Adhesion-regulating molecule 1 (ADRM1) can be a potential biomarker and target for bladder cancer.

Adhesion-regulating molecule 1 (ADRM1) has been implicated in tumor development, yet its specific role in bladder cancer (BC) remains undefined. This study aimed to elucidate the function of ADRM1 in BC through a combination of bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical analysis (IHC). Utilizing R version 3.6.3 and relevant packages, we analyzed online database data. Validation was conducted through IHC data, approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (Approval No. K20220830). In both paired and unpaired comparisons, ADRM1 expression was significantly elevated in BC tissues compared to adjacent tissues, as evidenced by the results of TCGA dataset and IHC data. Patients with high ADRM1 expression had statistically worse overall survival than those with low ADRM1 expression in TCGA dataset, GSE32548 dataset, GSE32894 dataset, and IHC data. Functional analysis unveiled enrichment in immune-related pathways, and a robust positive correlation emerged between ADRM1 expression and pivotal immune checkpoints, including CD274, PDCD1, and PDCD1LG2. In tumor microenvironment, samples with the high ADRM1 expression contained statistical higher proportion of CD8 + T cells and Macrophage infiltration. Meanwhile, these high ADRM1-expressing samples displayed elevated tumor mutation burden scores and stemness indices, implying potential benefits from immunotherapy. Patients with low ADRM1 expression were sensitive to cisplatin, docetaxel, vinblastine, mitomycin C, and methotrexate. According to the findings from bioinformatics and IHC analyses, ADRM1 demonstrates prognostic significance for BC patients and holds predictive potential for both immunotherapy and chemotherapy responses. This underscores its role as a biomarker and therapeutic target in BC.

A novel endothelial-related prognostic index by integrating single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data for patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment play an important role in the development of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). We wanted to further identify the function of endothelial cells in KIRC patients by integrating single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data. Methods: Online databases provide the original data of this study. An endothelial-related prognostic index (ERPI) was constructed and validated by R version 3.6.3 and relative packages. Results: The ERPI consisted of three genes (CCND1, MALL, and VWF). Patients with high ERPI scores were significantly correlated with worse prognosis than those with low ERPI scores in the TCGA training group, TCGA test group, and GSE29609 group. A positive correlation was identified between the ERPI score and poor clinical features. The results of functional analysis indicated that ERPI was significantly associated with immune-related activities. We suggested that patients with high ERPI scores were more likely to benefit from immunotherapy based on the results of immune checkpoints, tumor microenvironment, stemness index, and TCIA, while patients with low ERPI scores were sensitive to gemcitabine, docetaxel, paclitaxel, axitinib, pazopanib, sorafenib, and temsirolimus according to the results of the "pRRophetic" algorithm. Therefore, this ERPI may help doctors choose the optimal treatment for patients with KIRC. Conclusion: By integrating single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data from KIRC patients, we successfully identified the key genes from the perspective of endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment and constructed ERPIs that had positive implications in precision medicine.

Development of a novel nomogram for predicting clinically significant prostate cancer with the prostate health index and multiparametric MRI.

Introduction: On prostate biopsy, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and the Prostate Health Index (PHI) have allowed prediction of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Methods: To predict the likelihood of csPCa, we created a nomogram based on a multivariate model that included PHI and mpMRI. We assessed 315 males who were scheduled for prostate biopsies. Results: We used the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADS V2) to assess mpMRI and optimize PHI testing prior to biopsy. Univariate analysis showed that csPCa may be identified by PHI with a cut-off value of 77.77, PHID with 2.36, and PI-RADS with 3 as the best threshold. Multivariable logistic models for predicting csPCa were developed using PI-RADS, free PSA (fPSA), PHI, and prostate volume. A multivariate model that included PI-RADS, fPSA, PHI, and prostate volume had the best accuracy (AUC: 0.882). Decision curve analysis (DCA), which was carried out to verify the nomogram's clinical applicability, showed an ideal advantage (13.35% higher than the model that include PI-RADS only). Discussion: In conclusion, the nomogram based on PHI and mpMRI is a valuable tool for predicting csPCa while avoiding unnecessary biopsy as much as possible.

Clinical outcomes of endoscopic versus laparoscopic resection for senile patients with gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumours (2 to 4 cm) originating from the muscularis propria layer.

Introduction: Currently, there still are no selection criteria for endoscopic resection (ER) versus laparoscopic resection (LR) of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) (2 to 4 cm) originating from the muscularis propria layer (MP-GISTs). Aim: To investigate and compare the long-term prognosis of ER and LR for resecting gastric MP-GISTs, with at least 5 years of follow-up. Material and methods: Between January 2010 and December 2015, 134 patients with gastric MP-GISTs were consecutively enrolled in this study. The main comparison measurements included the short-term and long-term outcomes between the ER group (n = 89) and the LR group (n = 45). Results: In this study, there were no significant differences in the rates of complete resection (p = 0.220) and short-term complications (p = 0.663) between the ER group and the LR group. The ER group had a shorter operation time (50.1 ±18.2 min vs. 120.6 ±32.5 min, p < 0.001), shorter hospital stays (5.1 ±1.9 days vs. 6.4 ±3.7 days, p = 0.026), and lower hospitalization costs (16639.5 ±5091.3 CNY vs. 24030.4 ±6803.1 CNY, p < 0.001) than the LR group. The ER group had a lower rate of long-term complications than the LR group (p = 0.001) during the follow-up period (84.2 ±17.9 months vs. 89.0 ±16.8 months, p = 0.207). Conclusions: Our results showed that ER was a more feasible treatment approach than LR when the gastric MP-GIST was located in or near the cardia/pylorus. ER also had several other advantages over LR, such as a shorter procedure time, shorter hospital stay, and lower hospitalization costs.

Esophageal Mucosal Autograft for Preventing Stricture After Widespread Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Superficial Esophageal Lesions.

BACKGROUND: Although esophageal mucosal autograft prevents esophageal stricture after widespread endoscopic submucosal dissec- tion and has been reported as a new technique, it is relatively unproven in clinical practice. This prospective study was conducted to evaluate our experience using esophageal mucosal autograft to prevent strictures after widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with widespread superficial esophageal lesions. METHODS: Between October 2017 and June 2018, 15 patients with widespread superficial esophageal lesions were consecutively treated with widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection and then underwent esophageal mucosal autograft. The main outcomes measured included esophageal epithelialization and esophageal stricture. RESULTS: The median longitudinal diameter of the widespread superficial esophageal lesions was 5.2 cm. All 15 patients were success- fully treated with widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection and esophageal mucosal autograft, and the median procedural time was 182 minutes. During follow-up (median, 23 months), esophageal epithelialization was found in 13 patients (86.7%), and 7 patients experienced esophageal stricture (46.7%). In those 7 patients, the esophageal strictures were successfully relieved after endoscopic bal- loon dilation or endoscopic radial incision. No complications related to endoscopic balloon dilation/endoscopic radial incision occurred. Additionally, local recurrence was found in 1 patient with poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and further surgical resection was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Esophageal mucosal autograft appears to be an efficient approach to reconstructing local esophageal epithelium and might have a potential role in preventing esophageal stricture after widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, as a new technique, it needs more improvement to enhance its role in preventing esophageal stricture after widespread endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Pelvic lipomatosis with cystitis glandularis managed with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Pelvic lipomatosis (PL) is a rare benign condition with characteristic overgrowth of histologically benign fat and invasion and compression of pelvic organs, often leading to non-specific lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Approximately 40% of patients with PL have cystitis glandularis (CG). The cause of PL combined with CG is poorly understood, and there is currently no effective treatment. Refractory CG with upper urinary tract obstruction even requires partial or radical bladder resection. CASE SUMMARY: In this case, a patient suffering from PL with CG was treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TUR-BT) and oral administration of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. The LUTS were alleviated, and the cystoscopy results improved significantly. Immunohistochemistry showed up-regulated COX-2 expression in the epithelium of TUR-BT samples, suggesting that COX-2 may participate in the pathophysiological process of PL combined with CG. CONCLUSION: We report for the first time that celecoxib may be an effective treatment strategy for PL combined with refractory CG.