What motivates students to pursue a career in gerontological nursing? The cultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the CMGN questionnaire.

Background: Career motivation toward gerontological nursing (CMGN) has been studied by various authors. It is essential to identify the influencing factors and guarantee that undergraduate nursing degrees provide adequate social and healthcare responses to the current demand for gerontological care. Objective: In the absence of a validated instrument to measure students' career motivation in geriatric nursing in our sociocultural context, this study aimed to adapt and validate the original questionnaire Chinese CMGN. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 316 nursing students were collected in May 2021. The cultural and linguistic adaptation process was conducted in accordance with the recommendations of Ramada-Rodilla and Beaton. A committee of experts was established to assess content validity. The CMGN questionnaire consists of 20 items divided into 2 subscales: "Expectancy" (6 items) and "Values" (14 items). To determine the psychometric properties, the following analyses were carried out: content validity (Aiken's V coefficient and Pearson's coefficient of variation), internal consistency (Cronbach's α) and construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis and convergent and divergent validity). To verify the model once the parameters were estimated, we calculated the goodness-of-fit between the model and the data. Data analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows (IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0) and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS 27.0). Results: A total of 316 nursing students were surveyed, of which 91.1% were women and the mean age was 21.61 ± 5.45 years (range: 18-56). The results indicate that the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were adequate in terms of content and construct validity. The internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha for both subscales was greater than 0.8. The AMOS results revealed that the final model fit statistics of CMIN/df (2.204), GFI (0.922), CFI (0.948) and RMSEA (0.062) indicated a satisfactory model fit. Finally, an original second-order model was obtained, resulting in the Spanish version of the CMGN (SV-CMGN) instrument. Conclusions: We developed a valid SV-CMGN questionnaire that is socially and culturally adapted to the Spanish context and is capable of measuring the motivation of nursing students toward a career in gerontological nursing, from the newest to the most experienced. This new version opens up the possibility of studying the phenomenon of motivation in other Spanish-speaking countries. Keywords: Gerontological nursing; Motivation; Students, nursing; Validation study; Surveys and questionnaires.

Identificación y manejo de situaciones emocionales vividas por los estudiantes de enfermería durante las prácticas clínicas / Identification and management of emotional situations experienced by student nurses during clinical placements

Introducción: La Enfermería es una profesión en la que se viven situaciones emocionales muy complejas y difíciles, por lo que adquiere especial importancia el saber gestionar de forma adecuada las emociones para poder evitar estados de estrés crónico.Objetivo: Identificar las situaciones emocionales que experimentan los estudiantes de enfermería durante su experiencia clínica y la relación de ésta con las habilidades de la profesión enfermera, así como su gestión emocional. Método: Estudio de diseño mixto cualitativo/cuantitativo. La parte cualitativa se basa en el estudio de las situaciones emocionales percibidas por el alumnado en las prácticas clínicas, recabado a través de una pregunta abierta sobre situaciones que le habrían generado une emoción intensa. La cuantitativa, por su parte, se centra en la IEP (Inteligencia Emocional Percibida) del alumnado medido por cuestionario Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24).Resultados: En la primera parte se identifican dos categorías principales: Las habilidades y la falta de habilidades, entre las cuales, la categoría más identificada es la de las “habilidades”, siendo la subcategoría más representativa la de “empatía”, seguida del “autoconocimiento”. En ambas, la situación emocional primordialmente identificada es la muerte.En la segunda parte, se examinan los resultados y se infiere una asociación entre la dimensión Comprensión de la IEP y las habilidades de la profesión enfermera.Conclusión: La muerte está muy presente en las emociones del alumnado de prácticas clínicas siendo la empatía, la habilidad más presente. La comprensión emocional puede ayudar a estimular la empatía y promover el autoconocimiento (AU)

Introduction: Nursing is a profession in which very complex and challenging emotional situations are experienced. Therefore, knowing how to manage emotions properly is particularly important to avoid chronic stress. Objective: Identifying Emotional situations experienced by nursing students during their clinical experience and their relationship with the skills of the nursing profession, as well as emotional management. Method: Study with a mixed qualitative and quantitative design. The qualitative part is based on the study of emotional situations experienced by students in clinical practices, gathered through an open question on situations that have generated intense emotion. In turn, the quantitative part is focused on the PEI of the students, measured by the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) questionnaire. Results: The first section identifies two main categories: skills and lack of skills. Among these, the most identified category is that of "skills", the most representative subcategory being that of "empathy", followed by "self-knowledge". In both, the emotional situation identified primarily is death. In the second section, the results are examined, and an association is inferred between the Comprehension dimension of PEI and the skills of the nursing profession. Conclusion: Death is very present in students' emotions in clinical practices, with empathy being the skill with the most significant presence. Emotional comprehension may help to stimulate empathy and promote self-knowledge (AU)

Gender differences in unplanned hospital admission: A population-based approach.

Gender inequities are present not only in the health status of individuals but also in access to health services. Unplanned hospitalizations can indicate dysfunction in health systems by detecting unmet health problems prior to the health care needs of a person, while planned hospitalizations indicate effective management by the system. Thus, we aim to analyze the association between sex and the probability of unplanned or planned hospitalization for different diseases. A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed with data regarding the 700 447 hospitalizations at all registered centers in the Basque Country from 2016 to 2018. Adjusted odds ratios were carried out to determine the association between sex and admission circumstances for each diagnostic category. Results showed that women had higher odds ratio for unplanned hospitalization for various diseases of the circulatory system and inguinal hernia among others, while men had a higher odds ratio for diseases such as neoplasms, metabolic diseases, and multiple sclerosis. The differences by sex indicate that the odds applied to the circumstance of hospitalization is a sensitive indicator and potentially applicable for detecting diseases likely to generate gender-based inequalities.

The perception and management of emotions in nursing students under clinical training / La percepción y la gestión de las emociones en los estudiantes de enfermería en formación clínica

BACKGROUND: Patient care must be understood holistically and to achieve this goal, nurses must be aware and familiar with the world of emotions. Poor handling of emotions by nursing professionals can affect their health, also leading to lower-quality care. Therefore, it is important to explore the management of their emotions before becoming a nurse. PURPOSE: To evaluate Perceived Emotional Intelligence in 3rd- year nursing students in an academic context and in clinical practicum. METHODOLOGY: Longitudinal and prospective design. The Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 was used at three different moments, the first two corresponding to the academic context and the third to the clinical practice context, the age variable was also analyzed. RESULTS: 40 students of an average age (24.81±1.164 years old). Perception and Emotional Regulation were found to be different according to the learning context. Students over the age of 25 years old were also found to perceive their emotions better, but to understand them worse. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing students' perception of their own emotions may vary in function of their learning context, with age being a factor that has an influence on the management of emotions. Implications: In the design of the nursing program it's important to include managing emotions and to choose when to do so.

Hospital Childbirth: Perspectives of Women and Professionals for a Positive Experience-A Qualitative Study.

The perception and interpretation of childbirth are changing as values change. This requires women and professionals to adapt to new circumstances. The objective of this study was to analyze the perspectives of women and professionals on hospital birth and to identify improvement areas in order to achieve a positive perinatal experience. A qualitative prospective study with a phenomenological approach was conducted using semi-structured interviews with women, two and eight months after childbirth, participant observation, and professional focus groups. The analysis of the transcribed texts involved a thematic inductive approach. Four improvement areas emerged from the analysis: (a) strengthening communication and the therapeutic relationship; (b) unifying criteria between hospitals and primary care centers to provide coordinated and coherent information; (c) involvement of the partner in the whole process of pregnancy-childbirth-puerperium; (d) improvement of the spaces used in prenatal care and births. The need for a continuity of care from the beginning of pregnancy to the postpartum period is emphasized, which requires an improvement in information, participation, and the promotion of shared decision-making. To this end, coordinated interdisciplinary work, involvement of the partner and the improvement of the spaces used in prenatal care and births are essential.