Associations of ABCB1 and XPC genetic polymorphisms with susceptibility to colorectal cancer and therapeutic prognosis in a Chinese population.

Associations between ABCB1 and XPC genetic polymorphisms and risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) as well as clinical outcomes in CRCs with chemotherapy were investigated. A case-control study was performed on the ABCB1 C3435T, G2677T/A and XPC Lys939Gln polymorphisms in 428 CRC cases and 450 hospital- based, age and sex frequency-matched controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assays. We observed that the ABCB1 3435CT or CC+CT variants were significantly linked with increasing risk of developing CRC (adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.814 (1.237-2.660), P=0.0022; adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.605 (1.117-2.306), P=0.0102, respectively). Moreover, the distribution frequency of XPC AC genotype or AC+CC genotypes also showed a tendency towards increasing the suscepbility for CRC (P=0.0759 and P=0.0903, respectively). Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the ABCB1 C3435T variant was associated with a tendency toward longer progression-free survival (PFS) (n=343, Log-rank test: P=0.063), and the G2677T/A variant genotypes (GT+TT+GA+AA) with a tendency for longer OS in postoperative oxaliplatin-based patients (n=343, Log-rank test: P=0.082). However, no correlation of the XPC Lys939Gln polymorphism was found with PFS and OS in patients with postoperative oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (n=343). Our study indicated that ABCB1 polymorphisms might be candidate pharmacogenomic factors for the prediction of CRC susceptibility, but not for prognosis with oxaliplatin chemosensitivity in CRC patients.

[Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on quality of life in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on quality of life in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Thirty-seven non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass were prospectively studied. A 36-item short form healthy survey questionnaire(SF36), the diabetes treatment satisfaction questionnaire(DTSQ), and quality of life scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DMQLS) were used to evaluate the quality of life for all the non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively. RESULT: The blood glucose and lipid indexes were significantly decreased after operation(all P<0.05). SF36 showed the physical and mental synthesis scores at 12 month after operation were 74.6±18.3 and 79.8±14.9 respectively, higher than those at one week before operation(54.9±15.1 and 56.4±17.8, both P<0.01). DTSQ showed treatment satisfaction score was increaced significantly after operation(29.2±7.1 vs. 15.4±5.6, P<0.01). The quality of life evaluated by DMQLS, was also significantly improved(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass can significantly improve the quality of life for non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Biliary tract injury caused by different relative warm ischemia time in liver transplantation in rats.

BACKGROUND: There is a controversy over the degree of liver and biliary injury caused by the period of secondary warm ischemia. A liver autotransplantation model was adopted because it excludes the effects of infection and immunological rejection on bile duct injury. This study was undertaken to assess biliary tract injury caused by relative warm ischemia (secondary warm ischemia time in the biliary tract) and reperfusion. METHODS: One hundred and two rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: group I (control); groups II to V, relative warm ischemia times of 0 minute, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours. In addition to the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin, pathomorphology assessment and TUNEL assay were performed to evaluate biliary tract damage. RESULTS: Under the conditions that there were no significant differences in warm ischemia time, cold perfusion time and anhepatic phase, group comparisons showed statistically significant differences. The least injury occurred in group II (portal vein and hepatic artery reperfused simultaneously) but the most severe injury occurred in group V (biliary tract relative warm ischemia time 2 hours). CONCLUSIONS: Relative warm ischemia is one of the factors that result in bile duct injury, and the relationship between relative warm ischemia time the bile injury degree is time-dependent. Simultaneous arterial and portal reperfusion is the best choice to avoid the bile duct injury caused by relative warm ischemia.

A novel triterpenoid saponin from Polygala tenuifolia Willd.

A new triterpenoid saponin, tenuifoside A, was isolated together with three known triterpenoid saponins 2, 3, and 4 from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. With the help of chemical and spectral analyses (IR, MS, 1D-NMR, and 2D-NMR), the structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-[4-O-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-beta-d-fucopyranosyl ester (1). Three known triterpenoid saponins (2-4) were identified on the basis of spectroscopic data.

A new triterpenoid saponin from Albizia julibrissin Durazz.

A new triterpenoid, saponin hehuanoside A, was isolated together with the known triterpenoid saponins 2, 3, and 4 from the stem bark of Albizia julibrissin. With the help of chemical and spectral analyzes (IR, MS, 1D-NMR, and 2D-NMR), the structure of the new triterpenoid saponin was elucidated as 21-O-[(6S)-2-trans-2,6-dimethyl-6-O-beta-d-quinovopyranosyl-2,7-octadienoyl]-3-O-beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-d-fucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-d-2-deoxy-2-acetamidoglucopyrasyl acacic acid 28-O-alpha-l-arabinofuranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1). Three known triterpenoid saponins 2-4 were identified on the basis of spectroscopic data.

Two new furostanol saponins from Tribulus terrestris L.

Two new furostanol saponins, tribufurosides B (1) and C (2), were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. With the help of chemical and spectral analyses (IR, MS, 1D NMR and 2D NMR), the structures of two new furostanol saponins were established as 26-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5alpha-furost-20(22)-en-2alpha,3beta,26-triol-3-O-beta-d-galactopyranosyl(1 --> 2)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 2)-beta-d-galactopyranoside (1) and (25S)-5alpha-furost-20(22)-en-12-one-3beta, 26-diol-26-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (2).

A novel steroidal glycoside, ophiofurospiside A from Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl.

A new furospirostanol saponin, ophiofurospiside A (1), was isolated together with the known steroidal glycosides 2, 3, and 4 from the tubers of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl. Using chemical and spectral analyses (IR, MS, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR), the structure of 1 was established as 26-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(22S, 25R)-furospirost-5-ene-3beta, 17alpha, 26-triol-3-O-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-[beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)]-glucopyranoside (1). Three known steroidal saponins 2-4 were identified on the basis of spectroscopic data.

Two new triterpenoid saponins from Pulsatilla cernua (Thunb.) Bercht. et Opiz.

Two new triterpenoid saponins, named cernuaside C and D, have been isolated from Pulsatilla cernua (Thunb.) Bercht. et Opiz. The structures of the two new triterpenoid saponins were elucidated as 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1 --> 2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 3)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside. (1) and 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 --> 3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) by 1D, 2D-NMR techniques, ESI-MS analysis as well as chemical methods.

[Studeis on the constituents of alkaloids and saponins of ginseng sini tang].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Ginseng Sini Tang. METHOD: The constituents were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis. RESULT: The 12 compounds were identified as ginsenoside-Rb1,-Rb2,-Rb3,-Rc,-Rd,-Re,-Rg1,Rg2,Rg3,Rf,Ra1,Ra2. The 10 compounds were identified as benzoylmesaconitine(BM), benzoylaconitine(BA), benzoylhypaconitine(BH), neoline (NL), fuziline (FL), 14-ethyl-talatisamine14-acetyl-talatisamine (AT), 14-benzoylhypaconine-8-linoleate (HAL),14-benzoyldeoxyaconine-8-oleate(HAO), 14-benzoylhypaconine-8-palmitate(HAP), talatisamine(TS). CONCLUSION: All these compounds were obtained from Ginseng Sini Tang for first times.