Application of Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy combined with GC in rapid and simultaneous determination of essential components in Amomum villosum.

A method is described using rapid and sensitive Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy combined with Gas Chromatograpy internal standard method detection for the simultaneous identification and determination of three bioactive compounds in Amomum villosum samples. Partial least squares regression is selected as the analysis type and multiplicative scatter correction, second derivative, and SNV were adopted for the spectral pretreatment. The correlation coefficients (R) of the calibration models were above 0.95 and the root mean square error of predictions were under 0.8. The developed models were applied to unknown samples with satisfantory results. The established method was validated and can be applied to the intrinsic quality control of Amomum villosum.

[Acute toxicity analysis performance of CellSense biosensor with E. coli].

E. coli microbial electrodes for CellSense biosensor were prepared by polycarbonate membrane immobilization process, and their performance for heavy metals and toxic organic compounds acute toxicity determination were studied. The results showed that when E. coli was in logarithmic and stationary phase, the CellSense biosensor with E. coli showed good performance in heavy metal ions and organic pollutants acute toxicity analysis, when E. coli was in its decline phase, the stability and sensitivity of the CellSense biosensor was poor. The EC50 values of Hg2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, o-chlorophenol (2-CP) and p-nitrophenol (4-NP) detected by CellSense biosensor with E. coli were 0.6, 3.1, 5.8, 180 and 94 microg/mL, respectively. The immobilized E. coli electrodes could still suit for acute toxicity assessment after 2 months storage at 4 degrees C.

[Toxicity assessments of landfill leachate based on CellSense biosensor].

The toxicity of landfill leachate of domestic wastes in different treatment unites landfill leachate pretreatment (No.1), facultative lagoon (No.2), aerated lagoon (No.3), mineralized refuse bioreactor (No.4) and catalysis iron inner electrolysis (No.5) of leachate treatment process in Shanghai was determined based on CellSense biosensor with E. coli. The results showed that the toxicity of the effluent in different treatment unites for landfill leachate increased during the treatment process due to the influence of matrix effect and intermediate toxic products of refractory organic matters. The toxicity of the effluent from No.1 to No.5 unites are 90% (EC10), 80% (EC30), 60% (EC50), 80% (EC50) and 2% (EC50), respectively. This showed no significant correlation with their corresponding COD and ammonia nitrogen concentrations.