Association between coping resources and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in the Czech Republic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused detrimental global consequences for public health, health-care systems, economies, and society in general. The Czech Republic was one of the most affected countries in the world regarding daily cases increases during the first waves of the pandemic. The present study investigates the association between coping resources, mental health and anxiety. We collected data (N = 476) via an online survey. A multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the predictors of mental health and anxiety. Mental health was significantly predicted by SOC, SONC, social support and trust in institutions. Anxiety was significantly predicted only by SOC and SONC. The study provides support for the salutogenic model of health and adds to the evidence that sense of coherence, that is, one's ability to view life as comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful, is the most important coping resource in light of a major event, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

On proportional deformation paths in hypoplasticity.

We investigate rate-independent stress paths under constant rate of strain within the hypoplasticity theory of Kolymbas type. For a particular simplified hypoplastic constitutive model, the exact solution of the corresponding system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is obtained in analytical form. On its basis, the behaviour of stress paths is examined in dependence of the direction of the proportional strain paths and material parameters of the model.

Corrector estimates in homogenization of a nonlinear transmission problem for diffusion equations in connected domains.

This paper is devoted to the homogenization of a nonlinear transmission problem stated in a two-phase domain. We consider a system of linear diffusion equations defined in a periodic domain consisting of two disjoint phases that are both connected sets separated by a thin interface. Depending on the field variables, at the interface, nonlinear conditions are imposed to describe interface reactions. In the variational setting of the problem, we prove the homogenization theorem and a bidomain averaged model. The periodic unfolding technique is used to obtain the residual error estimate with a first-order corrector.

Hypoxic hepatitis - epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical management.

Hypoxic hepatitis (HH), also known as ischemic hepatitis or shock liver, is characterized by centrilobular liver cell necrosis and sharply increasing serum aminotransferase levels in a clinical setting of cardiac, circulatory or respiratory failure. Nowadays it is recognized as the most frequent cause of acute liver injury with a reported prevalence of up to 10% in the intensive care unit. Patients with HH and vasopressor therapy have a significantly increased mortality risk in the medical intensive care unit population. The main underlying conditions contributing to HH are low cardiac output and septic shock, although a multifactorial etiology is found in the majority of patients. HH causes several complications such as spontaneous hypoglycemia, respiratory insufficiency due to the hepatopulmonary syndrome, and hyperammonemia. HH reverses after successful treatment of the basic HH-causing disease. No specific therapies improving the hepatic function in patients with HH are currently established. Early recognition of HH and its underlying diseases and subsequent initiation of therapy is of central prognostic importance. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnostic and therapeutic options of HH.