Fertility-sparing surgery in children and adolescents with borderline ovarian tumors: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of children and adolescents with borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) and evaluate the efficacy and safety of fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) in these patients. METHODS: Patients with BOTs younger than 20 years who underwent FSS were included in this study. RESULTS: A total of 34 patients were included, with a median patient age of 17 (range, 3-19) years; 97.1% (33/34) of cases occurred after menarche. Of the patients, 82.4% had mucinous borderline tumors (MBOTs), 14.7% had serous borderline tumors (SBOTs), and 2.9% had seromucinous borderline tumor (SMBOT). The median tumor size was 20.4 (range, 8-40)cm. All patients were at International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I and all underwent FSS: cystectomy (unilateral ovarian cystectomy, UC, 14/34, 41.2% and bilateral ovarian cystectomy, BC, 1/34, 2.9%), unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (USO; 18/34; 52.9%), or USO + contralateral ovarian cystectomy (1/34; 2.9%). The median follow-up time was 65 (range, 10-148) months. Recurrence was experienced by 10 of the 34 patients (29.4%). One patient with SBOT experienced progression to low-grade serous carcinoma after the third relapse. Two patients had a total of four pregnancies, resulting in three live births. The recurrence rate of UC was significantly higher in MBOTs than in USO (p = 0.005). The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 67.1%, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: Fertility-sparing surgery is feasible and safe for children and adolescents with BOTs. For patients with MBOTs, USO is recommended to lower the risk of recurrence.

How do patients' perceptions and doctors' images impact patient decisions? Deconstructing online physician selection using multimodal data.

In the post-pandemic era, medical resources are uneven, and access to healthcare is complicated. Online medical platforms have become a solution to bridge the information gap and reduce hospital pressure. This study uses the stereotype content model and signaling theory to explore the impact of patient perception of patient decision making (PDM) on online medical service platforms. Also, it tests the moderating effect of physician image. We collected information on 12,890 physicians and 746,981 patient reviews from online medical platforms in China. Unsupervised machine learning was used to construct a topic model to extract patients' perceptions of physicians' competence and warmth. Meanwhile, the facial features of physicians, such as age, smile, and glasses, are recognized by convolutional neural networks. Finally, the influence of PDM concern on decision-making and the moderating effect of physician image were analyzed by multiple linear regression. The results of the study showed that (1) patients' perceptions of physicians' competence and warmth had a positive effect on decision-making; (2) physicians' age and wearing glasses enhanced the positive effect of perception on decision-making; and (3) however, physicians' smiles weakened the positive effect of perception on decision-making. This study provides new insights into patients' online physician selection, guides the construction and promotion of medical service platforms, and provides an effective avenue of exploration to alleviate the problem of uneven distribution of offline medical resources.

Fates and models for exposure pathways of pyrethroid pesticide residues: A review.

Pyrethroids (PYs) are widely applied pesticides whose residues pose potential health risks. This review describes current knowledge on PY chemical properties, usage patterns, environmental and food contamination, and human exposure models. It evaluates life cycle assessment (LCA), chemical alternatives assessment (CAA), and high-throughput screening (HTS) as tools for pesticide policy. Despite efforts to mitigate PY presence, their pervasive residues in the environment and food persist. And the highest concentrations ranged from 54,360 to 80,500 ng/L in water samples from agricultural fields. Food processing techniques variably reduce PY levels, yet no method guarantees complete elimination. This review provides insights into the fates and exposure pathways of PY residues in agriculture and food, and highlights the necessity for improved PY management and alternative practices to safeguard health and environment.

Toxic effect and mechanism of ß-cypermethrin and its chiral isomers on HTR-8/SVneo cells.

Beta-cypermethrin (ß-CYP) consists of four chiral isomers, acting as an environmental estrogen and causing reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and dysfunctions in multiple organ systems. This study investigated the toxic effects of ß-CYP, its isomers, metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), and 17ß-estradiol (E2) on HTR-8/SVneo cells. We focused on the toxic mechanisms of ß-CYP and its specific isomers. Our results showed that ß-CYP and its isomers inhibit HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation similarly to E2, with 100 µM 1S-trans-αR displaying significant toxicity after 48 h. Notably, 1S-trans-αR, 1R-trans-αS, and ß-CYP were more potent in inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest than 1R-cis-αS and 1S-cis-αR at 48 h. AO/EB staining and flow cytometry indicated dose-dependent apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo cells, particularly at 100 µM 1R-trans-αS. Scratch assays revealed that ß-CYP and its isomers variably reduced cell migration. Receptor inhibition assays demonstrated that post-ICI 182780 treatment, which inhibits estrogen receptor α (ERα) or estrogen receptor ß (ERß), ß-CYP, its isomers, and E2 reduced HTR-8/SVneo cell viability, whereas milrinone, a phosphodiesterase 3 A (PDE3A) inhibitor, increased viability. Molecular docking studies indicated a higher affinity of ß-CYP, its isomers, and E2 for PDE3A than for ERα or ERß. Consequently, ß-CYP, its isomers, and E2 consistently led to decreased cell viability. Transcriptomics and RT-qPCR analyses showed differential expression in treated cells: up-regulation of Il24 and Ptgs2, and down-regulation of Myo7a and Pdgfrb, suggesting the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway as a potential route for toxicity. This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the cytotoxicity of chiral pesticides and their mechanisms.

Antioxidants improve ß-cypermethrin degradation by alleviating oxidative damage and increasing bioavailability by Bacillus cereus GW-01.

Microbial degradation of pesticide residues has the potential to reduce their hazards to human and environmental health. However, in some cases, degradation can activate pesticides, making them more toxic to microbes. Here we report on the ß-cypermethrin (ß-CY) toxicity to Bacillus cereus GW-01, a recently described ß-CY degrader, and effects of antioxidants on ß-CY degradation. GW-01 exposed to ß-CY negatively affected the growth rate. The highest maximum specific growth rate (µm) appeared at 25 mg/L ß-CY. ß-CY induced the oxidative stress in GW-01. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalyse (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were significantly higher than that in control (p < 0.01); but they are decreased as growth phase pronged, which is contrary to the ß-CY degradation by GW-01 cells obtaining from various growth phase. Ascorbic acid (Vc), tea polyphenols (TP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) improved the degradation through changing the physiological property of GW-01. TP and AMP prompted the expression of gene encoding ß-CY degradation in GW-01, while Vc does the opposite. Biofilm formation was significantly inhibited by ß-CY, while was significantly enhanced by certain concentrations of TP and AMP (p < 0.05); while cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) was negatively associated with ß-CY concentrations from 25 to 100 mg/L, and these 4 antioxidants all boosted the CSH. Cells grown with ß-CY had lower levels of saturated fatty acids but increased levels of some unsaturated and branched fatty acids, and these antioxidants alleviated the FA composition changes and gene expression related with FA metabolism. We also mined transcriptome analyses at lag, logarithmic, and stationary phases, and found that ß-CY induced oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to elaborate characteristics in relation to the microbial resistance of pesticide poisoning and the efficiency of pesticide degradation, and to provide a promising method for improving pesticide degradation by microbes.

Scalable biomimetic sensing system with membrane receptor dual-monolayer probe and graphene transistor arrays.

Affinity-based biosensing can enable point-of-care diagnostics and continuous health monitoring, which commonly follows bottom-up approaches and is inherently constrained by bioprobes' intrinsic properties, batch-to-batch consistency, and stability in biofluids. We present a biomimetic top-down platform to circumvent such difficulties by combining a "dual-monolayer" biorecognition construct with graphene-based field-effect-transistor arrays. The construct adopts redesigned water-soluble membrane receptors as specific sensing units, positioned by two-dimensional crystalline S-layer proteins as dense antifouling linkers guiding their orientations. Hundreds of transistors provide statistical significance from transduced signals. System feasibility was demonstrated with rSbpA-ZZ/CXCR4QTY-Fc combination. Nature-like specific interactions were achieved toward CXCL12 ligand and HIV coat glycoprotein in physiologically relevant concentrations, without notable sensitivity loss in 100% human serum. The construct is regeneratable by acidic buffer, allowing device reuse and functional tuning. The modular and generalizable architecture behaves similarly to natural systems but gives electrical outputs, which enables fabrication of multiplex sensors with tailored receptor panels for designated diagnostic purposes.

The research landscape of the quality of life or psychological impact on gynecological cancer patients: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: Gynecological cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. The quality of life (QoL) or psychological impact has emerged as an outcome indicator in many clinical trials of gynecological cancer and gained much concern in the clinical setting at the start of the 21st century. Our paper conducted a bibliometric analysis of QoL or psychological impact on gynecological cancer patients to show the status and hotspots. Methods: Related publications from 2000 to 2022 were included by screening from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) on 26 June 2022. The bibliometrics was analyzed and visualized by bibliometrix R-package, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace V. Results: A total of 6,479 publications were included in our study. The publications in this field were increased annually. The United States (n = 2,075) was the country with the most published papers. Sydney University (n = 167) was the most productive affiliation. Gynecologic Oncology and Journal of Clinical Oncology were the most relevant and most cited sources, respectively. The article written by Bray F et al. has the highest citation. Kim J and Aaronson NK ranked first in most productive author and most co-cited author, respectively. The keywords "mortality", "fertility preservation", and "palliative care" have bursts till 2022, which represented the frontiers of this field. Conclusion: Our study provides an overall analysis of QoL or psychological impact on gynecological cancer patients, which can serve as a reference in future research.

Possible Mechanism of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants Seed Extract Suppresses the Migration and Invasion of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells SMMC-7721.

Mexican tea (Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants) is rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids and could be a potential medicinal herb that can be used for prevention of human hepatocellular carcinoma. The objective of this study was to elaborate the possible mechanism for the prevention or treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma using Mexican tea, and to provide new avenues for the utilization of the invasive plant. In this study, the D. ambrosioides seed extracts (CSE) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the effects of CSE on proliferation, migration, invasion, and gene expression of SMMC-7721 cells were investigated. Eight compounds were identified in CSE, and the compound with the highest content was ascaridole (25.82 %). The proliferation was significantly inhibited by CSE (p<0.05), and IC50 values were 0.587 g/L, 0.360 g/L, and 0.361 g/L at 24 h, 36 h, and 48 h, respectively. Migration and invasion were significantly inhibited (p<0.05). The network pharmacology and transcriptome analysis indicated that 2-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-one, cis-11-eicosenoic acid and 2-ethylcyclohexanone might be the active compounds. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the Wnt signaling pathway, which is related to migration and invasion, was significantly altered; this was verified by western blot assay. The expression of wnt11, lef1 and mmp7 genes in SMMC-7721 cells was significantly down-regulated (p<0.05), while gsk-3ß was significantly up-regulated (p<0.05). These results indicate that CSE inhibits the invasion and migration of SMMC-7721 cells in hepatocellular carcinoma through the Wnt signaling pathway.

Oral administration of Bacillus cereus GW-01 alleviates the accumulation and detrimental effects of ß-cypermethrin in mice.

Pyrethroid insecticides negatively affect feed conversion, reproductive fitness, and food safety in exposed animals. Although probiotics have previously been widely studied for their effect on gut health, comparatively little is known regarding the efficacy of probiotic administration in specifically reducing pesticide toxicity in mice. We demonstrated that oral administration of a ß-cypermethrin (ß-CY)-degrading bacterial strain (Bacillus cereus GW-01) to ß-CY-exposed mice reduced ß-CY levels in the liver, kidney, brain, blood, lipid, and feces (18%-53%). Additionally, co-administration of strain GW-01 to ß-CY-exposed mice reduced weight loss (22%-31%) and improved liver function (15%-19%) in mice. Additionally, mice receiving GW-01 had near-control levels of numerous ß-CY-affected gut microbial taxa, including Muribaculaceae, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, Dubosiella, and Alistipes. The survival and ß-CY biosorption of GW-01 in simulated gastrointestinal fluid conditions were significantly higher than E. coli. These results suggested that GW-01 can reduce ß-CY accumulation and alleviate the damage in mice. This study is the first to demonstrate that a probiotic strain can reduce the toxicity of ß-CY in mice.

Cremastra appendiculata polysaccharides improve stress resistance and prolong the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via daf-16 in the insulin signaling pathway.

Cremastra appendiculata polysaccharide (CAP) exhibits potential anti-aging and stress resistance effects. In this study, we investigated the structure, antioxidant properties, and mechanism of action of CAP in Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that CAP primarily comprises mannose and glucose and exerts antioxidant activity in vitro. In vivo, CAP prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans in a concentration-dependent manner, with 2.0 mg/mL CAP prolonging the lifespan by 39.97 %. Compared with the control, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzymes increased by 46 % and 57 %, respectively. However, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents decreased by 38 % and 19.92 %, respectively, at the same CAP concentration, oxidative and heat stress resistance increased. The target genes of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway, daf-16, sod-3, ctl-1, and hsp-16.2, were activated by CAP; their mRNA expression levels were upregulated by 7.23 %, 69.78 %, 43.62 %, and 58.62 %, respectively. A transgenic worm assay indicated that CAP regulates the lifespan of C. elegans through daf-16. These results suggest that CAP improves stress resistance and prolongs the lifespan of C. elegans through daf-16 in the insulin/IGF signaling pathway.

The efficacy of cell-assisted versus conventional lipotransfer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autologous lipotransfer is an essential component of soft tissue reconstruction. However, it is not widely applied or accepted by surgeons due to its unstable survival rate and uncertain efficacy. The cell-assisted fat transfer (CAL) is a promising technique that increases the fat survival rate. However, it is controversial based on various clinical studies. Here, we assessed the fat survival and complication rates of CAL, compared to the conventional autologous lipotransfer. To conduct our research, two reviewers independently screened related articles published in Medicine (via PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The combined effect estimates for efficacy evaluation was performed by the Review Manager software (RevMan 5.4.1). In total, 14 articles were included in our analysis (n = 722). Based on our analysis, the survival rate of the fat graft in CAL was significantly higher than the conventional fat grafting group (non-CAL group) (SMD = 2.81, 95%CI [1.54, 4.08], P < 0.01). In the subgroup, the fat retention of CAL in the facial filling was higher than the conventional one (SMD = 3.01, 95%CI [1.68, 4.33], P < 0.01). After breast augmentation, however, the difference between the experimental and control group was not statistically significant (SMD = 1.80, 95%CI [-0.31, 3.91], P = 0.09). Moreover, the CAL group exhibited comparable complications as the non-CAL group. Based on our analysis, the CAL group was significantly better than the conventional lipotransfer in terms of fat survival, particularly, during facial filling. However, it failed to reduce the complication rate, compared to the non-CAL group.

3D Finite Element Study of the Physiological Anchorage Control Concept on Anchorage Molars in Lingual Orthodontics.

Objective: To study the effect of the physiological anchorage control concept on anchorage molars in lingual and labial orthodontic techniques. Methods: Three-dimensional finite element models, including the right maxillary first molar, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and buccal tube, were established. The models were divided into the McLaughlin-Bennett-Trevisi (MBT™) straight-wire model with 0-degree maxillary first molar axial inclination and the physiologic anchorage Speewire system (PASS) model with -7-degree maxillary first molar axial inclination. Simulated sliding retraction forces (1 N, 1.5 N, and 2 N) were loaded on the buccal side and lingual side, and retraction forces (0.5 N, 0.75 N, and 1 N) were loaded on the buccal and lingual sides simultaneously. The displacements, principal stresses, and von Mises stresses of the periodontal ligament under different conditions were derived. Results: The anchorage molars showed different degrees of rotation, tipping, intrusion, and extrusion. As the force increased, these displacement trends also increased. The mesial displacement of the buccal + lingual force loading was less than that of the other two groups. Under the same force load method, the mesial displacement of the PASS group was less than that of the MBT group. Tilt movement increases the tensile stress of the distal cervical margin and root mesial apical third and the compressive stress of the mesial cervical margin and root distal apical third. The maximum stress of the periodontal ligament was less than that of the other two groups when the lingual force was loaded. Conclusion: The physiological anchorage control concept in lingual orthodontics provides better sagittal anchorage control than in labial orthodontics, but there is no significant difference numerically. Attention should be given to the control of torsion, torque, and arch width. Tilt movement increases the PDL stress of the cervical margin and root apical third. The sliding retraction force should be loaded lingually to maintain the force value of 1∼1.5 N.

Is negative e-WOM more powerful? Multimodal data analysis on air passengers' perception of COVID-19 safety measures.

During the normalization stage of the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, the safety threats caused by improper epidemic prevention measures of airlines have become the primary concern for air passengers. Negative e-WOM related to safety perception obtained based on online multimodal reviews of travel websites has become an important decision-making basis for potential air passengers when making airline choices. This study aims to examine the relationship between potential air passengers' negative safety perception and the usefulness of online reviews, as well as to test the moderating effect of review modality and airline type. It also further explores the effectiveness and feasibility of applying big data sentiment analysis to e-WOM management. To this end, the theoretical model of negative safety perception, review modality, and airline type affecting review usefulness was constructed. Then we select 10 low-cost airlines and 10 full-service airlines, respectively, according to the number of reviews sorted by the TripAdvisor website, and use crawling techniques to obtain 10,485 reviews related to COVID-19 safety of the above companies from December 2019 to date, and conduct safety perception sentiment analysis based on Python's Textblob library. Finally, to avoid data overdispersion, the model is empirically analyzed by negative binomial regression using R software. The results indicate that (1) Negative safety perception significantly and negatively affects review usefulness, that is, extreme negative safety perception can provide higher review usefulness for potential air passengers. (2) Review modality and airline type have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between negative safety perception and review usefulness, in which multimodal reviews and full-service airlines both weakened the negative impact of negative safety perception on review usefulness. The theoretical model in this paper is both an extension of the application of big data sentiment analysis techniques and a beneficial supplement to current research findings of e-WOM, providing an important reference for potential air passengers to identify useful reviews accurately and thus reduce safety risks in online decision-making.

The preparation of lactoferrin/magnesium silicate lithium injectable hydrogel and application in promoting wound healing.

The development of novel wound dressings with highly effective antibacterial and accelerating wound healing properties has become the focus of current research. In this study, a novel and injectable lactoferrin (LF)/lithium magnesium silicate hydrogel (LMSH) was first synthesized through a simple electrostatic interaction method. The physical and biological properties are systematically characterized. The results show that the synthesized LF/LMSH has good antibacterial properties and biocompatibility. More importantly, it can effectively promote wound healing in the rat full-thickness skin wound model after 14 days post-operation, and the healing rate can reach 99.1 %, which is much higher than that of other groups. Meanwhile, histochemical and immunofluorescent staining confirm that the prepared injectable LF/LMSH has good pro-collagen deposition, pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. The healed wounds present a consistently thickened epidermis with more follicular and glandular structures, indicating the great potential of the prepared material for wound management.

Cytotoxic Effect of the Essential oils from Erigeron Canadensis L. on Human Cervical Cancer HeLa Cells in Vitro.

Erigeron Canadensis L. (E. canadensis) is a widely distributed invasive weed species in China. Potentially anti-cancer qualities may exist in its essential oils (EOs). The purpose of this study was to analyze the components of the EOs of E. canadensis and their effects on the normal liver cell lines L02 and the human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa. The EOs from the upper region of E. canadensis were prepared, its components were identified by GC/MS. Cell viability, cell morphology observation, AO/EB dual fluorescence staining assay, flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential, western blot, caspase inhibitor test, and oxidative stress tests were used to investigate the impact of the EOs on HeLa cells. Network pharmacological analysis was employed to study the potential mechanism of the EOs in the treatment of cervical cancer. According to the findings, the EOs had 21 chemical components, of which limonene made up 65.68 %. After being exposed to the EOs, the cell viability of HeLa and L02 dramatically declined. The inhibition of EOs was more effective than that of limonene when used in an amount equivalent to that in the EOs. L02 cells were less susceptible to the cytotoxicity of EOs than HeLa cells were. Furthermore, EOs altered the cell cycle in HeLa cells and caused oxidative stress and apoptosis. Compared with the control group, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased in HeLa cells at first and then decreased, total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in HeLa cells significantly decreased. G1 phase cells decreased whereas G2/M phase cells increased. The rate of apoptosis rose. Reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and Caspase-3, -9, and -12 protein expression were both observed. Nerolidol, dextroparaffinone, and α-pinene were shown to be the primary components for the suppression of HeLa cells, according to the results of the prediction of pharmacologic targets. In conclusion, findings of this study indicated the EOs may have the potential to curb the growth of cervical cancer cells. Further research is needed to explore the in vivo effect of EOs.

[Meta-analysis and GRADE evaluation of Shuxuetong Injection in treatment of stroke in progressive].

This study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shuxuetong Injection in the treatment of stroke in progressive. Randomized controlled trials of Shuxuetong Injection in the treatment of stroke in progressive were searched from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CMB, PubMed and EMbase. After strict literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation, a total of 22 articles were included for analysis by RevMan 5.3. The Meta-analysis showed that Shuxuetong Injection combined with conventional treatment was superior to the conventional treatment alone in the major outcome indicators including effective rate(RR=1.27, 95%CI[1.20, 1.33], Z=9.18, P<0.000 01), deterioration rate(RR=0.38, 95%CI[0.22, 0.68], Z=3.31, P=0.000 9), NIHSS scores(MD=-3.89, 95%CI[-4.34,-3.43], Z=16.83, P<0.000 01), CSS scores(MD=-5.59, 95%CI[-6.42,-4.76], Z=13.20, P<0.000 01) and activity of daily living scores(MD=12.02, 95%CI[10.31, 13.72], Z=13.83, P<0.000 01), mortality during treatment was not increased(RR=0.40, 95%CI[0.13, 1.26], Z=1.56, P=0.12). Moreover, Shuxuetong Injection combined with conventional treatment further reduced the secondary outcome indicators including fibrinogen(MD=-0.35, 95%CI[-0.58,-0.13], Z=3.09, P=0.002), triglyceride(MD=-0.38, 95%CI[-0.67,-0.10], Z=2.65, P=0.008), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(MD=-0.72, 95%CI[-0.83,-0.61], Z=12.64, P<0.000 01), serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein(MD=-4.41, 95%CI[-6.96,-1.86], Z=3.38, P=0.000 7), and interleukin-6(MD=-5.43, 95%CI[-6.91,-3.96], Z=7.22, P<0.000 01). GRADE evaluation results showed that the major outcome indicators had low quality of evidence. Shuxuetong Injection in the treatment of stroke in progressive can improve the clinical effective rate, reduce the deterioration rate, improve the neurological function and activity of daily living, down-regulate the levels of fibrinogen, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and alleviate the inflammatory response. Although most studies have reported no adverse reactions, there are selective reports. The safety of Shuxuetong Injection needs to be further verified by more high-quality randomized controlled trial.

A Potential Synbiotic Strategy for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: Lactobacillus paracasei JY062 and Exopolysaccharide Isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum JY039.

The disturbance of intestinal microorganisms and the exacerbation of type 2 diabetes (T2D) are mutually influenced. In this study, the effect of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Lactobacillus plantarum JY039 on the adhesion of Lactobacillus paracasei JY062 was investigated, as well as their preventive efficacy against T2D. The results showed that the EPS isolated from L. plantarum JY039 effectively improved the adhesion rate of L. paracasei JY062 to Caco-2 cells (1.8 times) and promoted the proliferation of L. paracasei JY062. In the mice experiment, EPS, L. paracasei JY062 and their complex altered the structure of the intestinal microbiota, which elevated the proportion of Bifidobacterium, Faecalibaculum, while inversely decreasing the proportion of Firmicutes, Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae and other bacteria involved in energy metabolism (p < 0.01; p < 0.05); enhanced the intestinal barrier function; promoted secretion of the gut hormone peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1); and reduced inflammation by balancing pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 (p < 0.01; p < 0.05). These results illustrate that EPS and L. paracasei JY062 have the synbiotic potential to prevent and alleviate T2D.

[Efficiency of clear aligners in extrusion of posterior teeth evaluated by 3-dimensional model superimposition].

PURPOSE: To explore the efficiency of posterior teeth extrusion with clear aligners by 3-dimensional model superimposition, which provides a reference for the design of clinical programs. METHODS: We selected 24 patients with clear aligners whose posterior teeth were designed to extend more than 0.5 mm, and a total of 126 teeth were included. Digital models were obtained before and after treatment by intraoral scanning with iTero, named as "actual initial" and "achieved" digital models. Initial and final models from the ClinCheck, labeled as "virtual initial" and "predicted" models respectively. Initial, predicted, and achieved digital dental models were exported as stereolithography files and subsequently imported into Geomagic Studio. Extrusive measurements were made from the superimposition of the initial and predicted models (predicted movement) and from the superimposed initial and achieved models (achieved movement). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 23.0 and GraphPad Prism 5.0 software package. The extrusion efficiency of the posterior teeth was calculated, at the meanwhile the influencing factors were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean extrusion efficiency of posterior teeth during clear aligners treatment was 30.2%. The actual extrusion was linearly related to the expected(P<0.05), and the linear regression equation was y=0.305x-0.010. The difference between the actual and the predicted extrusion was positively correlated with the number of appliances(P<0.05), and also positively correlated with the predicted extrusion value(P<0.001). This difference was larger in low-angle patients than in patients with average angle (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The extrusion rate of posterior teeth is relatively low during clear aligners treatment, and the average efficiency is 30.2%. Vertical growth pattern affects the extrusion efficiency. So more overcorrections can be designed for average angle patients.

Five Dinuclear Lanthanide Complexes Based on 2,4-dimethylbenzoic Acid and 5,5'-dimethy-2,2'-bipyridine: Crystal Structures, Thermal Behaviour and Luminescent Property.

A series of new complexes, [Ln (2,4-DMBA)3(5,5'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2 (Ln = Sm(1), Eu (2)), [Pr (2,4-DMBA)3 (5,5'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·0.5(C2H5OH) (3), [Ln (2,4-DMBA)3 (5,5'-DM-2,2'-bipy)]2·0.5(2,4-DMBAH)·0.25(5,5'-DM-2,2'-bipy) (Ln = Tb (4), Dy (5)) (2,4-DMBA = 2,4-dimethylbenzoate, 5,5'-DM-2,2'-bipy = 5,5'-dimethy-2,2'-bipyridine) were synthesized via hydrothermal reaction conditions. The complexes were characterized through elemental analysis, Infrared spectra (IR), Raman (R) spectra, UV-Vis spectra, single X-ray diffraction. Single crystal data show that complexes 1-5 are binuclear complexes, but they can be divided into three different crystal structures. The thermal decomposition mechanism of complexes 1-5 were investigated by the technology of simultaneous TG/DSC-FTIR. What's more, the luminescent properties of complexes 1-2 and 4 were discussed, and the luminescence lifetime (τ) of complexes 2 and 4 were calculated.

Bottom-Up Synthesized All-Thermal-Catalyst Aerogels for Heat-Regenerative Air Filtration.

Airborne particular matter (PM) pollution is an increasing global issue and alternative sources of filter fibers are now an area of significant focus. Compared with relatively mature hazardous gas treatments, state of the art high-efficiency PM filters still lack thermal decomposition ability for organic PM pollutants, such as soot from coal-fired power plants and waste-combustion incinerators, resulting in frequent replacement, high cost, and second-hand pollution. In this manuscript, we propose a bottom-up synthesis method to make the first all-thermal-catalyst air filter (ATCAF). Self-assembled from ∼50 nm diameter TiO2 fibers, ATCAF could not only capture the combustion-generated PM pollutants with >99.999% efficiency but also catalyze the complete decomposition of the as-captured hydrocarbon pollutants at high temperature. It has the potential of in situ eliminating the PM pollutants from burning of hydrocarbon materials leveraging the burning heat.