Radially Pedicled In-Situ Split-Thickness Skin Grafts, an Alternative to Distal Split-Thickness Skin Grafts.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to introduce a novel radially pedicled in-situ split-thickness skin graft (STSG). The morbidity, esthetic, and functional outcomes of the radially pedicled in-situ STSG were in comparison with those of the distal STSG. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: A single-institution review. METHODS: Seventy patients with oral cancer who underwent radical surgical resection and simultaneous radial forearm free flap (RFFF) reconstruction from July 2021 to March 2022 were included. De-epithelialized RFFFs and traditional RFFFs were used to repair oral defects of 35 patients in Group A and Group B, respectively, while radially pedicled in-situ STSGs and distal STSGs taken from abdomens were used to repair donor site defects in the above groups, respectively. Patient demographics, wound healing complications, and esthetic and functional outcomes of the forearms were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: No significant difference between Group A and Group B was observed in terms of donor site and recipient site complications. The esthetic outcome was superior in Group A compared to Group B (P = .011). The extension range, sensation, and pinch strength of operated forearms were significantly reduced in both groups after surgery (P < .05), however, intergroup differences were not observed. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results suggest that radially pedicled in-situ STSG is an applicable technique for direct closure and better esthetic outcomes in the forearm donor site.

Modulating the Electronic Metal-Support Interactions to Anti-Leaching Pt Single Atoms for Efficient Hydrosilylation.

Modulating the electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) of the single-atomic sites against leaching via microenvironment regulation is critical to achieving high activity and stability but remains challenging. Herein, this work selectively confines Pt single atoms on CoFe layered double hydroxide (LDH) by three oxygen atoms around cation vacancy (Pt1 /LDHV ) or one oxygen atom at the regular surface (Pt1 /LDH) via cation vacancy engineering. By characterizing the structural evolution of the obtained catalysts before and after vacancy construction and single-atom anchoring, this work demonstrates how the microenvironments modulate the EMSI and the catalytic performance. Theoretical simulations further reveal a significantly enhanced EMSI effect by the three-coordinated Pt1 atoms on cation vacancies in Pt1 /LDHV , which endows a more prominent anti-leaching feature than the one-coordinated ones on the regular surface. As a result, the Pt1 /LDHV catalyst shows exceptional performance in anti-Markovnikov alkene hydrosilylation, with a turnover frequency of 1.3 × 105 h-1 . More importantly, the enhanced EMSI of Pt1 /LDHV effectively prevented the leaching of Pt atom from the catalyst surface and can be recycled at least ten times with only a 3.4% loss of catalytic efficiency with minimal Pt leaching, and reach a high turnover number of 1.0 × 106 .

Pancreatic Cancer Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Lymphangiogenesis by Downregulating ABHD11-AS1 Expression.

Research on pancreatic cancer microbiomes has attracted attention in recent years. The current view is that enriched microbial communities in pancreatic cancer tissues may affect pancreatic cancer metastasis, including lymph node (LN) metastasis. Similar to carriers of genetic information between cells, such as DNA, mRNA, protein, and non-coding RNA, exosomes are of great importance in early LN metastasis in tumors, including pancreatic cancer. Our previous study showed that the long non-coding RNA ABHD11-AS1 was highly expressed in tissues of patients with pancreatic cancer, and was correlated with patient survival time. However, the role of ABHD11-AS1 in pancreatic cancer LN metastasis has rarely been studied. Hence, in this paper we confirmed that exosomes derived from pancreatic cancer cells could promote lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, and that the mechanism was related to the downregulation of ABHD11-AS1 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells, and to the enhancement of their ability to proliferate, migrate, and form tubes. These findings preliminarily show a new mechanism by which pancreatic cancer cells regulate peripheral lymphangiogenesis, providing a new therapeutic strategy for inhibiting LN metastasis in pancreatic cancer.

Ten new species of genus Tachycines (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae, Aemodogryllinae) from karst caves in Guizhou, China.

Ten new karst cave-dwelling rhaphidophorids species of the subgenus Gymnaeta of the genus Tachycines are described from Guizhou Province, southern China; i.e., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) zhongisp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) jinniuisp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) shibenzhangisp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) lahaidensissp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) pinglangussp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) shanduensissp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) buyiisp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) portaesp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) ziyunensissp.nov., and Tachycines (Gymnaeta) jialiangensissp. nov. All specimens were collected from Guizhou Plateau.

A new species of Tachycines Adelung, 1902 (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae, Aemodogryllinae, Aemodogryllini) from karst caves in Guizhou, China.

Tachycines (Gymnaeta) trapezialissp. nov. () is described with specimens collected from Diaosiyan and Sanjiaoshan caves in Ziyun County, Guizhou, China. The unique trapezoidal shape of the epiphallus in males and the subgenital plate in females, which separate the new taxon from its congeners, are illustrated.

Deformation-Induced Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene Sheets Containing a ß-Nucleating Agent under Solid-State Stretching.

The deformation-induced crystallization of an isotactic polypropylene (iPP) sheet containing a ß-nucleating agent was evaluated. The phase transformation of the ß-modifications was investigated and the crystal morphology was observed at room temperature after stretching at different temperatures. The results showed that the crystallinity increased after solid-state stretching. When the stretching temperature was below the initial crystallization temperature, stretching deformation promoted the orientation of amorphous molecular chains. When the deformation temperature exceeded the crystallization temperature, part of the ß-modifications underwent a phase transformation process and was stretched into a shish-kebab structure. However, once the stretching temperature was close to the melting point, the ß-modifications melted and recrystallized, and the shish-kebab structure underwent stress relaxation due to poor thermal stability, transforming into α-modifications. It was revealed that the crystal phase transformation mechanism of the ß-modifications was based on the orientation of the molecular chains between the adjacent lamellae. In addition, the shish-kebab cylindrite structure played an important role in modifying the tensile and impact properties of the iPP sheet. The tensile and impact strengths increased by as much as 34% and 126%, respectively.

Effects of Solid-State Stretching on Microstructure Evolution and Physical Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene Sheets.

The microstructure evolution of an isotactic polypropylene (iPP) sheet during solid-state stretching was studied. The transition of the spherulites-cylindrites was evaluated using in-situ two-dimensional wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scattering methods. The crystallinity of stretched iPP sheets was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. The crystal morphology was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the differences of crystal microstructure of the iPP sheet depended on the stretching strain, which promoted the orientation of molecular chains. Amorphous molecular chains in the spherulites oriented and formed into a mesophase near the yield point, and the partially ordered mesophase was further stretched to form an oriented cylindrite structure after the yield point. The highest relative content of cylindrites appeared at 15% strain. Notably, as the amorphous phase embedded into the lamellae layer, the crystal size decreased with the increase of strain, which indicated that the crystallinity of the stretched iPP sheet was much higher than that of unstretched iPP sheet. The induced cylindrites structure played a more important role in improving the mechanical properties and heat resistance of iPP sheets. Compared with the unstretched iPP sheets, the tensile strength increased by 28%, the notch impact toughness significantly increased by 78%, and the vicat softening point increased from 104 to 112 °C.