Research on the integrity issues from clinical doctors to clinical researchers / 中国医学伦理学

Scientific research is an important part of hospital work,the driving force of hospital construction and development,and the key to the hospital's comprehensive competitiveness and future development potential.Scientific research misconduct,which seriously deviates from the recognized norms of the scientific community,and will cause great harm to groups,society,and the public.It may also lead to the spread of false knowledge,resulting in misconceptions among peers and causing losses.By analyzing the scientific research integrity relationship between clinical doctors and clinical researchers,as well as looking at integrity standards from multiple dimensions,this paper found out the similarities and differences in the extension of integrity between them.Exploring measures to further promote the construction of scientific integrity and ethics,especially increasing the supervisory role of discipline inspection and supervision,which is conducive to the promotion of scientific research in the medical field in China.

The role of phosphatidylcholine 34:1 in the occurrence, development and treatment of ulcerative colitis

Lipid homeostasis is considered to be related to intestinal metabolic balance, while its role in the pathogenesis and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) remains largely unexplored. The present study aimed to identify the target lipids related to the occurrence, development and treatment of UC by comparing the lipidomics of UC patients, mice and colonic organoids with the corresponding healthy controls. Here, multi-dimensional lipidomics based on LC-QTOF/MS, LC-MS/MS and iMScope systems were constructed and used to decipher the alteration of lipidomic profiles. The results indicated that UC patients and mice were often accompanied by dysregulation of lipid homeostasis, in which triglycerides and phosphatidylcholines were significantly reduced. Notably, phosphatidylcholine 34:1 (PC34:1) was characterized by high abundance and closely correlation with UC disease. Our results also revealed that down-regulation of PC synthase PCYT1α and Pemt caused by UC modeling was the main factor leading to the reduction of PC34:1, and exogenous PC34:1 could greatly enhance the fumarate level via inhibiting the transformation of glutamate to N-acetylglutamate, thus exerting an anti-UC effect. Collectively, our study not only supplies common technologies and strategies for exploring lipid metabolism in mammals, but also provides opportunities for the discovery of therapeutic agents and biomarkers of UC.

Oral lienal peptides improve ammonia-induced coughing and inflammation in mice / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

To study the effect of oral lienal polypeptide on cough and inflammation in mice, in order to expand the clinical application of immune modulator lienal polypeptide and provide a new strategy for relieving cough and inflammation. METHODS: The cough model of mice was induced by concentrated ammonia. The cough frequency and tolerance latency of mice within 6 minutes were recorded every day. The histopathological changes of spleen and lung were evaluated by HE staining and spleen index. TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in spleen and lung of mice was detected by ELISA. RESULTS: Oral administration of spleen polypeptide could prolong the tolerance latency of mice to concentrated ammonia to a certain extent and significantly reduce the cough frequency of mice. HE staining showed that oral spleen polypeptide could significantly reduce the alveolar surface area and improve lung expansion in mice. The results of ELISA showed that oral spleen polypeptide decreased the levels of some proinflammatory factors in spleen and lung. CONCLUSION: Lienal polypeptide can alleviate cough and emphysema like symptoms induced by ammonia, improve immune ability and inflammation in mice.

The risk of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer conforming to indications of endoscopic resection and pylorus-preserving gastrectomy: a single-center retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) status is an important prognostic factor that strongly influences the treatment decision of early gastric cancer (EGC). This study aimed to evaluate the pattern and clinical significance of LNM in EGC. METHODS: A total of 354 patients with carcinoma in situ (n = 42), EGC (n = 312) who underwent radical gastrectomy were enrolled. Their clinicopathological features, pathological reports, and prognostic data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of LNM in all patients was 18.36% (65/354). The rates of D1 and D2 station metastases were 12.10% (43/354) and 6.21% (22/354), respectively. The rates of LNM in absolute indication of endoscopic resection and expanded indication were 3.27% (2/61) and 28.55% (4/14), respectively. Skip LNM was observed in 3.67% (13/354) of patients. For those with middle-third tumor, the metastasis rate of the No. 5 lymph node was 3.05% (5/164). The independent risk factors for LNM were tumors measuring > 30 mm, poorly differentiated tumors, and lymphovascular invasion (all P < 0.05; area under the curve, 0.783). The 5-year disease-free survival rates of patients with and without LNM were 96.26 and 79.17%, respectively (P = 0.011). Tumors measuring > 20 mm and LNM were independent predictive factors for poor survival outcome in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with EGC conforming to expanded indications have a relatively high risk of LNM and may not be suitable for endoscopic submucosal dissection. Pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for patients with middle-third EGC remains controversial due to the high metastasis rate of the No. 5 lymph node.

The Changes in the Whole Blood Zinc Concentration in Patients with Prostate Carcinoma and the Corresponding Diagnostic Value / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective: To study the relationship between the whole blood zinc concentration and prostate carcinoma and to explore the diagnostic value of the whole blood zinc concentration combined with blood serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer. Methods: A total of 95 patients with prostate carcinoma and 91 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia were selected between July 2005 and October 2008 in Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University and The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School. The whole blood zinc concentration was analyzed by atomic absorption spectometry. The serum PSA was analyzed by radioimmunoassay. Results: The volumes of the whole blood zinc concentration were 4.73±1.51 μg/mL in the prostate carcinoma group and 6.82±1.63 μg/mL in the benign prostate hyperplasia group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.001). The serum PSA general distribution was significantly different between the two groups (P＜0.01). There was no significant difference in the serum PSA of 4.0 to 10.0 ng/mL between the two groups (P=0.14). Compared with that in the benign prostate hyperplasia group, the area under ROC curve for the whole blood zinc concentration in the prostate carcinoma group was 0.82. The diagnostic accuracy was optimal with 5.24μg/mL set as the cut-off value of the whole blood zinc concentration and the Youden's index was 0.46 when it was combined with serum PSA 4.0 ng/mL (connection in series). The specificity was 75%, up to 2.34 times of serum PSA applied alone. Meanwhile, the Youden's index was 0.51, achieving 2.22 times. It was not helpful for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma that the two diagnostic tools were in parallel by which the Youden's index was only 0.14. Conclusion: Detection of the whole blood zinc concentration is beneficial for differentiation of prostate carcinoma from benign prostate hyperplasia. Combined with serum PSA (connection in series), it can significantly impove diagnostic efficiency when PSA was 4.0～10.0ng/mL. Detection of the whole blood zinc concentration can provide valuable information for the diagnosis of prostate cancer and worths clincal application.