New Regional Dynamic Cancer Model across the European Union.

BACKGROUND: Can increasing levels of economic wealth significantly influence changes in cancer incidence and mortality rates? METHODS: We investigated this issue by means of regression analyses based on the study of incidence and mortality indicators for lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal; colon; pancreatic; lung; leukaemia; brain and central nervous system cancers in correlation with the levels of economic welfare and financial allocations to health at the level of the European Union member states, with the exception of Luxembourg and Cyprus for which there are no official statistical data reported. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that there were significant disparities both regionally and by gender, requiring corrective public policy measures that were formulated in this study. CONCLUSIONS: The conclusions highlight the main findings of the study in terms of the evolution of the disease, present the significant aspects that characterise the evolution of each type of cancer during the period analysed (1993-2021), and highlight the novelty and limitations of the study and future directions of research. As a result, increasing economic welfare is a potential factor in halting the effects of cancer incidence and mortality at the population level, while the financial allocations to health of EU member countries' budgets are a drawback due to large regional disparities.

Regional Regression Correlation Model of Microplastic Water Pollution Control Using Circular Economy Tools.

Water pollution caused by microplastics represents an important challenge for the environment and people's health. The weak international regulations and standards in this domain support increased water pollution with microplastics. The literature is unsuccessful in establishing a common approach regarding this subject. The main objective of this research is to develop a new approach to necessary policies and ways of action to decrease water pollution caused by microplastics. In this context, we quantified the impact of European water pollution caused by microplastics in the circular economy. The main research methods used in the paper are meta-analysis, statistical analysis and an econometric approach. A new econometric model is developed in order to assist the decision makers in increasing efficiency of public policies regarding water pollution elimination. The main result of this study relies on combining, in an integrated way, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's (OECD) data on microplastic water pollution and identifying relevant policies to combat this type of pollution.

Smart cities from low cost to expensive solutions under an optimal analysis.

This scientific approach mainly aims to develop a smart city/smart community concept to objectively evaluate the progress of these organizational forms in relation to other classical/traditional forms of city organizations. The elaborated model allowed the construction of the dashboard of access actions in the smart city/smart community category on two levels of financial effort correlated with the effect on the sustainable development of smart cities. The validity of the proposed model and our approach was supported by the complex statistical analysis performed in this study. The research concluded that low-cost solutions are the most effective in supporting smart urban development. They should be followed by the other category of solutions, which implies more significant financial and managerial efforts as well as a higher rate of welfare growth for urban citizens. The main outcomes of this research include modelling solutions related to smart city development at a low-cost level and identifying the sensitivity elements that maximize the growth function. The implications of this research are to provide viable alternatives based on smart city development opportunities with medium and long-term effects on urban communities, economic sustainability, and translation into urban development rates. This study's results are useful for all administrations ready for change that want the rapid implementation of the measures with beneficial effects on the community or which, through a strategic vision, aim to connect to the European objectives of sustainable growth and social welfare for citizens. Practically, this study is a tool for defining and implementing smart public policies at the urban level.

A new approach to econometric modeling in digitized consumer behavior.

Given how identifying motivational factors of online purchasing is critical to the success of online retailers, research on the antecedents of online customer experience (cognitive and affective experiential states) has attracted widespread attention. In this study, we conducted an extensive survey to identify major behavioral changes in the online buyer, and based on the age of the respondents we synthesized the findings into an econometric model to explain the impact of cultural, social, personal, and psychological traits on online purchasing. Our survey identified a myriad of motivational factors that influence online buyers' psychological perceptions and the impact of those factors has been reported. The proposed econometric model would help online retailers to better understand the motivational factors behind online customers' purchasing decisions. It also serves to inform the academic community of recent trends in this stream of research and shed light on future research.

Educational performance between the human resource's theoretical paradigm and the practical mentality. Analysis at the European level.

The issue of performance in education is always topical because it plays an important role in creating the most valuable resource: labor. It has been treated both from a scientific and practical point of view through numerous strategies and optimization techniques, being integrated with the strategies for educational development as a training system at a global level. This research aimed to identify the need for performance and assessed the theoretical and practical dimensions of the European gap in performance in education, given the impact of the global crisis. The analysis was based on a structured questionnaire that is part of a pilot research in which 130 teachers and school managers from Romania and 97 teachers and school managers from five other European countries participated. The results of the study will allow the identification of the human resource's theoretical paradigm and the practical mentality in the education system to improve performance, which the authors propose to use to identify concrete applicable measures in the short term.

Consumption of nutritive supplements during physical activities in Romania: A qualitative study.

The consumption of nutritional supplements by the population that practices physical activities in a regular, organized manner represents a form of scientific interest for professionals interested in analyzing the somatic and biological changes that occur under the influence of the stimuli provided by nutritional supplements. In this context, based on a new statistical model proposed by the authors, we aimed at assessing nutritional supplement consumption efficiency and the effects felt by the consumers in relation to both the achievement of their health goals and the destructuring of the biological processes following the consumption of these supplements. The new model, created by the authors, can be applied to the population of any other state in the world. The methods used in this article are analytical and prospective, and they are based on a qualitative questionnaire applied to 310 Romanian people who practice sports regularly; the sample group being considered representative for the entire population of Romania by the Cochran W.G. test. The results of the study are useful to both the specialists and the people who take nutritional supplements, and they help in improving the perception regarding the efficiency of these products on various categories, as will be seen from the data provided in this study. Moreover, the results of this analysis are also interesting for the providers of products such as pharmacies and authorized distributors, which can scientifically quantify their supply in the market.

To a Green Economy across the European Union.

"Is the green economy a real solution to the present economic development?" represents the main question of the present research. The paper deals with assessing the impact of innovation on the green economy and quality of life through policies promoted at the European Union (EU) level. The objectives of the paper are to assess the impact level of the policy implementation across the Member States through the research and development (R&D) process and to identify models for the development of the green economy in Europe. The applied methods are empirical and analytical based on the study of literature, econometric modeling, pivoting econometric models, trend synthesis, prioritization, and staging of policy experimentation in the Member States through data processing and statistical programs. The results consist in obtaining development models for the green economy at the EU and national levels. In conclusion, the paper contributes to the early identification of vulnerabilities that may affect the development of European strategic projects in relation to events and security breaches occurring at the EU level at any given time.

Approaches related to the effects of Covid-19 pandemics on financing of the healthcare system in Romania.

Background: The healthcare financial system faced a significant disturbance of the budget balance after the outbreak of the pandemic, amid government measures to combat the disease. These measures have led to shifts in funding weights within the income and expenditure budget structure, with a focus on prevention and treatment of patients infected with SARS-COV 2. The purpose of this research is to analyse the financial balance of the healthcare system and the related modelling to support decision-makers in adopting and implementing appropriate financing measures for the pandemic. Methods: The working hypotheses of this study were tested using an econometric linear regression model based on the financing budgetary function, which matches funding to the specific need for each expenditure heading. SPSS 25 statistical software was used to define the model and to test the homogeneity of the data and their statistical relevance to the phenomenon under analysis. Results: The proposed model showed that there is a significant correlation of the dependent variable, Dynamics of budget revenues in the healthcare sector (TIM), with the regressors. We believe that a problem-solving rebalancing of allocations could help to eliminate the synergy in health. This redistribution should take into account the impact that economic and budgetary factors have on healthcare factors and vice versa, so that at some point after successive adjustments the minimum distance between forecast and realisation or between need and financing of need can be reached. The used data were analysed dynamically to assess changes in trend as absolute data do not allow the construction of an overall picture. Relative data captures changes in financing from year to year and can be linked to events such as pandemics, financial crises or inflation. Conclusions: In relation to the objectives of the research, it emerges that, under the impact of pandemic stress, measures to improve healthcare management, increase performance and streamline financial allocation are vulnerable and cannot counteract the effects that the pandemic has on the healthcare of the population as reflected in the morbidity and mortality indicators collected during the pandemic. In this regard, it is necessary a rethinking of the strategic healthcare management, a better planning of the procurement of medicines and healthcare supplies, a rethinking of the partnerships with the European Commission and other global entities. This approach can effectively improve the impact of the pandemic on the healthcare status of the population, a rebalancing of the demand-supply balance in healthcare and a maintenance of the strategic programmes, according to the objectives assumed in the planning, given that these programmes protect categories of people already medically affected.

Post COVID-19 Infection Psychosis: Could SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection Be a Neuropsychiatric Condition That Triggers Psychotic Disorders? - A Case-Based Short Review.

Corona virus (COVID-19) is an epidemy of respiratory disease caused by a novel corona virus and it was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a global health pandemic emergency. Due to the neuropsychiatric manifestation of Covid-19 that have been associated with psychotic disorders, in this paper we choose to present a case from "Elena Doamna" Psychiatric Hospital from Galati, Romania and to correlate it with other cases from literature in a mini review presentation. In our paper, we present the case of a patient of 44-year-old men, with no past psychiatric history whose behavior included psycho-motor agitation, perception and thinking disorders, disorganized behaviour, attempted suicide by stabbing. The last perspectives from the two years of pandemic together with psychiatric disease linked the virus infections with psychosis to the main concern that Covid-19 could determine psychiatric disorders. There were also presented same literature studies of patients with no personal pathological history in the psychiatric field which developed psychiatric disorders after COVID-19 infection. SARS-CoV-2 has a psychological impact on the mental health status of the worldwide and, especially when it is associated with psychotic symptoms and can affect the quality-of-life. In some cases, the virus affected the brain and as a result, the psychosis symptoms could be an emerging phenomenon associated with the corona virus. Based on the DSM V and ICD-10 criteria, the diagnosis was of acute psychiatric disorders with symptoms of schizophrenia (F23.1). The case report and review reliefs that there is a causal link between the SARS CoV-2 infection and mental disorders, which is currently being investigated.

Was the European oil industry prepared for the current global crisis?

The paper focuses on the impact of the complex global crisis on the European oil industry. The main objective of the research is to define, implement and validate a model able to quantify the developments and risks faced by this industry at European level. In order to achieve this objective, dynamic statistical analysis takes into account specific indicators of production, demand and actual consumption over a significant period of time. Special attention is given to the impact of the pandemic on this industry. The analysis takes into consideration the latest official statistical data and is connected to the most important global trends in the oil industry. The main result of this scientific approach is the building of a pertinent instrument/model able to assist the decision-makers in calibrating the European oil industry to global market requirements and developments. By using this tool, key elements of energy policy can be identified that can bring valuable clarifications in the context of the industry's new orientations towards green energy and the reduction of polluting fuels.

Approaches to Health Efficiency across the European Space through the Lens of the Health Budget Effort.

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, financial resources allocated to the health system have been refocused according to priority 0: fighting the pandemic. The main objective of this research is to identify the vulnerabilities affecting the health budget effort in the EU and in the Member States during the health crisis period. The analysis takes into account relevant statistical indicators both in terms of financial allocation to health and expenditure on health protection of the population in the Member States, with the effect being tracked even during the pandemic period. The novelty of the study is the identification of viable directions of intervention based on the structural determination of expenditures related to measures to combat the pandemic and making proposals for changes in public policies based on the determination of the effectiveness of budget allocations in health in relation to the proposed purpose. The main outcome of the study is the identification of the vulnerabilities and the projection of measures to mitigate them in the medium and long term.

Growth and integration's impact under a new dynamic approach.

The aim of the research is to define a new model able to quantify the viability of one or more economies' growth and integration within a regional entity. The final goal of such approach is to support the European adhering process in the context of the present pandemic. Our approach is a dynamic one and is focused on the Balkan region as main supplier of candidate countries. The methods used in the analysis are represented by the meta-analysis of the literature in the field, comparison of statistical databases, dedicated software and application of the degree of concentration theory (author Zlati Monica-Laura). Using this theory, a new statistical model is built. Its results will generate significant conclusions regarding the impact and performance of the two economies' integration.

New Approach to Modelling the Impact of Heavy Metals on the European Union's Water Resources.

The present research aims to address the highly topical issue of heavy metal water pollution from an integrated European perspective, i.e., to quantify through modelling a general model of water pollution reduction in the EU. The objectives of the study are mainly aimed at identifying effective solutions to reduce heavy metal water pollution and providing supranational decision-makers with public policy directions in the field. The research methods consist of the foundation of working hypotheses based on the study of the literature, the consolidation of official statistical databases in the field, econometric modelling and the conceptualisation of a general model and its testing and validation by statistical methods. The results of the analysis consist of the following marginal contributions: the identification of a general model for combating heavy metal pollution; the calculation of the degree of contribution of regional policies to the general model; and the identification of effective solutions to improve the combating of heavy metal water pollution in Europe. The main conclusion of the analysis shows that significant progress has been achieved at the EU level in the field of combating heavy metal water pollution. However, the level of disparity and poor policy coordination are real vulnerabilities for the EU.

Impact Study on Social Accounting Matrix by Intrabusiness Analysis.

According to the current concerns about social welfare and environmental protection, integrated in a model assimilated to intrabusiness relations, our research started from the analysis of the initial model SAM, which will be transformed in order to develop the SAMI model under six research objectives. The need of improving SAM matrix started to connect it directly to the regional economic systems and continued to a new approach on Input-Output Analysis. Nowadays, SAM describes the intraregional connections between regional economic actors using the role of different income categories. Moreover, SAM can quantify different regional multipliers. All deficiencies previously identified in connection to SAM model have been reviewed and resolved within the proposed SAMI model by the authors of this paper. The purpose of this research is the launch of an absolutely new mathematical model (SAMI) and its practical testing at regional level. This model is able to systematize the links between the local and regional businesses, under the matrix (SAMI) flow, for all kinds of companies and to assist the regional decision, as well. Czamanski was not able to escape from the input-output prison's approach. This is why he continued to use the linear interdependencies between the industries, economic sectors and economic actors. The income is able only to approximate the individuals and other economic actors' welfare. If the increase in the average and aggregate income is doubled by an unfair distribution of income in two countries which have the same average income, the effects on welfare vary a lot. A relatively similar effect comes from the government policy differences in income distribution and redistribution.

Global Challenges vs. the Need for Regional Performance Models under the Present Pandemic Crisis.

The present study uses the analysis of the EU's regional performance structure based on clusters to test the versatility of the regional administrative capacity in relation to three disruptive global phenomena: the economic crisis, the coronavirus epidemic and the phenomenon of refugee migration to Europe. We defined a regional performance model based on maintaining sustainability indicators in the 240 EU regions. The objectives of the study are aimed primarily at a structured assessment of regional administrative capacity in the initial version, based on statistical indicators, and in the current version, after the outbreak of the pandemic, based on quantifying the impact of the disturbing factors. Secondly, the objectives of the study are to evaluate the reaction of the administrative units according to their ability to respond to the economic problems in the region, in the sense of improving the performance of the regional economies. The methods used in this paper will be empirical (the study of the specialized literature), analytical and will contain econometric modelling and statistical processing of the data. The results of the study will allow the identification of the necessary traits to train a leader in regional performance, traits that will be useful to European decision makers in adjusting the EU regional policy. Moreover, the need to redefine the EU in terms of performance will be substantiated once again. The study is current and is based on the latest Eurostat information, pertinent tables and diagrams.

Assessment of Transportation by Air for Patients with Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction from Non-PCI Centers.

The aim of this study was to assess the delays that can potentially occur in the emergency transfer of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) centers. We conducted a retrospective study using the medical reports pertaining to 97 patients who presented to the Emergency Department of the Emergency County Hospital of Galati during the year of 2018 with the diagnosis of STEMI and meeting eligibility criteria for PCI, thus warranting transfer to a hospital with PCI facilities. The pick-up time of patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction from the emergency department by the transfer crew is significantly shorter (p < 0.05) than those transferred by air, regardless of the PCI center to which the transfer was performed, Iasi or Bucharest, when compared to the time required to process the patients transferred by land to the same PCI centers. The results of the study shows that the helicopter use for transferring acute myocardial infarction patients to a PCI center must be considered, given the distance between non-PCI and PCI centers is over 200 km.