Continuous Fatty Acid Decarboxylation using an Immobilized Photodecarboxylase in a Membrane Reactor.

The realm of photobiocatalytic alkane biofuel synthesis has burgeoned recently; however, the current dearth of well-established and scalable production methodologies in this domain remains conspicuous. In this investigation, we engineered a modified form of membrane-associated fatty acid photodecarboxylase sourced from Micractinium conductrix (McFAP). This endeavour resulted in creating an innovative assembled photoenzyme-membrane (protein load 5 mg cm-2 ), subsequently integrated into an illuminated flow apparatus to achieve uninterrupted generation of alkane biofuels. Through batch experiments, the photoenzyme-membrane exhibited its prowess in converting fatty acids spanning varying chain lengths (C6-C18). Following this, the membrane-flow mesoscale reactor attained a maximum space-time yield of 1.2 mmol L-1 h-1 (C8) and demonstrated commendable catalytic proficiency across eight consecutive cycles, culminating in a cumulative runtime of eight hours. These findings collectively underscored the photoenzyme-membrane's capability to facilitate the biotransformation of diverse fatty acids, furnishing valuable benchmarks for the conversion of biomass via photobiocatalysis.

Crystal structures, dissolution and pharmacokinetic study on a novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor chlorbipram cocrystals.

Cocrystallization of chlorbipram (ChBP), a novel phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE) inhibitor with water insoluble property developed in our lab, was performed to improve the physicochemical properties and bioavailability in the present study. Three new cocrystals with fumaric aicd (FA), gentisic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) as coformers were synthesized and fully characterized by using the combination of multi-techniques. The cocrystals are phase stable even under high humidity conditions. In vitro study indicates that the solubility of ChBP-GA and ChBP-SA cocrystals increase to 3724.4 ±â€¯58.7, 2897.4 ±â€¯81.9 µg/mL in comparison with ChBP (2561.3 ±â€¯150.4 µg/mL), the intrinsic dissolution rates (IDRs) of ChBP-GA and ChBP-SA cocrystals (721.3 ±â€¯8.0, 614.4 ±â€¯13.2 µg/min/cm2) are both higher than ChBP (537.9 ±â€¯12.0 µg/min/cm2). The blood concentration peak values of ChBP-GA and ChBP-SA cocrystals (165.8 ±â€¯50.9, 105.3 ±â€¯35.6 ng/mL) are both higher than ChBP (51.3 ±â€¯15.1 ng/mL) in in vivo evaluation. It presents the same order in in vitro/vivo study: ChBP-GA > ChBP-SA > ChBP > ChBP-FA. ChBP-FA cocrystal presents a longer elimination half life (t1/2 = 10.0 ±â€¯2.6 h), which makes it a potential candidate for prolonged controlled release formulation. ChBP-GA and ChBP-SA cocrystals both present enhanced solubility and bioavailability in comparison with ChBP, making them a better candidate for the solid dosage formulation development.