Lightweight Vehicle Detection Based on Improved YOLOv5s.

A vehicle detection algorithm is an indispensable component of intelligent traffic management and control systems, influencing the efficiency and functionality of the system. In this paper, we propose a lightweight improvement method for the YOLOv5 algorithm based on integrated perceptual attention, with few parameters and high detection accuracy. First, we propose a lightweight module IPA with a Transformer encoder based on integrated perceptual attention, which leads to a reduction in the number of parameters while capturing global dependencies for richer contextual information. Second, we propose a lightweight and efficient multiscale spatial channel reconstruction (MSCCR) module that does not increase parameter and computational complexity and facilitates representative feature learning. Finally, we incorporate the IPA module and the MSCCR module into the YOLOv5s backbone network to reduce model parameters and improve accuracy. The test results show that, compared with the original model, the model parameters decrease by about 9%, the average accuracy (mAP@50) increases by 3.1%, and the FLOPS does not increase.

EFC-YOLO: An Efficient Surface-Defect-Detection Algorithm for Steel Strips.

The pursuit of higher recognition accuracy and speed with smaller model sizes has been a major research topic in the detection of surface defects in steel. In this paper, we propose an improved high-speed and high-precision Efficient Fusion Coordination network (EFC-YOLO) without increasing the model's size. Since modifications to enhance feature extraction in shallow networks tend to affect the speed of model inference, in order to simultaneously ensure the accuracy and speed of detection, we add the improved Fusion-Faster module to the backbone network of YOLOv7. Partial Convolution (PConv) serves as the basic operator of the module, which strengthens the feature-extraction ability of shallow networks while maintaining speed. Additionally, we incorporate the Shortcut Coordinate Attention (SCA) mechanism to better capture the location information dependency, considering both lightweight design and accuracy. The de-weighted Bi-directional Feature Pyramid Network (BiFPN) structure used in the neck part of the network improves the original Path Aggregation Network (PANet)-like structure by adding step branches and reducing computations, achieving better feature fusion. In the experiments conducted on the NEU-DET dataset, the final model achieved an 85.9% mAP and decreased the GFLOPs by 60%, effectively balancing the model's size with the accuracy and speed of detection.

KRP-DS: A Knowledge Graph-Based Dialogue System with Inference-Aided Prediction.

With the popularity of ChatGPT, there has been increasing attention towards dialogue systems. Researchers are dedicated to designing a knowledgeable model that can engage in conversations like humans. Traditional seq2seq dialogue models often suffer from limited performance and the issue of generating safe responses. In recent years, large-scale pretrained language models have demonstrated their powerful capabilities across various domains. Many studies have leveraged these pretrained models for dialogue tasks to address concerns such as safe response generation. Pretrained models can enhance responses by carrying certain knowledge information after being pre-trained on large-scale data. However, when specific knowledge is required in a particular domain, the model may still generate bland or inappropriate responses, and the interpretability of such models is poor. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the KRP-DS model. We design a knowledge module that incorporates a knowledge graph as external knowledge in the dialogue system. The module utilizes contextual information for path reasoning and guides knowledge prediction. Finally, the predicted knowledge is used to enhance response generation. Experimental results show that our proposed model can effectively improve the quality and diversity of responses while having better interpretability, and outperforms baseline models in both automatic and human evaluations.

The Chengjiang Biota inhabited a deltaic environment.

The Chengjiang Biota is the earliest Phanerozoic soft-bodied fossil assemblage offering the most complete snapshot of Earth's initial diversification, the Cambrian Explosion. Although palaeobiologic aspects of this biota are well understood, the precise sedimentary environment inhabited by this biota remains debated. Herein, we examine a non-weathered core from the Yu'anshan Formation including the interval preserving the Chengjiang Biota. Our data indicate that the succession was deposited as part of a delta influenced by storm floods (i.e., produced by upstream river floods resulting from ocean storms). Most Chengjiang animals lived in an oxygen and nutrient-rich delta front environment in which unstable salinity and high sedimentation rates were the main stressors. This unexpected finding allows for sophisticated ecological comparisons with other Burgess Shale-type deposits and emphasizes that the long-held view of Burgess Shale-type faunas as snapshots of stable distal shelf and slope communities needs to be revised based on recent sedimentologic advances.