in patients with carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: Sixty patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into a regular anesthesia group (group A) and a combination electroacupuncture anesthesia group (group B), 30 cases in each group. The group A were treated with regular general anesthesia, and on the basis of general anesthesia, the group B were treated with electroacupuncture at bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) and Liangqiu (ST 34) by continuous wave and a frequency of 2 Hz 30 minutes before the surgery until the end of the operation. Sedation scale by Ramsay, nausea, vomiting and mental state scores of postoperative were evaluated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Compared with the group A, the sedation scale (1.19 +/- 0.56 vs 1.96 +/- 0.90), nausea score (0.59 +/- 0.80 vs 1.81 +/- 0.88), vomiting score (0.48 +/- 0.94 vs 1.89 +/- 0.93) and mental state score (0.96 +/- 0.73 vs 1.69 +/- 0.75) were all decreased significantly in the group B (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Combination electroacupuncture anesthesia can relieve postoperative irritable, nausea and vomiting, improve mental state after the operation and promote the gastric and systemic functional recovery. It is a good method for the adjustment of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery.

[Determination of amorphous iron oxides in soil by hydroxylamine extraction-spectrophotometry].

Amorphous iron oxides in soil were determined by hydroxylamine extraction-spectrophotometry. The results showed that hydroxylamrnine extraction eliminates interference of magnetite and the defect of results being on the high side was overcome to a certain degree compared with oxalic acid-oxalic acid ammonium extraction. The hydroxylamine extraction-spectrophotometry for the detection of amorphous iron oxides in soil was highly precise (relative standard deviation was less than 2.0%) and highly reliable (recovery rates ranged from 97.5% to 101.5%). Other advantages of the method were rapidness,simplicity and a shorter chromogenic time. In addition, soil incubated anaerobically at constant temperature under laboratory condition was investigated. The results suggested that iron reduction rates during initiation, rapid reaction and steady phases in the soil samples anaerobic incubation were 0.030-0.053, 0.186-0.333 and 0.015-0.030 g x d(-1) x kg(-1), respectively. Significant relationship between the concentrations of hydroxylamine extraction iron and iron reduction rates during rapid reaction phase in soil incubation (r= 0.9907, p<0.01) indicated that hydroxylamine had a higher degree of selectivity in amorphous iron oxides extraction than oxalic acid-oxalic acid ammonium extraction.