Hyperuricemia is Related to the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Ethnic Chinese Elderly Women.

Background: The association between hyperuricemia (HUA) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is not fully elucidated. Objective: To assess the relationship according to factors of sex and age in the Chinese ethnic groups. Methods: We performed a population-based cross-sectional study in a multi-ethnic population from southwestern China. HUA patients were identified by serum uric acid ≥7 mg/dL in men and 6 mg/dL in women. The outcome was composite prevalent CVDs, including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and arrhythmia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, estimating odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were applied to evaluate the HUA-CVDs relationship. Results: We included 16,618 people (37.48% Dong, 30.00% Miao, and 32.52% Bouyei) aged 30-79 years without a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. CVDs developed in 250 Dong, 196 Miao, and 205 Bouyei adults. Among women, HUA was positively associated with the risk of stroke in Dong ethnicity and CVDs in Bouyei ethnicity (ORs (95% CIs) 2.02 (1.07-3.81) and 1.66 (1.06-2.59)) compared with non-HUA. In the age-specific analysis, HUA was related to the risk of CVDs (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.00-5.38) and CHD (5.37, 1.61-17.89) among Miao people aged < median age, CVDs (1.52, 1.11-2.08) and stroke (1.67, 1.02-2.72) among Dong adults aged ≥ median age, and CVDs (1.67, 1.16-2.40) and CHD (1.77, 1.13-2.77) among Bouyei ethnicity aged ≥ median age. After stratification by sex and the median age, for women aged > 50 years, a 55% (1.55, 1.00-2.39) and 65% (1.65, 1.02-2.66) increased risk for CVDs was observed in Dong and Bouyei ethnicities. Conclusions: HUA may be related to an increased risk of CVDs among women in the Dong and Bouyei ethnic groups in China, especially women aged > 50 years.

Family History of Hypertension and Cobalt Exposure Synergistically Promote the Prevalence of Hypertension.

It has been previously reported that family history of hypertension (FHH) and exposure to metals are each independent risk factor for hypertension, but the interaction between the two in relation to hypertension risk has been poorly studied. The object of this study is Dong ethnic group in Guizhou, China. The impacts of exposure to metals and FHH on hypertension incidence were examined by using the restrictive cubic spline (RCS) model as well as the multivariate logistic regression model. As a result, FHH, together with cobalt and lead exposure, was identified to show independent significant correlation with hypertension incidence (P < 0.05). The risk of hypertension increased with the increase in lead and cobalt exposure quartiles. Typically, the RCS model revealed such dose-response relation. To further confirm the association of cobalt, lead, and FHH with the risk of hypertension, multiplication and addition models were used to analyze the influence of the interactions between these variables on the risk of hypertension. The results showed that there was a multiplying interaction between the influence of the FHH and cobalt on the risk of hypertension. As for the additive interaction between cobalt and FHH, the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was determined to be 0.596 (95% Cl: 0.001-1.191), the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) was calculated as 0.256 (95% Cl: 0.075-0.437), whereas the synergy index (S) was identified to be 1.814 (95% Cl: 1.080-3.047). Our study provides some limited evidence that a FHH and cobalt exposure synergistically promote the prevalence of hypertension.